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    Entity-Relationship Model

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Kumar R
    The Entity-Relationship model is a data modeling technique that graphically represents entities and their relationships. Entities can have attributes and relationships connect entities. Relationships can also have attributes. There are different types of relationships including one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many. Keys identify entities and relationships. Entities can be strong or weak. ER diagrams use shapes like rectangles, ellipses, and diamonds to represent entities, attributes, and relationships. ER diagrams can be converted into database tables.

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    Entity-Relationship Model

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Kumar R
    6 views9 pages
    The Entity-Relationship model is a data modeling technique that graphically represents entities and their relationships. Entities can have attributes and relationships connect entities. Relationships can also have attributes. There are different types of relationships including one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many. Keys identify entities and relationships. Entities can be strong or weak. ER diagrams use shapes like rectangles, ellipses, and diamonds to represent entities, attributes, and relationships. ER diagrams can be converted into database tables.

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    2. Entity-relationship Model

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    The Entity-Relationship model is a data modeling technique that graphically represents entities and their relationships. Entities can have attributes and relationships connect entities. Relationships can also have attributes. There are different types of relationships including one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many. Keys identify entities and relationships. Entities can be strong or weak. ER diagrams use shapes like rectangles, ellipses, and diamonds to represent entities, attributes, and relationships. ER diagrams can be converted into database tables.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views9 pages

    Entity-Relationship Model

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Kumar R
    The Entity-Relationship model is a data modeling technique that graphically represents entities and their relationships. Entities can have attributes and relationships connect entities. Relationships can also have attributes. There are different types of relationships including one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many. Keys identify entities and relationships. Entities can be strong or weak. ER diagrams use shapes like rectangles, ellipses, and diamonds to represent entities, attributes, and relationships. ER diagrams can be converted into database tables.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Entity-Relationship model:

    The E-R data model is based on a perception of real world which


    consists of basic objects called entities and relationships among these
    objects
     Entity
     Entity set
     Attributes
     Domain of an attribute
     Relationship
     Relationship set
    Binary Relationship Set

    Street city Acct-no. Balance


    Cname

    SS-no. Customer CustAcct Account

    1
    Customer CAB Account

    Branch

    Ternary Relationship Set

     A relationship may also have descriptive attributes.


    .,
    date

    CustAcc
    Customer Account
    t

     The notation of an entity set and a relationship set is not a precise one.

    E-name Phone-No E-name Phone-No Loc

    Emp
    Employee Employee Phn Phone
    2
    Existence dependencies: If the existence of the entity x
    depends on the existence of the entity y, then x is said to be
    existence-dependent on y.
    Keys:
     Super key:
     Candidate key:
     Primary key:
     Weak Entity set :
     Strong Entity set :
     Discriminator of a weak entity set :
    • Primary key of weak Entity set :
    • Attribute set of relationship :
    • Primary key of relationship set:

    3
    E-R diagram: It expresses the structure of a database graphically.
     Rectangles
     Ellipses
     Diamonds
     Lines

    Mapping Constraints:
    Mapping cardinalities in binary relationships
    i. One-to-one
    ii. One-to-many
    iii. Many-to one
    iv. Many-to-many

    4
    a) One-to-many relationship:

    b) Many-to-one

    c) One-to-one
    Customer CustAcc Account

    Cust
    Customer Acct Account

    Cust
    Customer Acct Account 5
    d)Many-to-many:
    Cust
    Customer Account
    Acct

    -Roles are indicated in E-R diagrams by labeling the lines

    E-name E-no

    Manager
    Employee Works-for
    Worker
    - A weak entity set is indicated in E-R diagrams by doubly
    outlined box.

    Acct-no balance Tran-no date


    amt

    Account log Transaction 6


    Reducing E-R Diagrams to Tables:
    • A database which conforms to an E-R diagram can be represented by a
    collection of tables.
    • Representation of strong Entity sets:
    • Representation of weak entity sets:
    • Representation of relationship:
    Generalization:
    Saving-account(with interest rate)
    Account - Extend
    Current-account(with overdraft-amount)
    acct-no balance

    Account

    IS A

    Saving-account Current-account

    Interest-rate Overdraft-amount 7
    • Aggregation : One limitation of the E-R model is that it is not
    possible to express relationships among relationships

    name id hours number


    e.g.,

    Employee work project

    uses

    Machinery

    id

    Solution === aggregation.


    Aggregation is an abstraction through which relationships are
    treated as higher-level entities. 8
    Work

    name id hours number

    Employee work project

    uses

    Machinery

    id

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