National Meat Inspection Service

Engineering Section
Module III. The Meat Establishment: Environmental Management
 About the Presenter
ENGR. JON KNOX KASEY R. TKEL, MSCM, M.ASCE
Engineer III
• BS in Civil Engineering, Ateneo de Naga University
• MS in Construction Management, Polytechnic University of the Philippines
• Construction Occupational Safety and Health Officer
• Regular Member – Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE)
• Post- Earthquake Structural Responder
• Member – American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
• Member – ASCE Construction Institute
National Meat Inspection Service
Engineering Section
Overview
• Engineering Section: Roles and Responsibilities
• Governing Laws: Environment
• Environmental Management: Definition
• Environmental Management: Characteristics
• Environmental Management: Principles
• The Philippine Environmental Paradox
• Threats Due to Climate Change
• Vulnerability to Environmental Issues
• Environmental Impact
Engineering Section: Roles and
Responsibilities
• Responsible for the development and establishment of engineering
standards for meat establishments
• Develop and propose conceptual framework for the development of
engineering standards in consultation with the concerned NMIS
division, other product standard setting government agencies,
academe, concerned industry and other private entities.
• Provide technical assistance to local government units and private
entities on site selection, construction, renovation/upgrading
• Monitor the implementation and compliance to national standards
and environmental requirements.
Governing Laws: Environment
• Environmental Impact Assessment Law (PD 1586)
• Toxic Substances And Hazardous Waste Management Act (RA 6969)
• Clean Air Act Of 1999 (RA 8749)
• Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003)
• Clean Water Act (RA 9275)
• Environmental Awareness and Education Act Of 2009 (RA 9512)
Environmental Management: Definition
• Environment management is the process of allocating natural and
man-made resources as to make optimum use of the environment
in satisfying not only the existing basic human needs but of the
coming generations.
• This management implies an element of conscious choice from a
variety of alternative proposals and furthermore that such a choice
involves purposeful commitment for recognized and desired
objectives.
Environmental Management: Definition
• Environment management implies not only a mere management of
environment, but it is essentially the management of various
activities with intolerable constraints imposed by the environment
itself and with full consideration of ecological factors.
• Thus, it involves environmental planning, conservation of
resources, environmental status evaluation and environmental
legislation and administration.
Environmental Management: Definition
• The focus of environmental management is on implementation,
monitoring and auditing; on practice and coping with real-world
issues rather than theoretical planning.
Environmental Management: Characteristics
• It deals with world affected by human
• It supports sustainable development
• It demands a multidisciplinary approach
• It has to integrate different development view-points
• The time-scale involved extends the short term and concern ranges
from local to global
• It seeks to integrate natural and social science, policy making and
planning
Environmental
Framework
• An environmental framework is the

foundation to any analysis of the

energy-related environmental impact
of buildings. The environmental
framework provides a consistent and
comprehensive system for describing
the physical interactions arising
throughout the life cycle of buildings.
Environmental Management: Principles

1. Focus on aspects and impacts

2. Leadership and commitment from Senior Leadership
3. Engagement of people
4. Process approach to managing environmental aspects
5. Continuous improvement of the system
6. Evidence-based decision making
7. Relationship management
The Philippine Environmental Paradox
• The Philippine is blessed with abundant and unparalleled natural
wealth BUT is a site of so much poverty, tragedy and strife (CEC,
2012).
• What went wrong?
Rising economic and social disparities can be seen between those
who control the nation’s natural resources and those who do not.
Source: Confronting the Ecological Crisis: A situationer on Philippine environmental issues and struggles
Air Quality
Total suspended particulates (TSP)
level in Metro Manila: 193% mean,
304% max.
Increase in diesel consumption: 2.5%
CO2 emissions: ~1.2 tons/capita/year
Source: National Ecological
Situationer: A Framework for Analysis
Water
Quality

• Status of rivers: 11 dead out of 88 surveyed

• Municipal waters (within 3 naut mi): 85%
overfished
• Heavy metals in Manila Bay: copper, 50%;
mercury, 100%; zinc, 200%
• Coral reefs: only 5% in excellent condition
• Increase in fishery production: 0.72%
Land Condition

Declining forest cover:

1948, 50%; 1987, 23.7%; 1989; 21%;
1999, 18.3% (5.6 million ha)
Remaining old growth forest:
2.7% (800,000 ha)
Moderate/severe erosion:
45.6% (13.7 million ha)
Foreign mining applications:
27.5% (8.25 million ha)
Land Use and
Conversion
Rate of land conversion:
3,659 ha/year
Food security:
agriculture, 46.4% (13.9M ha);
rice, 10.7%
Fertilizer consumption:
135 kg/ha
Biodiversity

In 2008, Philippines ranked as

the 4th country in Asia Pacific
with the highest number of
threatened species, with 221
species of fauna and 526
species of flora considered as
threatened.
Threats Due to
Climate Change
• Temperature Rise. PAGASA notes an
observed increase of 0.57 degree Celsius in
the mean temperature from 1951-2009 (59
years)
• Changes in Rainfall Pattern. PAGASA noted
that certain provinces have experienced
significant increases in rainfall patterns from
1951-present.
• Sea level rise. rising temperatures cause
glaciers to melt and sea level to rise, making
archipelagic nations such as the Philippines
vulnerable to inundation and displacement.
Threats Due to
Climate Change
• Extreme weather events. Significant
increase in the maximum velocities of tropical
cyclones in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
was closely related to the rise in SST.
• More killer typhoons. Half of the top 20 worst
typhoons recorded by PAGASA and NDCC
from 1947 to 2009 happened from 1990 to
present.
• More killer landslides. According to the
MGB, up to 80% of the country’s total land
area is prone to landslides.
Vulnerability to Environmental Issues
• Food Security. Each year (from 1990-2006), the agricultural sector
incurred P12.43 billion worth of damages due to natural hazards:
70% by typhoons, 17.9% by drought and 5% by floods.
• Fisheries Production. Climate change threatens this by inducing
species migration, species depletion, algae blooms, and coral
bleaching which are all related to the warming of sea water.
• Water Availability. Caused by a combination of factors including
degraded watersheds, indiscriminate development projects, lack of
proper urban planning, poor water infrastructures, and
deterioration of water quality due to pollution.
Vulnerability to Environmental Issues
• Climate sensitive diseases. The WHO identified 5 major health
concerns related to climate change, especially in tropical countries:
malnutrition; cholera; diarrheal diseases; cardiovascular and
respiratory diseases; and, malaria and dengue outbreaks.
• Vulnerability of women and children. All humans are affected by
climate change impacts, but women and children have less
capacity to adapt because of existing economic and social
vulnerabilities
Total Environmental
Impact
• Increasing population, which required
more resources to meet the needs of more
people;
• Increasing affluence, expressed in terms
of the rate of consumption per capita,
which required even more resources to
meet the increasing needs and wants of
each individual; and
• Increasingly harmful technologies, which
increased the types and amounts of
pollutants and other damage associated
with each unit of commodity produced.
Question #1: RA 9003 is also known as?
a) Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste
Management Act
b) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
c) Clean Air Act Of 1999
d) None of the above
Question #1: RA 9003 is also known as?
a) Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste
Management Act
b) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
c) Clean Air Act Of 1999
d) None of the above
Question #2: Give two (2) threats due to
Climate Change
• Temperature Rise
• Changes in Rainfall Pattern
• Sea level rise
• Extreme weather events
• More killer typhoons
• More killer landslides
Question #3: In 2008, Philippines ranked as the ______ country in
Asia Pacific with the highest number of threatened species, with 221
species of fauna and 526 species of flora considered as threatened.

a) 2nd
b) 5th
c) 4th
d) 3rd
Question #3: In 2008, Philippines ranked as the ______ country in
Asia Pacific with the highest number of threatened species, with 221
species of fauna and 526 species of flora considered as threatened.

a) 2nd
b) 5th
c) 4th
d) 3rd
Question #4: The Environmental Management
has how many principles?
a) 8
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Question #4: The Environmental Management
Framework has how many components?
a) 8
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Question #5: RA 9512 is also known as
a) Clean Air Act Of 1999
b) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
c) Clean Water Act
d) Environmental Awareness and Education Act Of
2009
Question #5: RA 9512 is also known as
a) Clean Air Act Of 1999
b) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
c) Clean Water Act
d) Environmental Awareness and Education Act Of
2009
BEST ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES (BEP)
BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES (BAT)
Overview
• Best Environmental Practices: Definition
• Best Available Technologies: Definition
• BEP & BAT Significance
• Tools & Principles of BAT & BEP
• Strategies of Implementation
• Concept of Environmental Management System (EMS)
Best Environmental
Practices
The term best environmental practice (BEP) means the
application of the most appropriate combination of
environmental control measures and strategies. In making a
selection for individual cases, at least the following graduated
range of measures should be considered:
1. the provision of information and education to the public and
to users about the environmental consequences of choice
of particular activities and choice of products, their use and
ultimate disposal;
2. the development and application of codes of good
environmental practice which covers all aspect of the
activity in the product's life;
3. the mandatory application of labels informing users of
environmental risks related to a product, its use and
ultimate disposal;
4. saving resources, including energy;
Best
Environmental
Practices
• making collection and disposal
systems available to the public;
• avoiding the use of hazardous
substances or products and the
generation of hazardous waste;
• recycling, recovery and re-use;
• the application of economic
instruments to activities, products
or groups of products;
• establishing a system of
licensing, involving a range of
restrictions or a ban.
Best Available Technology

• The best available technology or best available techniques (BAT) is the

technology approved by legislators or regulators for meeting output
standards for a particular process, such as pollution abatement. Similar
terms are best practicable means or best practicable environmental
option. BAT is a moving target on practices, since developing societal
values and advancing techniques may change what is currently regarded
as "reasonably achievable", "best practicable" and "best available".
BEP & BAT
SIGNIFICANCE
• Hygiene and Food Safety
• Water Resource
Management and Effluent
Discharge
• Solid Waste Management
and Disposal
• Air Emissions and Odor
Management
• Good Manufacturing
Practices (GMP)
Tools & Principles of BAT & BEP
• Cleaner Production – continuous application of an integrated
preventive environmental strategy to processes, products and
services to increase overall efficiency and reduce risks to humans
and the environment.

• EMS – structured approach for determining, implementing and

reviewing policy through the use of system which includes
organizational structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures,
processes and resources
Tools & Principles of BAT & BEP
• Sustainable development – development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs.
• Integrated pollution prevention & control – principle designed to reduce
emissions in the air, water and land to achieve high level of protection taken
as a whole
• Life cycle analysis – a system-oriented approach estimating environmental
inventories (waste generation, emissions and discharge) and energy and
resource usage associated with a product, process or operation throughout all
stages of the life cycle.
Tools & Principles of BAT & BEP
• Energy efficiency – encompasses all changes that result in a
reduction in the energy used for a given energy service (heating,
lighting etc) or level of activity.

• Precautionary approach – designed to protect the environment

used widely by country according to capabilities and resources.
Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of
full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing
cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.
Strategies of Implementation

The Waste Hierarchy

 Strategies of Implementation
• Reduce or minimize – process of elimination that
involves reducing the amount of waste produced in
society and helps to eliminate the generation of harmful
and persistent wastes, supporting the efforts to
promote a more sustainable society.
• Reuse - action or practice of using something again,
whether for its original purpose (conventional reuse) or
to fulfil a different function (creative reuse or
repurposing).
• Recycling - the process of converting waste materials
into new materials and objects. It can prevent the
waste of potentially useful materials and reduce the
consumption of fresh raw materials, thereby reducing
energy usage, air pollution (from incineration), and
water pollution (from landfilling).
• Rendering – a process that converts waste animal
tissue into stable, value-added materials such as feeds
and feed additives.
Strategies of Implementation
B. Compliance to Environmental Laws
AGENCY ASPECT APPLICABLE LAW REQUIREMENT

NMIS MEs & Meat Inspection Code of the Philippines HACCP, GMP & SSOP, Registration
Meat
DENR Business DAO 2005-17 Rules & Regulations Clean Development Mechanism for
Governing Implementation of CDM Waste Management
DENR PCO DAO 26 Appointment of PCOs Accreditation of PCOs & Managing
Head
DENR- Water RA 9275 Clean Water Act Compliance to Effluent Standards
EMB Pollution SMRs
Discharge Permit
DENR- Air Pollution RA 8749 Clean Air Act Compliance to Air Standards
EMB SMRs
Permit To Operate
DENR- Solid Wastes RA 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Material Recovery Facility
EMB Management Act
LLDA RA 4850 LLDA Act Discharge Permit
Strategies of Implementation
C. Waste Management Awareness

TARGET INTERVENTIONs Responsible Group/s

SECTOR
NMIS Capacity Building OED - Engineering
Standards Promotion
LGUs Trainings RTOCs
Consultation Meetings
MEs Operators Trainings ARD, MSCPD
Consultation Meetings RTOCs
Concept of Environmental Management
System (EMS)
Concept of Environmental Management
System (EMS)
PLAN:
These are some actions you need to take during the planning stage:
1. Understand your organization and its context (as well as the needs and expectations of
your interested parties)
2. Determine the scope of and implement your environmental management system
3. Ensure leadership and commitment from your top management
4. Establish an environmental policy for your organization
5. Assign responsibilities and authorities for relevant roles
6. Determine your environmental aspects and the associated environmental impacts
7. Identify and have access to your compliance obligations (legislation, regulations etc.)
8. Determine the risks and opportunities for your business and take action to address those
and then evaluate effectiveness of these actions
9. Establish your environmental objectives define indicators and a process to achieve them.
Concept of Environmental Management
System (EMS)
DO:
Here is what you do in this stage:
1. Determine the resources you require to implement and maintain your EMS
2. Determine the necessary competence of people and ensure they have the
appropriate competency and awareness
3. Establish, implement and maintain some processes for both internal and
external communications
4. Ensure you have methods for creating, updating and controlling documented
information
5. Establish, implement and control your operational processes that are needed
to meet your EMS
6. Determine some potential emergency situations and the necessary response
Concept of Environmental Management
System (EMS)
CHECK:
Next:
1. Monitor, measure, analyze and evaluate your environmental
performance
2. Evaluate whether you meet your compliance obligations
3. Conduct periodic internal audits of your EMS
4. Conduct a Management Review your EMS to ensure the systems
are suitable, adequate, 
and effective.
Concept of Environmental Management
System (EMS)
ACT:
Then finally:
1. Take action to deal with any nonconformity
2. Take action to continually improve the suitability, adequacy
and effectiveness of your EMS to enhance your
environmental performance.
Key Elements of an EMS
To waste, to destroy our natural resources, to skin and exhaust the land instead
of using it so as to increase its usefulness, will result in undermining in the days
of our children the very prosperity which we ought by right to hand down to them
amplified and developed. ― Theodore Roosevelt
NMISSafeMeatForAll National Meat Inspection Service

(+632) 8924-7980 www.nmis.gov.ph

engineering@nmis.gov.ph
Thank you and see you around !