CHARUTAR VIDYA MANDAL UNIVERSITY

A D PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Mobile Application Development- 3170726

PREPARED BY:
PROF. AXIT KACHHIA
CP DEPARTMENT
What is MAD?
Mobile application development is the process of creating software
applications that run on a mobile device, and a typical mobile application
utilizes a network connection to work with remote computing resources.
There are two dominant platforms in the modern smartphone market. One
is the iOS platform from Apple Inc. The iOS platform is the operating system
that powers Apple's popular line of iPhone smartphones. 
The second is Android from Google. The Android operating system is used
not only by Google devices but also by many other OEMs to built their own
smartphones and other smart devices.

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User Interface
The user interface (UI) is the point of human-computer interaction and
communication in a device.
It is the visual part of an application or device that determines how a user
interact with it and how information is displayed on the screen.
This can include display screens, keyboards, a mouse and the appearance of
a desktop.
It is also the way through which a user interacts with an application or a
website.

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Layout
A layout defines the structure for a user interface in your app, such as in an
activity.
All elements in the layout are built using a hierarchy of View and ViewGroup
objects.
A View usually draws something the user can see and interact with.

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Layout
You can declare a layout in two ways:
•Declare UI elements in XML. Android provides a straightforward XML
vocabulary that corresponds to the View classes and subclasses, such as
those for widgets and layouts.
• You can also use Android Studio's Layout Editor to build your XML layout
using a drag-and-drop interface.
•Instantiate layout elements at runtime. Your app can create View and
ViewGroup objects (and manipulate their properties) programmatically.

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Types of Android Layout
There are number of Layouts provided by Android which you will use in
almost all the Android applications to provide different view, look and feel.
1. Linear Layout:
Linear Layout is a view group that aligns all children in a single direction,
vertically or horizontally.

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Types of Android Layout
2. Relative Layout:
Relative Layout is a view group that displays child views in relative positions.
Android Relative Layout enables you to specify how child views are
positioned relative to each other.
The position of each view can be specified as relative to sibling elements or
relative to the parent.

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Types of Android Layout
3. Table Layout:
Table Layout is a view that groups views into rows and columns.
You will use the <TableRow> element to build a row in the table. Each row
has zero or more cells; each cell can hold one View object.
Table Layout containers do not display border lines for their rows, columns,
or cells.

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Types of Android Layout
4. Absolute Layout:
Absolute Layout enables you to specify the exact location of its children.
It lets you specify exact locations (x/y coordinates) of its children.
Absolute layouts are less flexible and harder to maintain than other types of
layouts without absolute positioning.

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Types of Android Layout
5. Frame Layout:
The Frame Layout is a placeholder on screen that you can use to display a
single view.
Frame Layout is designed to block out an area on the screen to display a
single item.
You can, however, add multiple children to a Frame Layout and control their
position within the Frame Layout by assigning gravity to each child, using the
android:layout_gravity attribute.

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Types of Android Layout
6. List View:
List View is a view group that displays a list of scrollable items.
Android ListView is a view which groups several items and display them in
vertical scrollable list.

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Types of Android Layout
7. Grid View:
Grid View is a ViewGroup that displays items in a two-dimensional,
scrollable grid.
Android Grid View shows items in two-dimensional scrolling grid (rows &
columns) and the grid items are not necessarily predetermined but they
automatically inserted to the layout using a ListAdapter.

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Working with UI components and events
Interface elements include but are not limited to:
•Input Controls: checkboxes, radio buttons, dropdown lists, list boxes, buttons,
toggles, text fields, date field
•Navigational Components: breadcrumb, slider, search field, pagination,
slider, tags, icons
•Informational Components: tooltips, icons, progress bar, notifications,
message boxes, modal windows
•Containers: accordion

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Input Controls

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Input Controls

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Input Controls

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Input Controls

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Input Controls

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Navigational Components

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Navigational Components

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Navigational Components

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Navigational Components

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Navigational Components

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Navigational Components

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Information Components

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Information Components

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Information Components

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Information Components

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Containers

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Android Menus
Each menu must have an XML file related to it which defines its layout.
These are the tags associated with the menu option:

<menu> - This is the container element for your menu (similar to Linear
Layout)

<item> - This denotes an item and is nested inside of the menu tag. Be aware
that an item element can hold a <menu> element to represent a submenu

<group> - This is used to signify a certain property or feature to a couple of

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Options Menu
The options menu is the primary collection of menu items for an activity. It's
where you should place actions that have a global impact on the app, such as
"Search," "Compose email," and "Settings.“
This menu is usually found at the top of your application and in it, you
should place actions that affect the application as a whole. These could be
the application’s settings or a search box.

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Contextual Menu
This menu appears when a user performs a long click on one of your UI
elements. The options found in this menu affect what UI element the user
made the click on.
It is common to use this type of menu in list or grid views, where the user’s
interaction with each item can lead to a specific action.

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Popup Menu
A popup menu is a type of menu that displays items in a vertical list.
This list is attached to the view the user has clicked on to invoke this menu.
It is important to keep in mind, that when choosing a popup menu, you do
not want the user’s choice to affect the previous content the user pressed.
Actions in a popup menu should not directly affect the corresponding
content—that's what contextual actions are for. Rather, the popup menu is
for extended actions that relate to regions of content in your activity.

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Recycler View
RecyclerView is an extended version of ListView and GridView. It works on
the ViewHolder design pattern. With the help of RecyclerView, we can add
many extra features to our list of data.
RecyclerView we can load a large amount of data and items of RecyclerView
can have a custom design.
RecyclerView works on ViewHolder design pattern so we have to create a
Data class that holds data for RecyclerView and a ViewHolder class which will
set data to each item of RecyclerView

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Card View
CardView is an extended version of Framelayout which can be used to show
items inside the card format.
 The main usage of CardView is that it helps to give a
rich feel and look to the UI design.
This widget can be easily seen in many different
Android Apps. 

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