The

Kartilya
EMILIO JACINTO
Background of the Author
•He is considered as the “Brain of the
Katipunan”.

•He was born in the district of Trozo

in Tondo, Manila on December 15,
1875.

•He was the son of Mariano Jacinto, a

book keeper, and Josefa Dizon, a
midwife.
* Born in Trozo, Manila
on December 15, 1875
•He finished his elementary in a
private school; his secondary
education in Colegio de San Juan de
Letran; and he studied law at the
University of Sto. Tomas.

•He did not finish his law because the

Philippine Revolution started in 1896.
• Private School of Maestro Ferrer
• Jose Dizon enrolled him at the
College of San Juan de Letran for
his Bachelor of Art

Main Entrance (ca.1880)

• Studied Law at the
University of Santo
Tomas

The old UST campus

(Intramuros)
•He joined the Kataastaasang Kagalang-
galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan
(KKK) at the age of 18.

•He had a symbolic name of “Pingkian” and a

pen-name of “Dimas Ilaw”.
•He was the youngest member of the Katipunan. At
the age of 19, he was given the tasks of a fiscal, a
secretary, and an editor of the official organ of the
Katipunan, the Kalayaan.
•Also, he was the director of the printing shop and
library of the Katipunan.

•He was proclaimed as generalissimo of the north

(Punong Hukbo sa Hilagaan) by Bonifacio in 1897.
•As an adviser of the Supremo, he furnished
Bonifacio with weapons, money, printing materials
and musical compositions.
• Editor of the newspaper
“KALAYAAN”
Director of the Printing Shop and Library of
the Katipunan

Library contained treatises on tactics and

weaponry; French Revolution and works of
demagogues Library of the University of Santo Tomás in Manila, 1887
Emilio Jacinto Seal as Punong
Hukbo of KKK forces in Manila,
Morong, Bulacan & Nueva Ecija
(late 1896 - early 1897)
•May 10, 1897, when Bonifacio died in Cavite, Emilio
Jacinto did not stop fighting against the Spaniards,
but he was captured in a battle in Magdalena,
Laguna.
•He deceived the Spanish soldiers that he was a spy
for the Spaniards when he showed a military pass
that he got from the man he killed in a battle.
•His spirit of patriotism continued even
against the American colonizers.
•Unfortunately, he contracted malaria in his
headquarter in Majayjay, Laguna where he died on
April 16, 1899.
• Died from Malaria on April 16, 1899
(23 years old)
• Literary Works (mostly in Tagalog)

Divided into three :

 Journalistic
 the Primer of the Katipunan
and;
 his still unpublished book
“Liwanag at Dilim”
• His literary influences
Historical Background of
the Document
Aside from ill-treatment experiences felt by
katipuneros under the Spanish rule, there were other
influencing factors causing the creation of
Katipunan and the conceptualization of Kartilya.
 Background of the Document
• Enlightenment in Europe
• French Revolution
• Coming of Masonry in the Philippines
• Propaganda Movement
• La Liga and The Cuerpo de Compromisarios
1. Enlightenment in Europe
• Immanuel Kant summed the definition of
enlightenment in the following terms: "Dare to know!
Have courage to use your own reason!“

•Enlightened rationality gave way to the rise of

Romanticism. By the 19th-century it pave its way to
Liberalism and Classicism then in the 20th-century,
Modernism.

•During this period, secret societies like the

Freemasons, the Bavarian Illuminati, the Rosicrucian
—flourished. Coffeehouses, newspapers and literary
salons emerged as new venues for ideas to circulate.
2. French Revolution

•The French Revolution of 1789 was the

culmination of the High Enlightenment vision
of throwing out the old authorities to remake
society along rational lines.

•A legacy of the Age of Enlightenment, the

motto "Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité" inspired
the French Revolution.
• The ideas of enlightenment and the
French Revolution inspired the Ilustrados in
Europe and in the island. These two events
in the globe encouraged the Filipinos to take
up a stand for reforms and later
independence. Books from Europe easily
reached the Philippines thru the Suez Canal
and thus this leads to the spread of the idea
of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
3. Coming of Masonry in the Philippines

•In 1856, Freemasonry was introduced in the

Philippines, however, native Filipinos were not
allowed to join the organization.

•In 1889, Graciano Lopez-Jaena organized the

Logia Revolución in Barcelona thru the support
of Grande Oriente Español hence the root of
true Philippine Masonry.
• Pedro Serrano Laktaw, with the help of
Moises Salvador (initiated in Madrid) and
Jose A. Ramos (initiated in London),
organized Logia Nilad and it was approved
by the Grande Oriente Español as Logia
Nilad No 144 on March 20, 1892.

• As the Fraternity grew, the Spanish

friars were alarmed and therefore
branded all Masons as insurrectos.
Masons were arrested, tortured,
exiled. These event became the
voice for freedom and democracy.
• Most of the prominent personalities in the
Katipunan were members of the Masonry.
The influence of this fraternity to the
members were very evident in the Kartilya
written by Emilio Jacinto.

•During the revolution, the Spanish Friars

believed that the root of all the problems was
Masonry and Katipunan. Katipunan as
considered by the friars as “Huwad sa
Masonerya.”
• Jesuit Francisco Foradada wrote in his book that
Filipino filibusterism (subversion) was not the son of
righteousness, morality or justice; but of Masonry –
the enemy of God.
4. Propaganda Movement
• The death of Gomburza in 1872 awakened
strong feelings of anger and resentment
among the Filipinos. They questioned
Spanish authorities and demanded reforms.
The Filipino ilustrados aimed for reforms and
so they created a systematic movement and
they used a peaceful means of battling the
Spanish government called the Propaganda
Movement.
• The writings produced by the Propaganda
Movement inspired Andres Bonifacio and other
radicals to establish the Katipunan and set the
Philippine Revolution in place
5. La Liga and the Cuerpo de
Compromisarios
• In 1892, Jose Rizal arrived home and with
the support of the Masonic Leaders, he
established the La Liga Filipina. However, he
was arrested and soon deported to Dapitan.
• Andres Bonifacio and other members of
Logia Taliba saw Rizal’s deportation as a
sign that reforms were no longer attainable.
Before the revival of the Liga, Andres
Bonifacio had conceptualized a new secret
society called the Katipunan to advocate
separation from Spain. Thus, Katipunan was
established on July 7, 1892.
• On April 3, 1893, Andres Bonifacio of
Logia Taliba, Domingo Franco and
Apolinario Mabini, both of Logia Balagtas,
led the revival of the Liga Filipina.

•Six months after the Liga’s revival two

factions emerged: one that wanted to
continue the society’s aim of peaceful
reforms, and another which advocated the
overthrow of the colonial government. In
October of 1893, the Liga was dissolved.
•Mabini and other moderates formed the
Cuerpo de Compromisarios, they tried to
continue sending funds to finance the
Propaganda Movement in Spain.
However, most of the members became
increasingly disappointed over the apathy
of the central government in Madrid.

•Some Filipinos were convinced that

separation from Spain was the only
alternative – some members united with
the radical movement - Katipunan of
Bonifacio, Arellano, Plata and other Logia
Taliba members.
Content Presentation
 The
Kartilya ng Katipunan
has 14 points.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan
1. A life that is not dedicated to a noble and
divine cause is like a tree without a shade,
if not, a poisonous weed

2. A deed that is motivated by

self-interest or self-pity and
done without sincerity lacks
nobility.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan

3. True piety is the act of being

charitable, loving one's fellowmen,
and being judicious in behavior,
speech and deed.

4. All [people] are equal, regardless

of the color of their skin; While one
could have more education, wealth
or beauty than the other, none of
them can overpass one's identity.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan

5. A person with a noble character

values honor above self-interest, while a
person with a base character values self-
interest above honor.

6. To a [person] that respects,

his/her word is a pledge.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan
7. Do not waste your time; lost wealth
can be retrieved, but time lost is lost
forever.

8. Defend the oppressed and fight

the oppressor.

9. A wise man is someone who

is careful in all that he says;
learn to keep the things that
need to be kept secret.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan
10. In the thorny path of life, the man leads the
way and his wife and children follow; If the leader
goes the way of evil, so do the followers.

11. Never regard a woman as an object for

you to trifle with; rather you should consider
her as a partner and a friend in times of
need; Give proper considerations to a
woman's frailty and never forget that your
own mother, who brought you forth and
nurtured you from infancy, is herself such a
person.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan
12. Don't do to the wife, children and
brothers and sisters of others what
you do not want done to your wife,
children and brothers and sisters.

13. (A (person's) worth is not measured by

his/her station in life, neither by the height of his
nose nor the fairness of skin, and certainly not
by whether he is a priest claiming to be God's
deputy. Even if he is a tribesman/tribeswoman
from the hills and speaks only his/her own
tongue, a (person) is honorable if he/she
possesses a good character, is true to his/her
word, has fine perceptions and is loyal to his/her
native land.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan

14. When these teachings shall have been

propagated and the glorious sun of freedom
begins to shine on these poor islands to enlighten
a united race and people, then all the loves lost,
all the struggle and sacrifices shall not have been
in vain.
 Contributions to the Grand
Narrative of Philippine History
It serves as a guiding
principle.
It enhances sense of nationalism.
It advocates an anti- enslavement.
It promotes spread of liberal
ideas.
Hence, be someone that
can be a…
Relevance to Contemporary
Times
Kartilya is a source of moral beacon for self
transformation for the contemporary times. It can
be used as guide:
• To institutionalize good governance
among our government officials.

•To teach honor and dignity and

curtail corruption among politicians

•To inculcate generosity and

compassion among us

•To practice respect for women

and love for our family
References
• Agoncillo, T.A.(1993).The Revolutionists:Aguinaldo, Bonifacio
and Jacinto. Manila:NHI
• Dela Costa, H. (1992). Readings in Philippine History.
Bookmark, Inc. Makati City.
• Gripaldo, R.M.(Vol. XXVI, 2:1996-97). Ʃoɸɩα (Sophia): Journal
of Philosophy.Malate,Manila:De La Salle University Press, Inc.
• Richardson, J.(2013) The Light of Liberty:Documents and
Studies on the Katipunan, 1892-1897.Loyola Heights,Quezon
City:Ateneo de Manila Press.
• Schumacher, J. (1981). Revolutionary Clergy. Ateneo Press
Publication, Quezon City.
• Zaide, G.F. (1970). Great Filipinos in History: An Epic of
Filipino Greatness in War and Peace. Manila:Verde Book Store