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Chapter 4 PLC Programming 2022

Ladder diagrams are logic structures used for industrial controls that mimic a ladder, with vertical power rails and horizontal rungs representing control circuits. The load device is drawn on the right rail. Ladder logic has become a programming language used in PLCs to build control programs through graphical diagrams based on relay logic. There are many types of instructions used in PLC programming languages, including timers for delay functions drawn in ladder diagrams with symbols and mnemonic codes.

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87 views

Chapter 4 PLC Programming 2022

Ladder diagrams are logic structures used for industrial controls that mimic a ladder, with vertical power rails and horizontal rungs representing control circuits. The load device is drawn on the right rail. Ladder logic has become a programming language used in PLCs to build control programs through graphical diagrams based on relay logic. There are many types of instructions used in PLC programming languages, including timers for delay functions drawn in ladder diagrams with symbols and mnemonic codes.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Aniq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PLC PROGRAMMING

chapter 4
PUAN ROSLINDA BINTI ISMAIL
What Is a Ladder Diagram?
Ladder diagrams are advanced schematics The load device (lamp, relay coil, solenoid
widely used to record logic structures for coil, etc.) is drawn almost always on the
industrial controls. These are called ladder right-hand side of the rung in ladder
diagrams because they mimic a ladder, with diagrams. Although it doesn't matter
two vertical rails (supply power) and as many electrically where the relay coil is within the
"rungs" (horizontal lines) as there are to rung, it does matter that the end of the power
represent control circuits. supply of the ladder is grounded, for stable
operation.
Application Scenarios of Ladder Diagrams

1.Every system in the relay rack will be depicted with a symbol on the diagram of the ladder indicating the relations between such
devices. Furthermore, other things beyond the relay rack, such as pumps, heaters, and so on, will also feature on the schematic of the
ladder.

2.Ladder logic has developed into a programming language, describing a system through a graphical diagram based on the relay logic
hardware circuit diagrams.

3.Ladder logic is used to build a programmable logic controller (PLC) software and is used in industrial control applications.
4.For basic yet essential control systems or for reworking old hardwired relay circuits, Ladder logic is useful.

5.This has also been used in very advanced automation systems as programmable logic controllers have become more sophisticated

6.Ladder logic should be described as a language focused on rules, rather than a language of procedures. A ladder "rung" represents a rule.
OVERVIEW OF INSTRUCTIONS

The CPM1A has a large selection of programming


instructions that allows for easy programming of
complicated control processes. The instructions
explained in this section includes ladder diagram
symbols and the mnemonic codes for the instructions.
Application examples are also provided.
The 5 most popular types of PLC Programming
Languages are:

1. Ladder Diagram (LD)


2. Sequential Function Charts (SFC)
3. Function Block Diagram (FBD)
4. Structured Text (ST)
5. Instruction List (IL)
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

1.LD - LOAD Instruction These instructions are use to start a line of the
program. It is used in the first contacts in the normally open condition (NO)

Explanation: The execution conditions of the instruction On when


00000 is On
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

2.
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

3.
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

4.
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

5.
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

6.

00001
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

7.
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each
instruction has a respective function.

8.
Introduction There are a lot of instructions used to develop the PLC program. Each instruction
has a respective function.

9. Exercises
Timers
Timers are normally used for timer delay. It can be ON delay, OFF delay etc

● On Delay
Circuit
TIMER : ON DELAY CIRCUIT
OFF DELAY CIRCUIT

● SILA LUKIS LADDER DIAGRAM ?????

● SILA TULIS MNEMONIC CODE ???????

● SILA LUKIS TIMING DIAGRAM !!!!!!!!!!!!!!


TIMING DIAGRAM OFF DELAY CIRCUIT
OFF DELAY LADDER DIAGRAM
ON+OFF DELAY Timer
ON+OFF DELAY Timer
FLASHER Timing Function
FLASHER Timing Function

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