Gases
Gases
Gases
Teacher: Sir
111Jason Brozo
Gases
Initial Final
P1 1 atm P2 1 atm
V1 25.0 L V2 ?
T1 25oC = 298.15 K T1 80oC = 353.15 K
Sample problem
• Unknown: V2 = ? Formula:
V2 = (25.0 L) (353.15 K)
=29. 6 L
298.15 K
Charles’s Real Life Application
We apply the Charles Law ordinarily in real life. One of the
example is the soda can. When you open a chilled can, you
merely see bubbles. However, bubbles spill out the drink if you
open a warm can. Why is this so? This is because of Charles Law.
The volume of gas increases in case of a warmer can, and as the
can opens, gas molecules find their way to bubble out more
intensely.
Avogadro's Law
• Amadeo Avogadro is the pioneer of this law. This law states that
the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of
particles at the same pressure and absolute temperature,
regardless of the nature of the gas.
Sample problem
• A canister of butane gas (C4H10, MM = 58.12 g/mol) used for
portable cooking is available in a store in two sizes – 750 ml
and 2.0 L. The 750 mL canister contains 85 g of C 4H10 with a
pressure of 48 atm at 28oC. How many grams of C4H10are
present in the bigger canister under the same condition of the
pressure and temperature?
Sample problem
750 mL canister 2.0 L canister
m1 85 g m2 ?
P1 48 atm P2 48 atm
T1 28oC T2 28oC
V1 750 mL V2 2.0 L – 2000 mL
Sample problem
• Unknown: n2 = ?
To solve this problem, calculate first the number of moles of
C4H10 from the given mass.
85 g
Moles of C4H10 = n1 = m1/MM = = 1.5 mol
58.12 g/mol
Then, manipulate the equation for Avogadro’s law to get the
number of moles of C4H10 present
Sample problem
. V1 V 2
=
n1 n2
V1 n 2 = V 2 n 1
V1 V1
(2.0 L)(1.5 mol)
n2 = n2 = = 4.0 mol
(0.75 L)
Sample problem
Finally, compute for the mass of C4H10 in the second
canister .
PV = nRT
Ideal Gas and Ideal Gas equation
PV = nRT
• Given:
• m = 1.5 g
• P = 0.85 atm
• V= 0.68 L
• T = 301 K
Sample problem
• Solution:
To calculate the molar mass of the gas, determine first its first
number of moles using the ideal gas equation.
n= PV ( 0.85 atm)(0.68 L)
= = 0.023
RT L x atm
0.0821 mol x K 301 K
Sample problem
To calculate the molar mass as shown below.
MM = m = 1.5 g
= 65 g/mol
n 0.023 mol
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