Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece
What that we are going to learn about Ancient Greece

Archaic Classical Hellenistic
When?
Where? Economy
Ancient Wars
Mythology Greece (Termopilas,
Salamina…)
Art
Alexander Politics (origin
the Great of democracy)
1) Draw a timeline with the three different phases of Ancient Greece.
In the Iron Age First Greco-Persian War (490 BC)
Greek 2nd Greco-Persian War (480 BC)

Colonisation
Peloponnesian War (431 – 404 BC)
Archaic Period Classical Period Hellenistic Period
800 BC 490 BC 336 BC 30 BC
Beginning of the Hellenistic

kingdoms (323 BC)
Importance Death of Alexander the Great (323 BC)

of the Poleis
Conquest of all Greece, Egypt, Middle East,
Mesopotamia, Persia and India
First Olympic
Games Alexander the Great rules in Greece (336 BC)
Archaic Period
2) Where did the Greek civilisation develop?
The Greek civilisation developed in the Balkan peninsula, the islands
of the Aegean sea and in Asia Minor (western coast of the Anatolian
Peninsula).
3) What were the Poleis?
The Poleis (plural) were independent city-states that shared a
common language and religion.
Note: Polis (singular), Poleis (plural)
4) How did the Greeks make a living?
The Greeks worked in agriculture (olives, wheat and vineyards),
livestock farming and fishing. They were also excellent traders.
Greek Colonization Map of Greek Colonies
5) Why did Greeks migrate?
During the archaic period Greeks migrated because of the scarcity of land
and the poor living conditions of many peasants.
6) Where did the Greeks found colonies?

Greeks founded colonies in:
• Southern Italy and Sicily (Magna Grecia)
• Massalia (Marsella) in France
• Iberian Peninsula (Rhode Emporiae, Hemeroscopium)
• Coastal areas of the Black Sea.
7)What did the Greeks introduce in the colonies?
Greeks introduced:
• Potter's wheel
• Iron work
• Currency (money)
• Alphabet and writing
• Vineyards and olives
Classical Period
8) Explain the Greco-Persian Wars.
The Greco-Persian Wars were in the beginning of the Classical
period (490 B.C., beginning of the 5th century), the opponents
were the Persians (Maedis) and the Greeks. The reason was
that the Persians wanted to invade and control the Greeks.
Finally the Greeks won the conflict in the battles of
Thermopylae and Salamis (480 BC)
Extra Information
Thanks to the Greco-Persian Wars many citizens of the Greek
Poleis are going to ask for more political rights and this is how
democracy started.
The Greco-Persian Wars also mark the beginning of the Classical
Period.
Battle of Thermopylae
(Termópilas)
(480 BC)
Battle of
Salamis
(salamina)
480 BC
9) Where and when did democracy develop?
Democracy developed in Athens in the 5th century B.C.
10) What was Democracy and when did it appear?

Democracy was a political system where only citizens
could vote and it appeared in the classical period in the
5th century B.C.
11) Who could and who couldn’t participate in the

Athenian democracy?
Citizens could participate in politics (male citizens) and
women, metics (foreigners) and slaves couldn't
participate in politics.
How was Democracy in Athens
12) When was the Athens's Golden Age?
Athens Golden Age was in the 5th century B.C.
Extra Information
During the Athens's Golden Age we can find great
personalities such as Pericles (politician), Socrates, Plato and
Aristotle (philosophers), sculptors such as Phidias, Myron,
Polykleitos and theatre writers such as Aeschylus (Esquilo),
Sophocles (Sófocles), Euripides, Aristophanes (Aristófanes).
Sophocles
Pericles Plato
13) Explain the Peloponnesian War.
The Peloponnesian war took place between at the end of the 5th
century (430 to 404 B.C.)
The opponents were Sparta and Athens.
The reason was the rivalry between Sparta and Athens because
they wanted to control all Greece.
The Spartans finally won the conflict but all Greece was destroyed.
Extra Information
The Peloponnesian war will mean the end of the Classical
period. After this wars a new region will control all Greece
(Macedonia) and this will be the end of the independent
poleis and the beginning of the Hellenistic period.
The
Peloponnesian
War
Hellenistic Period
14) Who was Alexander the Great and why was he so famous?
He was the son of Philip II, king of Macedonia.
He became king when he was 20 years old and he created an
empire from Greece to Asia.
Extra Information
Did you know that the personal teacher of Alexander was the famous philosopher
Aristotle.
15) What great empire did he confront and defeat?
He confronted and defeated the Persian Empire.
16) What territories did Alexander control?
The territories that Alexander controlled were Macedonia,
Greece, Asia Minor, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia and Indus Valley.
17) What happened when Alexander died?
When Alexander the Great died the Empire was divided
into different kingdoms, called the Hellenistic kingdoms.
Extra Information
During the Hellenistic period there was an incredible
promotion of Arts and Science.
We have incredible scientists such as Euclid (Euclides),
Archimedes, Hippocrates, Hypatia…
And there were great advances in mathematics, astronomy,
medicine, biology…
An example of these advances is the Antikythera

mechanism, an incredible machine whose functions and
mysteries have been discovered recently.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WN8uUl4rbkE
(You have more videos about it in the webpage)
Greek Art
18) What are the three orders of Greek architecture? (Make
a drawing of each one)
• The three orders of Greek architecture are Doric, Ionic
and Corinthian (Dórico, Jónico y Corintio)
19) What are the three periods of Greek sculpture?
• Archaic Period: The figures were very static. Lack of movement
and feelings
• Classical Period: 5th and 4th centuries B.C. There is movement, but
in a balanced way, without tensions. The face shows serenity.
• Hellenistic Period: (4th – 1st century B.C.). There is an exaggerated
movement and faces show dramatic emotions.
Extra Information
Did you know that
Greek sculptures and
buildings were painted
with bright colours?
Kouros Kore
(Egyptian Sculpture)
Archaic Period (Tríada Micerinos)
Phidias, relief of the Parthenon
Polykleitos (Polícleto)
Doryphoros
Classical Period
The Acropolis of Athens
Hellenistic Period
Laocoon and his sons

Venus de Milo

Ancient Greece

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Ancient Greece

What that we are going to learn about Ancient Greece

Greek 2nd Greco-Persian War (480 BC)

Archaic Period Classical Period Hellenistic Period

800 BC 490 BC 336 BC 30 BC

Beginning of the Hellenistic

Importance Death of Alexander the Great (323 BC)

6) Where did the Greeks found colonies?

10) What was Democracy and when did it appear?

11) Who could and who couldn’t participate in the

An example of these advances is the Antikythera

Laocoon and his sons

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