ART

APPRECIATION
Introduces the importance of art as part or
component of our dynamic civilization
 DEFINITION OF ART

• Art an essential form of expression and

communication in our daily existence
• Art- covers its etymological to modern definition
and how man sees it variably and relatively from
person, time and place
• Art enhance daily experiences
• Art – has touched everyone
• Art- is all around us
• Art-plays a vital part in developing the intellect of
the younger generation to build up a positive
character and appreciate natural aesthetics.
• Steadily develops unbiased, responsive and
inventive mind full of creativity and dormant talent
.
• In this period of advanced technology know- how
and modernization
• Art-is of vital magnitude. We fight back to
stabilize our lives while trying to maintain the
swiftness of the frenzied pace of living.
• Students who rise up with an artistic awareness
perceive the world from diverse view points. This
understanding, shapes their behavior’s,
interpersonal and intrapersonal communication and
performances.
 Meaning of Art

• The word “art” is rooted in the 13th century French

word Art, which means skill as a result of learning or
practice. And the Latin word Ars, meaning ability or
practical skills. The word art covers many meanings,
including ability, process and product.
• As ability-art is the human capacity to make things
that stir us; it is creativity.
• As process, art encompasses act, such as a drawing,
painting, sculpting, designing buildings,
• Singing , dancing and using the camera to create
images or memorable works.
• As product- art is the completed work- an etching,
sculpture a structure, a musical composition,
choreography or tapestry.
• Art concerns with the communication of certain
ideas and feelings by means of a sensuous medium-
color, sound, bronze, body , works and film. Medium
is fashion into a symbolic language
• Marked by beauty of design and coherence of form. It
appeals to our mind, arouses our emotions, kindles our
imagination and enchants our sense. ( Machilis’ 1963)
• Art in various ways . According to Plato ‘’ Art is that
which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the
world.’’
• For John Dewey-’’ Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of
mind-one that demands for its own satisfaction and
fulfilling, a shaping of matter to new and more significant
form’’
• For Oscar Wilde’’ ART is the most intense mode
of individualism that the word has known’’
• Elbert Hubbard- ‘’ Art is not a thing- it is a way’’
• Four essential of art;
• 1. art has to be man- made
• 2. art must be creative, not imitative.
• 3. Art must benefit and satisfy man
• 4. art is expressed through a certain medium or
material by which the artist communicates himself
to audiences.
• Art history- the study of objects or works of art in
their historical development and stylistic contexts.
• Genre, design, format and style.
• Major arts of painting
• Sculpture and architecture
• Minor – arts of ceramics, furniture and any
decorative objects
• Art in their historical development and stylistic
• Contents, format and design that we may be able
understand the purpose of the work of art and
appreciate it.
• Humanities course is anchored on a strong foundation
in the arts and sciences.
• Aims to promote an awareness of the interrelationships
of all fields of knowledge
• Humanities – appreciation of the arts is given
emphasis.
• Artists convey their thoughts , beliefs, values , feelings
and relations through the various fields of art .
• Various fields of art.
• Visual , popular literary, gustatory, decorative and
performing.
• Humanities and art appreciation offer the basic
knowledge each student needs, be it an academic
requirement or merely an experience in life.
• Art appreciation in the humanities is being able to look
at work of art and form a wise opinion of the work
• Art appreciation deals with learning or
understanding and creating artworks and enjoying
them.
• The 4 E’s of Learning Art Appreciation
• Exploration –research, discovery, adventure
• Exposure –in situ-adaptation,interaction, influence
• Experience –hands on ,skill,application
Enjoyment-fulfilment, enlightenment self-
actualization.
The Domains in Learning the Art Appreciation
Cognitive learning-analytical aspect of learning
Affective- attitude, motivation, participation
Psychomotor learning-skills and talent
 Assumptions of Art

• There are principles and bases of appreciating a work of art

since , art that man can communicate one’s individuality and
way of life
• Art is universal- art is every where, wherever men have lived
together , art has sprung up among them as a language
charge with feelings and significance
• Art has no limit, it rises above cultures, races and civilization
• It is timeless because it goes beyond the time of our own
existence
• Art is not nature- art is man made, it is a creation of
man utilizing his thoughtful skill and artistry
• Art involve experience- a depiction of our
experiences, it demands taking part, involves
laying of pigments, moulding of clay, chipping of
marble, casting of bronze, constructing a
buildings , singing, playing roles on stage , acting,
rhythmic movements in a dance.
• We can only appreciate art if we spend time to look
at it, listen to it , touch it and feel its presence.
• FUNCTIONS OF ART
• 1. Personal – it is being used to provide comfort
happiness and convenience to human beings. Artist
tries to express his personal feelings through the
artwork
• 2.Social- art is used for public display and celebration.
Art conveys sense of family, community or civilization .
• 3. Cultural function- art helps preserve, share, and
transmit culture of people from one generation to
another.
• 4. aesthetic function- when there is the real feelings of
appreciation to nature’s beauty and are manifested
through appreciation and enjoyment when in contact
with the artwork.
• 5. Spiritual function- may create a work of art to
reinforce the religious or spiritual support of a culture.
• Basic Philosophical Perspective of art
• 1. Art as mimesis (Plato)- art is an imitation of the
real that was an imitation of the ideal
• 2. Art as representation (Aristotle) –the aim of art is
not to represent the outward appearance of things but
their inward significance
• 3. Art for art’s sake(Kant)- art has its own reason
for being.
• 4. Art as an escape-the ceremony of doing or
touches the deepest realms of the mind sacred
dimension of the artistic creative process.
• 5. Art as functional- meant to be used, to enrich
lives to be spiritually potent, to educate, to
support , to entertain.
 CATEGORIES /
CLASSIFICATIONS OF ART
• 1. Visual ARTS (2D,3D)
• A. Painting- the application of pigment color on
any flat two – dimensional surfaces.
• B. Sculpture- the carving, modelling, casting,
constructing, and assembling of materials .
• C. Architecture- the art and science of planning,
designing, and constructing buildings and non-
building structures for human shelter or use 3D.
 Performing / combined Arts

• Music- is an art form and cultural activity whose

medium is sound organized in time
• Dance- the movement of the body in a rhythmic way.
• Film-movie or motion picture
• Theatre- collaborative form of art that uses live
performance
• Literary- concentrating the writing, study or content
of literature
• Literary – is concentrating the writing, study or
content of literature
• Performance poetry- specifically composed for or
during a performance before an audience .
• Digital Art
• The art that is made with the assistance of
electronic devices , intended to be displayed on a
computer
 Applied Arts

• The application of design and decoration to

everyday objects to make them aesthetically
pleasing.
• 1. Fashion design- the art of applying design,
aesthetics and natural beauty to clothing and its
accessories
• 2. Furniture design- specialized field where
function and fashion collide
• 3. Interior design-enhancing the interior of a
building to achieve a healthier and more
aesthetically pleasing
• 4. Graphic design- an artistic process of effective
communication.
 Chapter 2
Subject and Content of Art
• The chapter covers the subject of art, which is as
dynamic and forceful as man’s way of life, culture
and imagination.
• The Subject of Art
• The subject of art is the matter to be described or to
be portrayed by the artist. the subject of art is varied,
may refer to any person, object, scene, or event. The
subject of an artwork is anything under the sun.
 Two kinds of Art as to subject

• 1.Representational or Objective Art

• They are those arts that depict( represent ) objects
that are commonly recognized by most people.
something that is real. The artist would try to be as
objective as possible.
• Example
• Art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter,
typically commonplace objects,
2. Non representational or Nonobjective Art
They are those arts w/out any reference to anything
outside itself (w/out representation)the artist attempts
only to show his ideas and feelings not as objective as
the realist.
Sources of the Subject of Art
1. Nature 2. History 3. Greek and Roman Mythology
4. Religion 5. Sacred oriental texts
 The content of Art

• The content of art is the meaning, message and

feeling imparted by a work art.
• Content- is inextricably linked with form.
• Form – refers to the pictoral aspects of art
• Ideas associated w/ each artwork and communicated
through the ffng:
• 1.The Art’s imagery
• 2.the symbolic meaning
• 3. it’s surrounding where it is used or displayed
• 4. the customs, beliefs and values of the culture
that uses it
• 5. writings that help explain the work
• Keeping Art
• A country , society , and individual may hold on to
an artwork often beyond its usefulness
• Involves various considerations , including its
meaning and its economic value. Public and private
institutions , like museums and galleries , are also
designed for keeping art, and issues around
preserving or restoring it.
• 1. national pride and glory
• 2. museums and private collections
• 3. preservation and restoration
 Chapter 3
Artists and Artisans
• Artists- generally defined as an art practitioner,
such as a painter, sculptor, choreographer, dancer,
writer , poet, musicians and the like, who creates
indirectly functional arts with aesthetic value.
• Artists- are creative individuals who use their
imagination and skills to communicate in art form.
• Artists exhibit the courage to take risk, some artists
are self-taught and have been called
• Folk Artist because they are not educated in
traditional artistic method, just like the artists
• Artisan- is a craftsman, such as carpenter, carver,
plumber, blacksmith, weaver, embroiderer. Who
produces directly functional and decorative arts.
• Artisan- help us in meeting our basic needs ,
dwelling, furniture and kitchen utensils ; they craft
everything that makes our life easy.
• The artisan’s work are useful, relevant, and
essential in our everyday life .
• The artist, on the other hand, is someone devoted
only to the creative part, making visually pleasant
work only for the gratification and appreciation of
the viewer but with no practical value.
 Key Components of the Art
Market
• The art market is an economic ecosystem that relies
not only on supply and demand but also on the
fabrication of a work’s predicted future monetary and
cultural value.
• The following are the important players in the art
market
• 1. curator- -who is a manager or oversee and usually
a curator or keeper of a cultural heritage institution, (
gallery, museum, library or archive)
• 2. Art buyer- art buyer is a professional who is
acknowledgeable in art.
• 3. Art Dealer- a person or a company that buys and
sells works of art.
• The Creative Process
• Robert Fritz enumerated the steps in the creative
process, creating is a skill that can be learned and
developed
• Learn by practice
• Hands on experience
• Learn to create by creating
• Conceive the result you want to create
• Know what currently exists
• Take actions
• Develop your creativity
• Learn the rhythms of the creative process
 Three stages in the creative
process
• 1. germination (idea)
• 2. assimilation – crucial step in the creative process,
plan , analyze it and cultivate
• 3. completion ( finish product)
• Three stages in art making
• 1. pre –production or subject development
• 2. production
• 3. post production
• Medium – refers to the material used by an artist to
create a work of art
• Technique- refers to artist’s ability and knowledge ,
technical know –how in the manipulating the
medium
• Making an artwork requires technical competence.
 Chapter 4
Elements and Principles of Art
• Various visual qualities in creating art work.
• These visual qualities are the elements, the range of
elements includes line, color, value, shape, space and
texture.
• Principles of design such as balance , harmony,
proportion, emphasis, variety , movement and
rhythm they will both be utilized to prepare and
examine artworks for better outputs, understanding
and appreciation of the art forms
• Music as an art form, one of the most pervasive
and potent arts classified under auditory art.
• Visual element
• We see lines everywhere, lines make objects stand
out against a background, artists make use of lines
in many ways.
• Different lines: horizontal lines, vertical lines,
diagonal lines, zigzag, curve lines.
 The elements of color

• Color is the most expressive element of art, its shares

powerful connection with emotion. In art, colors play
a vital role. An interesting piece of composition is
usually organized based on the artist’s understanding
of how colors impact the aesthetic and emotional
aspect of the viewer
• Physical properties of color
• Hue- this pertains to the name for which the color is
known
• Value- refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.
• When white is added to a hue, the result is called a
tint.
• The more quantity of white is added the lighter will
be the value of the hue
• When black is mixed with a hue , the result is
called a shade
• Intensity or saturation- refers to how pure the color
is. Pure hues pertain to the absence of white, black
or gray. Colors high in saturation (high intensity)
tend to be bright, and colors low in saturation (low
intensity)tend to be dull
• Types of colors
• Primary color
• Secondary color
• Intermediate colors
• Tertiary colors
• Neutrals
• Shapes is the next interesting element of the visual
arts.
• Kinds of shape
• Geometric shapes – shapes may be rectilinear or
curvilinear
• Organic shapes - have natural appearance and usually
curvilinear and irregular
• Biomorphic shapes- manifest some qualities of biological
organisms
• Element of space
• Space –is a tricky element of the visual art
• Physiological perception of space
• 1.stereoscopic vision-gives the viewer a perception of depth
because of the distance between the two eyes.
• 2. kinesthetic vision-involves the movement of the
eyes when looking at viewing the object.
• The illusion of space- allow viewer to perceive
space on a picture plane when actually none exists
• Overlapping-when objects are grouped, not all
parts of some object will be seen
• Relative size and linear perspective- objects that
are big will be perceived as near compared
• With objects that are far.
• Atmospheric perspective –this is also known as aerial
perspective
• The element of value
• Light and shadow-light makes viewing any artwork possible,
and it is sad to say that without light this cannot be done, its
counter part which is shadow.
• Achromatic value- refers to changes in the amount of reflected
light from white to gray to black and from black to grey to
white.
 The element of texture

• Texture- is derived from latin for “ weaving” (Fichner,

2013)
• Refers to the feel of the surface of woven fabrics, it is
important to note that texture is not only felt but also
seen.
• Types of texture
• 1.actual texture- real feel
• 2.simulated texture- refers to a surface character that
looks real but is not
• 3. abstract texture-artist would focus on one aspect
of the real texture and emphasize it.
• 4. invented texture-a product of the artist’s
imagination
• The element of time and motion
• Motion – can show direct actions in which
movement is perceived immediately
• Two techniques in achieving motion and time
• These techniques are :
• Actual motion / movement- in this type of artwork,
the artist incorporates actual movement in art
known as kinetic art
• Implied motion/movement- implied movement in
art , a variety of lines may be used together with
some degree of repetition
• Technique of creating optical sensations through
repetition and manipulation of color, shape and line
is what is known as OP Art( (Fichner 2013)