TERM 2 Chapter 8 Topical Revision

TERM 2
TOPICAL REVISION
CHAPTER 8
TRANSPORT
1.
2.
P Q
3.
4.
5. Which statement about transport in
plants is not true?
A. The high root pressure will cause
transpiration pull.
B. The Casparian strip forms a barrier that
forces water to pass by the symplast
pathway.
C. When the root pressure is very high, it
forces water into the leaves & causes
guttation.
D. In the apoplast pathway, water diffuses
into the roots between the walls of the
root epidermal cells.
6. The flow of lymph & vein blood are
dependent on
A. the two way valves of both vessels.

B. the pumping action of the heart.
C. the contraction of lymphatic & blood
vessels.
D. the contraction of skeletal muscles &
the differences in thoracic pressure due
to respiratory movement.
7.
8. Which statement is true about the
Casparian strip in plant roots?
A. It increases the surface area for

absorption of minerals.
B. It is situated at the walls between
endodermal & cortex cells.
C. It provides energy for active transport
of minerals into the stele from the cortex.
D. It ensures that water & dissolved
substances pass through cells before
entering the stele.
9. Which of the following occurs during
ventricular systole?
A. Tricuspid valve opens.

B. Blood is pumped into the aorta.
C. Lowest pressure of the heart is
produced.
D. Oxygenated blood flows into the right
atrium.
10. Which statement is not true of
cohesion-tension hypothesis?
A. The water potential of air is less
negative than that of xylem.
B. Water loss is the driving force for the
movement of water molecules.
C. The physical forces of the capillary in
xylem cells enable it to overcome
gravity.
D. Cohesion represents the tendency for
water molecules to stick together by
hydrogen bonds.
11.
12.
13.
14. Which are true of myocardial
infarction?
I Arterial wall hardens
II Known as 'heart muscle death'
III Blood supply to the heart is
insufficient
IV A condition in which a blood vessel
bursts in the brain
A. I and II B. I and IV
C. II and III D. III and IV
15.
16. Which hypothesis is best supported by the
evidence below?
I Accumulation of photosynthate causes
more negative water potential in the cells
of the leaves.
II Water in xylem enters these cells.
III The roots have a less negative water
potential due to the utilization of the
photosynthate.
A. The mass flow hypothesis

B. Electro-osmosis hypothesis
C. Peristaltic waves hypothesis
D. Cytoplasmic streaming hypothesis
17.
18.
19. Which is not a cardiovascular
disease?
A. Arthritis
B. Arteriosclerosis
C. Atherosclerosis
D. Hypertension
20. Several steps in the impulse transmission of a
cardiac cycle are given below.
I The impulse travels down the Purkinje fibres
II The ventricular contraction begins from the
apex upwards.
III The atrioventricular node receives the
impulse transmission.
IV The impulses from the sinoatrial node are
relayed to both atria causing atrial contraction.
Which sequence of events in impulse transmission
of a cardiac cycle is correct?
A. I, IV, III, II B. II, IV, III, I
C. III, I, II, IV D. IV, III, I, II
21. Which are true of the atrioventricular
node?
I It is located between the two atria.

II It acts as a primary pacemaker.
III It speeds up the transmission of
impulse.
IV It transmits impulse to the Purkinje
fibres.
C. II and III D. II and IV
22. The risk factors which are associated
with the development of diseases are
given below.
I Gout
II Diabetes mellitus
III Elevated oestrogen level
IV Elevated cholesterol level
Which are the risk factors associated with

cardiovascular diseases?
23. What is able to trigger the contraction
of cardiac muscle?
A. Purkinje fibre
B. Sinoatrial node
C. Autonomous nerve
D. Atrioventricular node
24. The factor that does not influence
water absorption in plants is
A. soil aeration
B. air humidity
C. air temperature
D. soil water potential
25. Which statement is true of
transpirational pull?
A. It is an active process.
B. It causes the girth of the tree trunk to
expand.
C. It is not affected by the morphology of
the leaf.
D. Its mechanism depends on the
negative pressure generated in the leaf.
26.
26.
27. Which blood vessel supplies oxygen
& nutrients directly to the
myocardium?
A. Aorta
B. Coronary artery
C. Pulmonary vein
D. Pulmonary artery
28. What happens when the ventricles of
the heart contract?
I The semi-lunar valves open.

II The semi-lunar valves close.
III The atrioventricular valves open.
IV The atrioventricular valves close.
A. I and III B. I and IV

B. II and III D. II and IV
29. Which condition causes the closing
of a stoma?
A. The influx of potasssium ions into the

guard cells.
B. The increase in the concentration of
glucose in the guard cells.
C. The decrease in the concentration of
CO2 in the guard cells.
D. The increase in the concentration of
abscissic acid when the plants are
exposed to stress.
30. Which are true of the sinoatrial node?
I It is situated at the posterior wall of the

right atrium.
II It acts as the pacemaker.
III It can start the contraction of the
atrium & ventricle almost simultaneously.
IV It causes the contraction of the left &
right ventricles almost simultaneously.
C. II and III D. III and IV
31. Which of the following events occur
during ventricular systole?
Semilunar
Tricuspid valve Bicuspid valve
valves
A Open Open Close
B Close Close Open
C Open Close Close
D Close Open Open
32. The opening of the semilunar valves
at the aorta occurs during
A. atrial systole
B. atrial diastole
C. ventricular systole
D. ventricular diastole
33. Which of the following statements about the
control of heart beat is true?
A. The secretion of adrenaline increases the heart

beat rate.
B. The decrease in blood pH inhibits neurons in
the chemoreceptors at the aorta & carotid artery.
C. The propagation of impulse through the
sympathetic nerve towards the sinoatrial &
atrioventricular nodes decreases the heart beat
rate.
D. The propagation of impulse through the
parasympathetic nerve towards the sinoatrial &
atrioventricular nodes increases the heart beat
rate.
34. Which of the following is true of the
atrioventricular nerve?
A. It acts as a pacemaker.
B. It initiates atrial systole.
C. It initiates ventricular systole.
D. It is controlled by the cardiovascular
centre.
35. Which of the following is the role of
the Casparian strip in the endodermis
cells of the root?
A. To carry out active transport.

B. To strengthen the root structure.
C. To ensure that the water loss through
transpiration can be replaced.
D. To ensure that the water & minerals
enter the vascular tissue via the
symplastic route.
36. Which of the following have
osmoreceptors to detect changes in
osmotic pressure in the blood?
I Aorta
II Carotid sinus
III Hypothalamus
A. I and II B. I and III

C. II and III D. I, II and III
37. Which of the following statements are
true about the Casparian strip?
I It covers the whole endodermis cell.
II It consists of suberin which is
impermeable to water.
III It is a thickening strip of endodermis
cells.
IV It ensures that water crosses the root
through the apoplast pathway only.
38.
39. Which of the following explain how
water molecules are transported in the
root?
I Through vacuole
II Through apoplast pathway
III Through symplast pathway
IV Mass flow mechanism
V Protoplasm flow mechanism
A. I, II and III B. I, III and V

C. I, IV and V D. II, III and IV
40.
41. Which of the following factors cause
stomata to open?
I Light
II Inadequate water supply
III Moderate temperature
IV Low CO2 concentration
A. I, II and III B. I, II and IV

C. I, III and IV D. II, III and IV
42. In a study of the movement of
substances in plants, aphids were used.
The study showed that
A. translocation is a two-way process.

B. translocation occurred electro-
osmotically.
C. the phloem was responsible for the
transportation of organic substances.
D. the xylem was responsible for the
transportation of water & minerals.
43.
44. The following structures are found in
the heart.
I Bundle of His
II Purkinje tissue
III Atrioventricular node
IV Sinoatrial node
What is the sequence of impulse flow?
A. III, IV, I, II B. III, IV, II, I

C. IV, III, I, II D. IV, III, II, I
45. Which of the following statements is
true about hypertension?
I Hypertension is caused by
arteriosclerosis.
II Hypertension causes gout.
III A diet rich in fats & cholesterol can
cause hypertension.
IV Smoking increases the frequency of
hypertension.
A. II and IV B. III and IV

C. I, II and III D. I, III and IV
ANSWERS
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. D
9. B 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A
17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A
25. B 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C
33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. C 38. C 39. A 40. B
41. C 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
STPM 2017 (R)

16. A type of transport process
which occurs in plants is shown in
the diagram.
(a) Identify tissues W and X. [2]
(b) Name the process that occurs in
Y. [1]
(c) Name the process of sucrose movement
from Y to X. [1]
(d) Explain how sucrose is transported
from P to Q. [3]
STPM 2015 (R)
16.
The movement of water & dissolved minerals from one cell

to another in plant roots are represented by R, S and T
pathways as shown in the diagram.
(a) Identify pathways R, S and T. [3]
(b) Describe pathway S. [2]
(c) Identify one process that enables the movement of
dissolved minerals in pathways R, S and T. [1]
(d) State two significance of Casparian strip in endodermis
to prevent the movements of water & ions through
pathway R. [2]
STPM 2014
16. The pressure changes in the left
side of the heart during the cardiac
cycle in a human are shown in
the diagram.
(a)(i) What happens at points V and W? [2]
(ii) What is the significance of the event at point
V? [1]
(b) What does line X represent? [1]
(c) Describe how ventricular systole is established.
[3]
ESSAY QUESTIONS
STPM 2018
18(a) Describe the movement of water in root

tissues through apoplast, symplast &
vacuolar pathways.
[6]
(b) Describe how cohesion-tension theory

& transpirational pull facilitate water
transport in plants.
[4]
STPM 2017
18(a) Describe how a high cholesterol diet

increases the risk of cardiovascular
diseases. [11]
(b) What are the consequences towards

human internal transport if the function of
the lymphatic system is impaired?
[4]
STPM 2015
18(a) Upon returning from a vacation, you

noticed that your potted plant had
wilted. Explain this observation by
relating to the cohesion-tension theory
of water movement in plants.
[10]
STPM 2013(R)
18(a) Explain the importance of

transpiration in plants. [5]
(b) Explain how root pressure &

transpiration pull are involved in water
transport mechanism of plants.
[10]
STPM 2013
18(a) Describe the development of

atherosclerosis, and how it may lead to
myocardial infarction.
[9]
(b) Describe the movement of fluid

between blood & interstitial fluid. [6]

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TERM 2

A. the two way valves of both vessels.

A. It increases the surface area for

A. Tricuspid valve opens.

A. The mass flow hypothesis

I It is located between the two atria.

Which are the risk factors associated with

I The semi-lunar valves open.

A. I and III B. I and IV

A. The influx of potasssium ions into the

I It is situated at the posterior wall of the

A. The secretion of adrenaline increases the heart

A. To carry out active transport.

A. I and II B. I and III

A. I, II and III B. I, III and V

A. I, II and III B. I, II and IV

A. translocation is a two-way process.

What is the sequence of impulse flow?

A. III, IV, I, II B. III, IV, II, I

A. II and IV B. III and IV

9. B 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A

17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A

25. B 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C

33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. C 38. C 39. A 40. B

41. C 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D

STPM 2017 (R)

The movement of water & dissolved minerals from one cell

18(a) Describe the movement of water in root

(b) Describe how cohesion-tension theory

18(a) Describe how a high cholesterol diet

(b) What are the consequences towards

18(a) Upon returning from a vacation, you

18(a) Explain the importance of

(b) Explain how root pressure &

18(a) Describe the development of

(b) Describe the movement of fluid

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