Presentation by:

ADAM E. SARUCAM
DVD Drive DVD Floppy Disc CD-ROM

Hard Drive Flash Drive

Creating Bootable
USB Drive
AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE
STUDENTS MUST BE ABLE TO;

01
• Identify software use for
bootable devices like USB Flash LEARNING
drive, CD/DVD & disk partition.
OBJECTIVES

02
• Differentiate computer systems
use to boot up a computer and to,

03 • Organize the step-by-step process

upon creating bootable USB Drive
using RUFUS application.
What’s with my Acronym?

CDCompact Disc
DVD
Digital Versatile Disc
OS
Operating System
FAT
File Allocation Table
MBR
Master Boot Record
 NFT
S
New Technology File System
GPT
GUID Partition Table
 HPF
S
High Performance File System
 UEFI
Unified Extensible firmware Interface
BIOS
Basic output Input System
 WHAT IS Bootable Drive?

A piece of hardware that can read or

contains the files required for a
computer to start. For example, a hard
drive, a floppy disk drive, a CD-ROM
drive, a DVD drive, and a USB jump
drive are considered bootable devices.
Tools needed in creating Bootable USB
Drive
A USB Pen Drive with at least 8GB of
space.
A USB pen drive is a data storage device
that includes flash memory with an
integrated USB interface. It is typically
removable, rewritable and much smaller
than an optical disc. Most weigh less than
30g.
Tools needed in creating Bootable USB
Drive
Internet access:
Internet access is required for downloading
the Windows 10 installation image.

Working Windows 10 PC/Laptop- This is

required to create a bootable Windows 10
USB for installation. 
Tools needed in creating Bootable USB
Drive
ISO File - ISO image file ISO image, or called
an ISO file, is an entire CD or DVD image,
full contents that can be wholly duplicated
and contained in a single ISO file. -ISO
image is an image file produced by copying
all information in an optical disc.

Computer Applications
BIOS And UEFI
Firmware
 BIOS
BIOS stands for Basic Input/ Output System, the
firmware we talked about in the above boot
procedure.

It is stored on an EPROM (Erasable Programmable

Read-Only Memory), allowing the manufacturer to
push out updates easily.

It provides many helper functions that allow reading

boot sectors of attached storage and printing things
on screen. You can access BIOS during the initial
phases of the boot procedure by pressing del, F2 or
F10.
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)?

UEFI stands for Unified Extensible Firmware

Interface. It does the same job as a BIOS, but
with one basic difference: it stores all data
about initialization and startup in an .efi file,
instead of storing it on the firmware.
This .efi file is stored on a special partition called
EFI System Partition (ESP) on the hard disk. This
ESP partition also contains the boot loader.
 Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)

UEFI was designed to overcome many limitations of the old

BIOS, including:
1. UEFI supports drive sizes up to 9 zettabytes, whereas BIOS only
supports 2.2 terabytes.
2. UEFI provides faster boot time.
3. UEFI has discrete driver support, while BIOS has driven support
stored in its ROM, so updating BIOS firmware is a bit difficult.
4. UEFI offers security like "Secure Boot", which prevents the
computer from booting from unauthorized/unsigned
applications. This helps in preventing rootkits, but also
hampers dual-booting, as it treats other OS as unsigned
applications. Currently, only Windows and Ubuntu are signed
OS (let me know if I am wrong).

5. UEFI runs in 32bit or 64bit mode, whereas BIOS runs in 16bit

mode. So UEFI is able to provide a GUI (navigation with
mouse) as opposed to BIOS which allows navigation only using
the keyboard.
You might not need UEFI
 Though all modern computers come equipped with UEFI by
default, some reasons why you might choose BIOS over UEFI are:
• If you're beginner and don't care about messing with any type of
firmware, BIOS is for you.
• If you have < 2 TB per hard disk or partition, you can go with
BIOS.
• BIOS allows running multiple operating systems without
changing any settings This can be a security issue from a modern
standpoint, but hey, no hassles for the user.
• BIOS provides system information to the operating system. So if
your OS runs in 16 bit mode, it does not require writing code for
interacting with hardware. It can directly use methods provided
by BIOS. Else if the OS switches over to 32bit or 64bit mode, then
it needs to provide its own subroutines for interacting with
hardware.
• If you are someone who prefers a keyboard and text-based UI
over navigation with a mouse and GUI, then BIOS is for you.

UEFI takes these limitations into account and provides a Legacy

mode. In it you can run everything as if you had a BIOS firmware.
But keep in mind that Intel has announced that it won't support
traditional BIOS from 2020
2 Type of Windows File Systems

1. File Allocation Table (FAT)

A table that an operating system maintains on a hard disk drive which
provides a map of the clusters that a file has been stored.
 
2. NTFS (NT file system; sometimes New Technology File System)
A file system that the Windows NT operating system uses to store and
retrieve files on a hard disk.
2 Type of Windows File Systems

NTFS is the Windows NT equivalent of the Windows 95 file allocation table

(FAT) and the OS/2 High-Performance File System (HPFS).
 
However, NTFS offers some improvements over FAT and HPFS in terms of
performance, extendibility, and security.
2 Types of Partition Table Formats

• MBR (Master Boot Record)

• GPT (GUID Partition Table).

Capacity

Master Boot Record or MBR format

This has been in used since the early 1980s and is widely supported. However,
it is limited to a maximum of four primary partitions with up to 2TB, a size that's
easily exceeded by many large hard drives available today.
 
GUID Partition Table (GPT) format
A newer technology which allows much larger disks to be used up to a
theoretical limit of 9.4 zettabytes (ZB), or nearly 10 billion terabytes.
2 Types of Partition Table Formats

• MBR (Master Boot Record)

• GPT (GUID Partition Table).

Partitioning: MBR uses a partitioning scheme that allows up to four primary partitions or three
primary partitions and one extended partition. In contrast, GPT allows for up to 128 partitions.

Booting: MBR uses a boot loader stored in the first sector of the hard drive, called the Master Boot
Record. GPT uses a UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) system partition to store the boot
loader.
Compatibility: MBR is the more widely supported partitioning scheme and is compatible with most
older operating systems. GPT, on the other hand, is more modern and is required to take advantage
of newer UEFI firmware features, but some older operating systems may not support it. Overall, GPT
is the more modern and robust partitioning scheme, designed to overcome some of the limitations
of MBR. However, compatibility with older systems and hardware may still require the use of MBR.
Applications to Create
Bootable USB Drive

Rufus – Create Bootable USB Drives.

Unetbootin – Create Bootable USB Drives.
BalenaEtcher – Flash OS Images to USB Drive.
Ventoy - Create Bootable USB Drive.
Universal USB Installer.
YUMI MultiBoot USB Creator.
PowerISO Burn Bootable USB Drives.
GNOME MultiWriter.
 Rufus
• Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives, such as USB keys/pen
drives, memory sticks, etc. It can be especially useful for cases where: you need to create USB
installation media from bootable ISOs (Windows, Linux, UEFI, etc.)

• Rufus which is arguably one of the most popular bootable USB creation utilities. It’s a free tool
that you can download and create bootable USB pen drives, memory sticks, etc. It is particularly
helpful when you want to create a USB installation medium from an ISO image or work on a
system with no OS installed.

• Rufus is a portable utility that comes with a small footprint – 1.3MB only. No installation is
required. You just need to double-click on the executable file to launch the UI and start creating
your USB bootable medium from an ISO image of your choice (both Windows and Linux).

Features:
Free and open-source, Multiple OS & BIOS Support, customizable boot loader options, Bad- block
detection, portable variant, etc.
Steps in creating Bootable USB Drive
Using Rufus Utility Software
Requirements in Creating a Bootable Drive:
Windows 7 in ISO format
Rufus software for creating a bootable drive
USB flash drive (at least 4GB)
Desktop computer

• Rufus is one of several programs that allow you to create an “ISO

image” on a USB stick. To create a bootable USB using Rufus, all you
need is:
• Your ISO of choice, e.g. Windows 10
• The latest version of Rufus (available online from https://rufus.ie)
• A spare USB stick (an 8GB USB should be plenty for Windows 10 but
make sure you have one that’s large enough for the ISO you’re using)
Once you’ve got these ready, just follow these steps to make your own bootable USB:
Step 1: Open Rufus and plug your clean USB stick into your
computer.
Step 2: Rufus will automatically detect your USB. Click on Device
and choose the USB you want to use from the drop-down menu.
Step 3: Make sure the Boot Selection option is set to Disk or ISO
image then click Select. Rufus will open a file explorer browser
window; locate the ISO image you want to burn onto the USB
and select it.
Note: In the latest version of Rufus (3.5), there’s now an option to
download the ISO image for Windows 8.1 or 10 directly through
Rufus, if you don’t already have a copy saved. Just click on the
drop-down arrow next to the Select button and
choose Download instead. This will open a dialogue box where
you can choose which Windows version you want to download.
Once you’ve got these ready, just follow these steps to make your own bootable USB:

Step 4: You’ll generally want to create a Standard Windows

installation, and Rufus will automatically detect the correct
Partition Scheme based on your device, so keep the default
settings as they are. However, you can also change these if you
want.
Step 5: Give the Volume label a name of your choice, or leave it
as it is, and once again leave the default settings for File system
and Cluster size. Now click Start.

Note: if the USB you’re using isn’t large enough, you’ll get an
error message you letting you know. In this case, you’ll need to
start again with a different larger USB.
Once you’ve got these ready, just follow these steps to make your own bootable USB:

Step 6: You’ll get a warning saying that any data on the USB will
be destroyed (this is normal). Click OK and Rufus will start
creating the ISO image on the USB.
Step 7: Once Rufus has finished creating the ISO Image on the
USB, you can close it and your bootable USB is ready to go!
 Application
Let’s group the class into 5 groups
Once you’ve got these ready, just follow these steps to make your own bootable USB:

Step 1: __________________________________________
__________________________________________.
Step 2: __________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________.
Step 3: Make sure the Boot Selection option is set to Disk or ISO
image then click Select. Rufus will open a file explorer browser
window; locate the ISO image you want to burn onto the USB
and select it.
Once you’ve got these ready, just follow these steps to make your own bootable USB:

Step 4: You’ll generally want to create a Standard Windows

installation, and Rufus will automatically detect the correct
Partition Scheme based on your device, so keep the default
settings as they are. However, you can also change these if you
want.

Step 5: Give the Volume label a name of your choice, or leave it

as it is, and once again leave the default settings for File system
and Cluster size. Now click Start.
Once you’ve got these ready, just follow these steps to make your own bootable USB:

Step 6: ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
___________________.

Step 7: Once Rufus has finished creating the ISO Image on the
USB, you can close it and your bootable USB is ready to go!
 Assessment
Answer the Following Questions;
1. What is the difference between BIOS and UEFI?

2. Why we need to utilize 8gb and above capacity of flash drive

in creating Bootable USB Drive using Rufus?

3. Site at least 2 designs of UEFI that has overcome the

limitations of the old BIOS?
 Assignments
At home research and have an advance reading on how to install windows 7

operating system using Bootable USB Drive.

THANKS FOR
LISTENING