Environmental Pollution and Control Measures
Environmental Pollution and Control Measures
Environmental Pollution and Control Measures
POLLUTION AND
CONTROL MEASURES
GROUP FOUR
PRESENTATION
Members of group four
• NAME REG. NO.
1. LUKYAMUZI GONZAGA 2022-M313-21467
2. SSEBAGALA SAMUEL 2022-M313-21476
3. NAMUBIRU FLORAH 2022-M312-31481
4. NENSI CHRISTINA 2022-M312-21790
5. OTIM GADAFI 2022-M312-21789
6. WABUTWA PETER 2022-M313-21469
DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
POLLUTION
Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise.
Hence, pollution is the influence of any substance that disturbs, harm, or
makes organism uneasy.
NDEBBA KAMPALA CITY
What is taking place in Kampala we can
see how the environment has been
contaminated
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
LAND POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
NATEETE KAMPALA
Cont.….
• Water pollution is a major health issue, with more people dying from
unsafe water than from war and violence combined. We can actually
access less than 1% of the freshwater on the planet. By 2050, when the
world's demand for freshwater is anticipated to be one-third higher
than it is now, the problems are only going to get worse if nothing is
done (National Resource Development college Zambia, may 14th , 2018)
WATER POLLUTION CAN CAUSE
DEATH OF ORGANISMS
The effects are severe, water is able to
dissolve many substances.
These substances easily enter the human
body if the tainted water is consumed.
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION
Industrial waste
Inorganic pollutants
Organic pollutants e.g.
Agricultural pollutants
Municipal waste water
(Kampala metropolitan)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE
• They include various metals in the form of tiny particles, along with
• Chemical fertilizers and pesticides have become essential for present day
high yielding crops
• Excess fertilizers may reach the ground water by leaching or may be mixed
with surface water of rivers, lakes and ponds by runoff and drainage.
Pic. Showing how fertilizers mix with running
water hence causing water pollution (Lwera –
Lukaya)
MARINE POLLUTION
• Oceans are the final sink of all natural and manmade pollutants.
• Rivers discharge their pollutants into the sea .
• The sewage and garbage of costal cities are also dumped into the sea.
• The other sources include; discharges of oils, grease, detergents, and
radioactive wastes from ships.
Sample of marine pollution in
Uganda(lake Victoria, Mulungo)
THERMAL POLUTION
The main source of thermal pollution are the thermal and nuclear power
plants. The power generating plants uses water as coolants and release
hot water into the original source. Sudden rise in temperature kills fish
• Water pollution can have devastating consequences, the following are the effects of
water pollution;
Water pollution drastically affects human health; in fact, it kills. A study revealed
that waterborne illnesses caused 1.8 million deaths world wide in 2015 alone (Lin,
Yang and Xu, 2022).
Toxic elements dissolve in water can make their way to humans through fish or
other aquatic organisms.
Control measures of water pollution
• Proper Disposal of Toxic Chemicals.
• Proper disposal of Fat and Grease Down the Drain
• Use of Phosphate-Free Detergent and Dish Cleaner
• Proper Disposal of Medical Waste Properly (recycling,
incinerators)
• Planting trees to control storm water pollution
Cont.….
• A substance in the air that can harm human and the environment is
known as an air pollutant.
Air Pollution in Kampala city
Cont.…
Primary pollutants:
• These are pollutants that that directly cause air pollution i.e. smoke from
Secondary pollutants:
• WHO guidelines aims to reduce ail pollution related death by 15% a year.
• Cap and trade is a system to limit emissions, with companies that exceed
their cap having to pay, while those that polluted less than their cap can
• Land pollution is the demolition of the earth’s land surfaces often caused
• Constructions
• Agriculture
• Domestic waste
• Industrial waste
CONSTRUCTION
• Take away the place for animals and other organisms to live.
Pic. Showing construction
AGRICULTURE
• As there are more and people inhabiting the earth, food is in higher
demand and so forests are chopped down and turned into farm land.
• Tons of domestic waste is dumped every day. Some waste from homes,
offices and industries can be recycled or burnt in incinerators.
• World health organization stated that “noise must be recognized as a major threat
to human well-being”
Sources of noise pollution
• Loud speakers, plumbing, boilers, generators, air conditioners, funs, and vacuum
add to the existing noise pollution.
• Industrial noise also add to the already unfavorable state of noise pollution.
• Transportation systems are the main source of noise pollution in urban areas.
• Construction of buildings, highways, and streets cause a lot of noise, due to the usage
of air compressors, bulldozers, loaders, dump trucks, and pavement breakers.
EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION
• It can cause memory loss, severe depression, and panic attacks.
• High blood pressure, stress related illness, sleep disruption, hearing loss, and
productivity loss are the problem related to noise pollution.
• Social awareness programs should be taken up to educate the public about the causes
and effects of noise pollution.
• Workers should be provided with equipments such as earmuffs for hearing protection.
• Regular servicing and turning of automobiles can effectively reduce the noise pollution.
• Planting bushes and tress in the round sound generating sources is an effective solution
for noise pollution.
Cont.…
• Sound proof doors and windows can be installed to block unwanted noise from
outside.
• Factories and industries should be re- located from the residential area.
WAYS TO STOP POLLUTION
• The residents of the country should also try and do their part and
recycling.
Methods used to teach students and
community about dangers of pollution
• Illustration such as mass teaching of people on big screens and projectors on
the damages caused by pollution in different parts of the world.
• Explanation:
This is done by telling people on all the possible dangers of all human activities
that pose a great threat to the air hence leading to disastrous moments of living
such as global warming, famine and many other likely dangers of air pollution.
Cont.….