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Data and Database Management: John Christopher V. Reguindin, MIS

This document discusses data, databases, and knowledge management. It defines data as raw facts or values, and information as processed data that provides useful context. Knowledge is understood as processed information and patterns understood from data. A database is defined as an organized collection of information that can be easily accessed and managed. The main types of databases discussed are relational, distributed, cloud, NoSQL, object-oriented, and graph databases. Knowledge management aims to effectively use organizational knowledge assets to achieve business goals like innovation and performance improvement.

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John Christopher Reguindin
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60 views

Data and Database Management: John Christopher V. Reguindin, MIS

This document discusses data, databases, and knowledge management. It defines data as raw facts or values, and information as processed data that provides useful context. Knowledge is understood as processed information and patterns understood from data. A database is defined as an organized collection of information that can be easily accessed and managed. The main types of databases discussed are relational, distributed, cloud, NoSQL, object-oriented, and graph databases. Knowledge management aims to effectively use organizational knowledge assets to achieve business goals like innovation and performance improvement.

Uploaded by

John Christopher Reguindin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 37

Data and

Database
Management
John Christopher V. Reguindin, MIS
Faculty
STI-West Negros University
WHAT IS
DATA?
DATA

- Raw facts or raw values


- A number, statement, image, or video
that may represent specific data
DATA
3, 6, 9, 12

Cat, dog, gerbil, rabbit, cockatoo


161.2, 175.3, 166.4, 169.3
Qualitative Data

Qualitative or categorical data describes


the object under consideration using a
finite set of discrete classes.
Nominal Data
The values
grouped into
these categories
have no
meaningful order
and no hierarchy. https://images.app.goo.gl/NHDWDx5rYJAGgJUF9
Ordinal Data
These types of
values have a
natural ordering
while maintaining
their class of values.
For example,
ranking of student’s
grade.
WHAT IS
QUANTITATIVE
DATA?
Quantitative Data
This data type tries to
quantify things and it does
by considering numerical
values that make it countable
in nature.

https://images.app.goo.gl/Bmss4MiDEdH9B1DQ6
Types of Quantitative Data
DISCRETE CONTINOUS

• No. of eggs in a basket


• No. of kids in a class • Wind speed
• No. of Facebook likes • Water temperature
• No. of wins in a season • Volts of electricity
• No. of votes in an • Age of a man
election
WHAT IS
INFORMATION?
INFORMATION
- Processed data that provide useful context
- It refers to the collection of data, such as
words, numbers, images, or graphics
- Answers the What, Who, When, and
Where?
INFORMATION
1. 3, 6, 9, and 12 are the first four answers in the 3
x 4 table.

2. Cats, a dog, a gerbil, a rabbit, and a cockatoo


are household pets.

3. 161.2, 175.3, 166.4, 164.7, and 169.3 are the


heights of 15-year-old students.
WHAT IS
KNOWLEDGE?
KNOWLEDGE
- processed information and understanding
the patterns and their implications of data
and information (Uriarte, 2008)
EXPLICIT KNOWLEDGE
- The acquisition by a person of information such as
facts, or the understanding of information such as
how to solve problems

- This knowledge can be easily passed on to others.


Most forms of explicit knowledge can be stored in
certain media like documents, books, computers,
etc
EXPLICIT KNOWLEDGE
- Knowing That

- The acquisition by a person of information such as facts, or


the understanding of information such as how to solve
problems

- This knowledge can be easily passed on to others. Most


forms of explicit knowledge can be stored in certain media
like documents, books, computers, etc
TACIT KNOWLEDGE
- Knowing How

- Knowledge that is difficult to pass on to someone


else, such as knowing how to do something

- This knowledge is difficult to pass on to another


person.
KNOWLEDGE
WHAT IS
WISDOM?
WISDOM
- is what the subject eventually comes to after having
worked with information for a long time and having
received a sufficient amount of knowledge.

- Knowledge applied in Action


KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT
Knowledge Management

- The interdisciplinary process of creating, using,


sharing, and maintaining an organization’s
information and knowledge
Knowledge Management
- It is a multi-faceted strategy for making the best use of
organizational knowledge assets in order to achieve
business objectives such as

1. Enhancing competitive advantage,


2. Improving performance,
3. Boosting innovation,
4. Sharing insights, and
5. Continuously improving the organization.
Four (4) Knowledge Management
objectives:
1. Improving the knowledge capture process
2. Streamlining and enhancing the knowledge
environment
3. Increasing access to organizational knowledge
4. Maintaining knowledge as an organizational asset
What is a
Database?
Database
an organized collection of information that
can be easily accessed, managed, and
updated
Types of Database
 Relational Database
 Distributed Database
 Cloud Database
 NoSQL Database
 Object Oriented Database
 Graph Database
Relational Database
- A relational database is a tabular database in
which data is defined so that it can be
reorganized and accessed in a number of
different ways.

- Made up of a set of tables with data that fits


into a predefined category. Each table has at
least one data category in the columns.
Distributed Database
- A database in which portions of
the database are stored in
multiple physical locations

- The hardware, operating


systems or database
applications in a heterogeneous
distributed database may be
different in every location.
Cloud Database
- A database that has been
optimized or built for a
virtualized environment, either
in a hybrid cloud, public cloud,
or private cloud.

- Provides benefits such as the


ability to pay for storage
capacity and bandwidth on a
per-use basis
NoSQL Database
- Useful for large sets of
distributed data

- Effective for big data


performance issues that
relational databases aren’t
built to solve
Object-Oriented Database
- Items created using object-
oriented programming
languages are often stored in
relational database.

- An object-oriented database
is organized around objects
rather than actions, and data
rather than logic.
Graph Database
- A type of NoSQL database
that uses graph theory to
store, map, and query
relationships

- A collection of nodes and


edges, where each node
represents an entity, and
each edge represents a
https://images.app.goo.gl/M7s5bTSH89AGSCg2A

connection between nodes


THANK YOU
AND
GODBLESS

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