Charles Law

CHARLE’S LAW
volume & temperature
PREPARED BY:
LERVY SHANE PARK
Biography
 Jacques Charles, in full Jacques-Alexandre-César Charles, French
mathematician, physicist, and inventor who, with Nicolas Robert,
was the first to ascend in a hydrogen balloon (1783). About 1787 he
developed Charles’s law concerning the thermal expansion of gases.
 Born: November 12, 1746 Beaugency France
 Died: April 7, 1823 (aged 76) Paris France
 Inventions: balloon
 Subjects Of Study: Charles’s law
Biography
 From clerking in the finance ministry Charles turned to
science and experimented with electricity. He developed
several inventions, including a hydrometer and reflecting
goniometer, and improved the Gravesand heliostat and
Fahrenheit’s aerometer. With the Robert brothers, Nicolas
and Anne-Jean, he built one of the first hydrogen balloons
(1783). In several flights he rose more than a mile in altitude.
He was elected (1795) to the Académie des Sciences and
subsequently became a professor of physics. His published
papers deal mainly with mathematics.
FACTS ABOUT CHARLES
When he was young he worked for the government of Paris.
He started to give speeches to people who didn’t know alot about
science.
He first started with experimenting electricity
 The experiments about electricity showed him how to pass
electrical current through water and separating it into its
components of oxygen.
 He studied at french academy of science he wanted to study a
new invention.
FACTS ABOUT CHARLES
He started to give speeches to people who didn’t know a lot about

science.
He married Julie Francoise Bouchaud.
He worked with the Robert brothers to make the first hydrogen balloon
and he made the first mode of transport.
 Charles was elected for the Academie des Science in 1795 and became
a professor of physics at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers.
 One of his interest was Aeronautics.
FACTS ABOUT CHARLES
He was award on the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.

Charles had die of long illness he was 76 years old in
1823.
 He was the first to use hydrogen gas in balloons.
Jacques-Alexandre-César Charles
Jacques Charles (1746–1823)

duplicated the experiment done
by Joseph and Etienne
Montgolfier on June 4, 1783 in
Annonay, France. He used fire to
inflate a spherical balloon about
30 feet in diameter that traveled
about 1.5 miles before coming
back to Earth.
Charles found out that the volume of the gas is directly proportional to
its absolute temperature under constant pressure.
V/T = c
where :
V = volume of the gas which may be expressed in mL, L
T = absolute temperature measured in K
c = constant
The temperature in which V = 0 is called absolute zero. Absolute zero is the lowest
temperature possible.
By international agreement, absolute zero is defined as 0 K on the Kelvin scale or –273° on

the Celcius scale. Kelvin is a temperature scale named after Lord Kelvin (1824–1907) .
Each Kelvin is the same size as a Celcius degree.
To change °C to K.
K = °C + 273
C = K – 273
What Is Charles Law?
Charles’ law, also sometimes referred to as the law of volumes, gives a detailed
account of how gas expands when the temperature is increased. Conversely,
when there is a decrease in temperature, it will lead to a decrease in volume.
Charles law states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the
absolute temperature at constant pressure. The law also states that the Kelvin
temperature and the volume will be in direct proportion when the pressure
exerted on a sample of a dry gas is held constant.
What Is Charles Law?
When a fixed mass of gas is heated at a
given pressure, the volume increases
because molecules move faster and
expand.
When the plot of the volume versus
temperature for a gas is extrapolated,
you will get –273°C when volume
becomes zero. It is called (absolute
zero) the temperature at which the
volume of a gas becomes zero when the
plot of the volume versus temperature
for a gas is extrapolated.
Charles Law Formula
Charle’s Law
formula is
written as,
Here, we should remember

that the temperatures are
absolute temperatures that
are measured in Kelvin, not
in ⁰F or ⁰C.
Example:
1. A balloon initially has a volume of 0.4 L

and a temperature of 20°C. What will be
the volume of the balloon after it is heated
at 250°C?
2. A balloon has a volume of 3.0 L at
27°C.What is it’s temperature (expressed
in °C) if it expands to 6.0 L?
Assessment
1. Who is Charles and what is his law?

a.) A French physicist who discovered the relationship between temperature
and volume of a gas at constant pressure.
b.) An English chemist who discovered the relationship between pressure and
volume of a gas at constant temperature.
c.) An American physicist who discovered the relationship between temperature
and pressure of a gas at constant volume.
d.) A German mathematician who discovered the relationship between volume
and mass of a gas at constant temperature.
Assessment
2. What does Charles Law state?

a.) The volume a gas is directly proportional to its pressure at
constant temperature.
b.) The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature
at constant volume.
c.) The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute
temperature (in Kelvin) at constant pressure.
d.) The mass of gas is directly proportional to its volume at
constant temperature.
Assessment
3. What is the formula of Charles Law?
a.) P1V1 = P2V2
b.) V1/T1 = V2/T2
c.) PV = nRT
d.) V = m/d
4. What is the unit of measurement for temperature in Charles Law?
a.) Celcius (°C)
b.) Fahrenheit (°F)
c.) Kelvin (K)
d.) Rankine (°R)
Assessment
5. What happens to the volume of a gas at absolute zero?

a.) The volume of the gas becomes infinite.
b.) The volume of the gas becomes zero.
Problem #1
A gas sample has an initial volume of 2.5 L at a temperature of 25°C.
What will be the volume of the gas if the temperature is increased to
50°C while the pressure remains constant?
Assessment
Problem #2
A balloon has a volume of 4.0 L at a temperature of –10°C. What will
be the temperature of the balloon if its volume increases to 6.0 L while
the pressure remains constant?
Problem #3
A gas sample has an initial volume of 5.0 L at temperature of 20°C. If
the volume is decreased to 4.0 L while the pressure remains constant,
what will be the new temperature of the gas?
ANSWER KEY
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. B
ANSWER KEY
6 – 10 : 2.31/2.75 L
11 – 15 : 394.5 K
16 – 20 : 234.4 K
“When we strive to become better
than we are, everything around us
becomes better too.” — Paulo
Coelho
Thank you class for listening ‚ have
a great day ahead! <3
GRADE 10‚ FIGHTING!

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CHARLE’S LAW

volume & temperature

He started to give speeches to people who didn’t know a lot about

He was award on the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.

Jacques Charles (1746–1823)

By international agreement, absolute zero is defined as 0 K on the Kelvin scale or –273° on

Here, we should remember

1. A balloon initially has a volume of 0.4 L

1. Who is Charles and what is his law?

2. What does Charles Law state?

5. What happens to the volume of a gas at absolute zero?

GRADE 10‚ FIGHTING!

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