W2 - Lesson 4 Integers

Negative Numbers
Learning Objective
To understand whole numbers on
the number line
What is an Integer?
An integer is a whole number (not a
fractional number) that can be positive,
negative, or zero.
Examples of integers are: -5, 1, 5, 8, 97, and

3,043.
Examples of numbers that are not integers

are: -1.43, 1 3/4, 3.14,
Examples
• Can anyone think of examples of where
you would see negative numbers??
Freezing Point and Minus
Temperatures
The temperature
keeps going down
below zero degrees to
1degree below zero
then 2 degrees below
zero and so on.
These numbers below

zero are negative
numbers
Thermometer
• A thermometer measures
temperature.
• To measure the
temperature you have to
read off the scale – the
numbers along the side.
• Look at where the liquid

inside the thermometer is
against the scale.
A UK Weather Map
Which city is
colder Glasgow or
Newcastle?
Negative Numbers are Used to Show
Debt
Dan had £40 in his

bank account and
he withdrew £70.
What will the
computer show his
balance to be now?
Negative Numbers are Used to Show
Debt
£40
- £70
£30
Negative Numbers Are Used to Measure
Under Sea Level
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
60m
40m
Use negative numbers to estimate the height
above or below sea level of the following points:
20m
0m
-20m
-40m
-60m
Number line
• A number line can be useful for working

with negative numbers
Negative Positive
0
Copy this number line into your book and write in

numbers from -20 to +20
Adding and Subtracting.
Subtract
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
We are going to use the number line above to calculate the

sum below:
6 – 10 =
(1) Start at the number 6
(2) To subtract go left from 6.
(3) Move 10 left.
(4) Now answer the question
6 – 10 = -4
Adding & Subtracting Example.
Add
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Now calculate:
-3 + 7 =
(1) At what number do you start? -3
(2) To add do you move left or right? right
(3) How many squares do you move? 7
(4) The answer to the sum

-3 + 7 = is? 4
Adding & Subtracting Example.
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Calculate
–2–3=
At what number do you start?
How many steps do you move?
Now complete the sum :

–2–3= -5
What Goes In The Box ?
Complete the questions below yourself:
(1) 6 – 8 = -2 (6) 7 – 12 = -5
(2) – 2 + 6 = 4 (7) – 7 + 12 = 5
(3) – 5 + 7 = 2 (8) – 6 + 6 = 0
(4) –4 + 8 = 4 (9) – 2 – 5 = -7
(5) –1 – 6 = -7 (10) – 2 + 7 – 8 = -3
What Goes In The Box ? Part 2
Complete these questions using a bigger number line if required:
(1) 12 – 16 = -4 (6) 72 – 120 = - 48
(2) – 32 + 26 = -6 (7) – 34 + 52 = 18
(3) – 35 + 43 = 8 (8) – 36 + 26 = -10
(4) –14 +28 = 14 (9) – 42 – 57 = -99
(10) – 29 + 73 – 89 = -45
(5) –18 – 52 = -70
What goes In The Box ? Part 3
Work backwards here to work out the missing numbers.
(1) – 6 + 18 = 12
(2) -13 + 10 = –3
(3) 12 – 34 = – 22
(4) -11 – 14 = – 25
(5) 22 – 39 = – 17
I would like to introduce you to…
FASST
and
SID
FASST
First Add Same Signs Together

+
8 - - 6 = 14
Look at the signs in the middle, if
they are the same, then replace
them with +
SID
Subtract If Different
-
8 + - 6 =2
Look at the signs in the middle, if
they are different, then replace
them with -
So, who we do we need to help us
work out these calculations?
FASST or SID
16 – (-4) = 20 47 + (-4) = 43
4 + (-4) = 0 122 – (-4) = 126
But what about this one?
Can you use all your knowledge of
negative numbers so far to find the
answer to these calculations?
-6 + (-2) = 8 -
-6 - (-8) = 2
Remember: This is your start number and the new sign in the middle is the
direction
Adding and Subtracting Negative
Numbers
a) 8 + - 3 = 5 f) -4 + - 7 = -11
b) 9 - + 5 = 4 g) -1 - - 6 =5
c) 2 - - 9 = 11 h) -3 + 9 =6
d) 3 + - 4 = -1 i) -7 – 4 = -11
e) 10 + - 16 = -6 j) -12 + - 11 = -23
Multiplying a Positive Times A Negative.
Consider the sum below :
This sum means 5 lots of -3

5 × -3
=
= -3 -3 -3 -3 -3
Examples : Try These.
-8
= -15 (1) 2 × -4=
In other words : - 30
(2) - 5 × 6=
- 21
5 × -3 (3) - 7 × 3=
= -15
Rule 1: A plus times a minus or a minus times a plus makes a
minus.
Multiplying a negative times a
negative.
Complete the number pattern below:
- 20
-4× 5= Rule 2 : A negative times a negative or a
- 16 positive times a positive makes a positive.
-4× 4=
- 12
-4× 3= Look at the pattern
Examples: Try These
-8
-4× 2=
-4 (1) – 2 × -5= 10
-4× 1 =
0 (2) – 3 × - 6 = 18
-4× 0 =
(3) 4 × 8 = 32
4
-4× -1 = (4) – 6 × - 7 =
42
8
- 4 × -2 =
What Goes In The Box ?
Try these examples yourself:
-35
(1) – 2 × 8= -16 (7) 5 × -7=
(2) – 4 × -7= 28 (8) – 7 × -8= 56
(3) 5 ×-6= -30 (9) – 20 × 10 = -200
(4) – 4 × -3= 12 (10) 2 2 × -3 = -66
(5) – 7 × 10 = -70 (11) – 20 × -10 = 200
(6) 1 2 × -2= -24 (12) 12 × 9= 108

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Negative Numbers

Examples of integers are: -5, 1, 5, 8, 97, and

Examples of numbers that are not integers

These numbers below

• Look at where the liquid

Dan had £40 in his

• A number line can be useful for working

Copy this number line into your book and write in

We are going to use the number line above to calculate the

(4) Now answer the question

(1) At what number do you start? -3

(2) To add do you move left or right? right

(3) How many squares do you move? 7

(4) The answer to the sum

At what number do you start?

How many steps do you move?

Now complete the sum :

(1) 12 – 16 = -4 (6) 72 – 120 = - 48

(3) – 35 + 43 = 8 (8) – 36 + 26 = -10

(4) –14 +28 = 14 (9) – 42 – 57 = -99

First Add Same Signs Together

Consider the sum below :

This sum means 5 lots of -3

(3) 5 ×-6= -30 (9) – 20 × 10 = -200

(4) – 4 × -3= 12 (10) 2 2 × -3 = -66

(5) – 7 × 10 = -70 (11) – 20 × -10 = 200

(6) 1 2 × -2= -24 (12) 12 × 9= 108

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