Lab Presentation2

Plant classification
Biology laboratory presentation

Classification of plants
 There are 5 classifications of plants in the plant kingdom which
are thallophyta, bryophyta, pteridophyta, gymnosperms, and
angiosperms.
 Thallophytes are a polyphyletic group of non-mobile organisms
that are grouped together on the basis of similarity of
characteristics but do not share a common ancestor.
 The plants lack a fixed body structure, such as a stem, roots, or
leaves and are found in damp areas.
 They are also autotrophs. For example lichens, algae and
fungus.
 Leafarrangement: Bipinnate-they have small leaflets branching
out of larger leaflets
 Leaf type:Phyllodes- flattened petiole
 Leaf tip: long and narrow
 Shape: Flowers are cylindrical .
 Leaveshave a fern like appearance. Fruit type: Pods which can
be edible that are either smooth or fuzzy and grow in clusters
 Flowercharacteristics: small and round and usually yellow or
white puffballs
 1. Acacia trees usually have long, sharp thorns
along their branches, that act as a defense
mechanism against intruders
 2. The leaves of an acacia tree are bipinnate.They
have small leaflets branching out from larger
leaflets making them have a feathery appearance.
 3. Most acacia trees produce a
sticky substancecalled gum, which can be used in
food, pharmaceuticals, and many other industrial
processes.
Cassava leaf
Classification
 Kingdom : Plantae
 Phylum : Tracheophyta
 Class : Magnoliopsida
 Order Malpighales
 Family Euphorbiaceae
 Genus Manihot
 Species: Manihot esculenta
 Plant identification
 Common name: cassava
 Scientific name: Manihot esculenta
 Leaf arrangement: opposite
 Leaf type: simple
 Leaf shape: linear
 Leaf tip: cupsidate
Banana leaf
 Classification
 Kingdom: Plantae
 Phylum : Magnoliophyta
 Class : liopsida
 Order : Zingiberales
 Family : Musaceae
 Genus : Musa
 Species : Acuminata
Plant identification
• Common name:Banana
• Scientific name: Musa acuminata
• Leaf arrangement: alternate
• Leaf type: simple
• Leaf tip: mucronate
• Shape: ovate
Lemon leaf
CLASSIFICATION
 Phylum: Tracheophyta
 Class: Magnoliopsida
 Order: Sapindales
 Family: Rutaceae
 Genus: Citrus
 Species: Citrus limon
Plant identification
 Common name: lemon leaf
 Scientific name: Citrus limon
 Leaf arrangement: alternate
 Leaf type: Simple
 Leaf tip: pointed tip
 Leaf shape: ovate
 Fruit Type: Hesperidium
 Flower characteristics: Monoecious, white in
colour with a pleasant scent.
Guava Leaf
 Phylum: Magnoliophyta
 Subclass: Rosidae
 Order: Mryrtales
 Family: Myrtaceae
 Genus: Psidium
 Subject: Psidium guajava L.
Plant Identification
 Common name: Guava
 Scientific name: Psidium guajava
 Leaf arrangement: opposite
 Leaf type: simple
 Leaf tip: rounded
 Shape: ovate
 Inflorescence : compound cyme
Flower symmetry: bilateral irregular
Position of ovary: inferiorly
Position of ovary: inferiorly
Fruit types: tropical white
guava, detwiler guava and red Indian
guava
Dracaena fragrans
Classification
 Kingdom : Plantae
 Order: Asparagales
 Family: Asparagaceae
 Genus : Dracaena
 Species : D.fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl
Classification
 Hierarchy: Dracaena fragrans
 Order: Asparagales
 Family: Asparagaceae
 Genus: Dracaena
 Species: D.fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl
Basic plant morphology
 Morphology is the science that deals with the study of the
form and structure of things.
 Plant morphology is the physical appearance of a plant.
For example, the morphology of a flowering plant includes
the roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
 By understanding the morphology of each species, it can
to identify the varieties that exist in each classification.
 Therefore, morphology is crucial in the classification of
organisms.
 For plant classification, the three criteria used for
different level classification are plant body, vascular
system and seed formation.
Basic morphology of a flowering plant:
Identifying plants using morphological
characteristics
1. Plant body
 Plants are classified on the basis of whether or not they have a well-
differentiated body.
 A well-differentiated body is the division of the plant body into roots,
stems and leaves.
2. Vascular system
 They can also be classified by reason of whether or not they have a
vascular system that transports water and other essential substances like
sucrose.
3. Seed formation
 Plants are grouped depending on whether or not they have flowers and
seeds.
An example of how plants are classified based on whether or not they have a
vascular system:
references
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289452171_Th
e_importance_of_botanical_nomenclature_and_synonymy
_in_taxonomy_and_biodiversity
 https://www.sciencefacts.net/bryophytes.html
 http://victorygraphik.com/shop/charts/botany/pteridoph
yta/b-90-pteridophyta-plants-example/
 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/295056213084506537/
 https://www.embibe.com/exams/angiosperms/
 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/q310LAa

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Plant classification

Biology laboratory presentation

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