Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 144 views

    PTERIDOPHYTA

    Uploaded by

    shriya shukla
    Pteridophytes are early vascular plants that include ferns and horsetails. They were the first plants to have well-developed vascular tissue. The main plant body of pteridophytes is the sporophyte generation, which produces spores through sporangia on specialized leaves called sporophylls. The spores germinate to produce the gametophyte generation, which are small heart-shaped prothalli that bear male and female sex organs. Fertilization occurs between the gametes to form a zygote, which develops into a new sporophyte. Thus, pteridophytes exhibit alternation of generations between the sporophyte and gametophyte phases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    PTERIDOPHYTA

    Uploaded by

    shriya shukla
    144 views16 pages
    Pteridophytes are early vascular plants that include ferns and horsetails. They were the first plants to have well-developed vascular tissue. The main plant body of pteridophytes is the sporophyte generation, which produces spores through sporangia on specialized leaves called sporophylls. The spores germinate to produce the gametophyte generation, which are small heart-shaped prothalli that bear male and female sex organs. Fertilization occurs between the gametes to form a zygote, which develops into a new sporophyte. Thus, pteridophytes exhibit alternation of generations between the sporophyte and gametophyte phases.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Pteridophytes are early vascular plants that include ferns and horsetails. They were the first plants to have well-developed vascular tissue. The main plant body of pteridophytes is the sporophyte generation, which produces spores through sporangia on specialized leaves called sporophylls. The spores germinate to produce the gametophyte generation, which are small heart-shaped prothalli that bear male and female sex organs. Fertilization occurs between the gametes to form a zygote, which develops into a new sporophyte. Thus, pteridophytes exhibit alternation of generations between the sporophyte and gametophyte phases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    144 views16 pages

    PTERIDOPHYTA

    Uploaded by

    shriya shukla
    Pteridophytes are early vascular plants that include ferns and horsetails. They were the first plants to have well-developed vascular tissue. The main plant body of pteridophytes is the sporophyte generation, which produces spores through sporangia on specialized leaves called sporophylls. The spores germinate to produce the gametophyte generation, which are small heart-shaped prothalli that bear male and female sex organs. Fertilization occurs between the gametes to form a zygote, which develops into a new sporophyte. Thus, pteridophytes exhibit alternation of generations between the sporophyte and gametophyte phases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 16

    PTERIDOPHYTA

    Pteridophytes include horsetails (Eg- Equisetum) and ferns (Dryopteris,


    Pteris etc.)
    Evolutionarily, they are the first terrestrial plants to
    possess vascular tissues – xylem and phloem.
    The pteridophytes are found in cool, damp,
    shady places though some may flourish well in sandy-soil conditions.
    In bryophytes the dominant phase in the life cycle is the gametophytic
    plant body.
    However, in pteridophytes, the main plant body is a sporophyte which is
    differentiated into true root, stem and leaves.
    These organs possess well-differentiated vascular tissues
    LIFE CYCLE OF PTERIDOPHYTES
    The plant body of the pteridophytes with stems, roots and leaves
    represents the SPOROHYTE generation.
    When mature the plants produce sporophylls.
    These are special leaves which have sporangia. Many sporangia are
    aggregated to form sorus which are usually seen on the ventral side of the
    sporophyll.
    Haploid spores are produced in the sporangia by reduction division
    (Meiosis).
    Spores are the starting point of gametophyte generation.
    When the spores are mature, they are released into air.
    When the spores fall on a wet area they germinate to form the prothallus.
    It is a green, heart shaped photosynthetic structure. It represents the
    gametophyte generation.
    The gametophyte(prothallus) bear male
    and female sex organs called antheridia and archegonia,
    respectively.
    The male gametes antherozoids released
    from the antheridia, swim to the female gamete (egg) Fusion
    of male gamete with the egg present in the archegonium
    result in the formation of zygote(2n)
    Zygote(2n) develops into a multicellular well-differentiated
    sporophyte which is the dominant phase of the
    pteridophytes.
    Thus the plant shows alternation of generation.
    SPOROPHYLL BEARING NUMEROUS SORUS.
    Each sorus contains sporangia in which haploid spores are produced by meiosis.
    SPORANGIA CONTAINING
    SORUS CUT OPEN TO SHOW SPORES
    MANY SPORANGIA
    SPOROPHYLL PROTHALLUS
    In the beginning, the sporophytes
    are attached to the gametophyte.
    Later the sporophytes become
    independent DRYOPTERIS
    The leaves in pteridophyta are small (microphylls) as in Selaginella or large
    (macrophylls) as in ferns

    Selaginella showing microphylls and


    strobili
    In some cases sporophylls may aggregate and form compact structures
    called strobili or cones (Selaginella, Equisetum

    EQUISETUM PLANT SHOWING STROBILUS


    The male gametophyte will develop antheridia in which
    DRYOPTERIS,EQUISETUM
    antherozoids are produced .Archegonia develops in
    female gametophyte.
    In heterosporous
    pteridophytes the
    development of the zygotes
    into young embryos take
    place within the female
    gametophytes.
    This event is a precursor to
    the seed habit considered an
    important step in evolution
    The pteridophytes are further classified into four classes:
    Psilopsida -Psilotum
    Lycopsida -Selaginella, Lycopodium
    Sphenopsida- Equisetum
    Pteropsida -Dryopteris, Pteris, Adiantum
    SALVINIA-An
    aquatic
    pteridophyte.
    HOME WORK
    1)Give the fundamental differences between Bryophytes and
    Pteridophytes.
    2)Name the prominent generation in Bryophytes and
    Pteridophytes.
    3)Define the terms- Sporophyll, Strobilus, Prothallus,
    Heterosprous condition.
    4)What is meant by microphylls and macrophylls.
    5)When does reduction division occurs in the life cycle of a
    pteridophyte?

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy