The Parts of Speech

THE PARTS OF
SPEECH
WHAT IS A NOUN?
 person place thing

Practice!
 Find the nouns in the following sentence:
(Remember!...a noun is a person, place, thing, or idea)
1. Mark and Jennifer have a son.
2. There are many people in this classroom who are
missing assignments.
3. I am ready for Thanksgiving.
4. The man in the mirror was no one but himself.
5. I have never been so upset in my life!
PRONOUN
 A pronoun can replace a noun.
 Example:
 Mark----He
 Mary-----She
 Mark and Mary-----They
PRONOUN TYPES:
Possessive: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, whose,
theirs
Demonstrative: this, that, these, those
Objective: me, you, him, her, it, us, whom, them
Subjective: I, you, he, she, it, we, who, they
Reflexive: myself, yourself, himself, herself,
ourselves, themselves
Indefinite: anybody, everybody, nobody, somebody
PRONOUN PRACTICE
Identify the pronouns in the following sentences:
1. They have never been so happy.

2. It was a really good day today.
3. She was upset with herself for failing it.
4. You and I should take a walk.
5. The candy is neither yours nor mine.
WHAT IS A VERB?
 Thereare two types of verbs that we will
look out closely:
 Action Verb
 Linking Verb
ACTION VERBS
 Action verbs express action, something
that a person, animal, force of nature, or
thing can do
Playing Driving
LINKING/ HELPING VERB
 Linking verbs, on the other hand, do not express action.
Instead, they connect the subject of a verb to additional
information about the subject.
 Any form of the verb “Be”

 Am
 Were
 Has
 Been
 Are being
 is
VERBS PRACTICE
 Identify the verbs in the following sentences: Remember…verbs can
show action or link one part of the sentence to the next.
1. Marion was the first woman to become Vice President.

2. I love him.
3. There is a large group of students in the hallway.
4. She danced all night long.
5. I will be 18 next month.
ADJECTIVE
Adjectives are words that describe or modify
another person or thing in the sentence
Adjectives are descriptive words!

ADJECTIVE
Descriptive adjectives: Describe the noun.
Ex: red house tall man large hut
Limiting Adjectives: Limits or specifies the noun

Ex: high school student, two teams, every employee
ADJ. PRACTICE…
Identify the following adjectives and tell if they are limiting or descriptive:
1. There are many good students in high school.
2. She was grateful for the interview.
3. I am a very intelligent person.
4. The basketball team was very adept in knowing the difficult plays.
5. The bluish-green sky was a beautiful sight to see.
ADVERBS
 Adverbs are words that modify
*a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?)
*an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was
his car?)
*another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle.
— How slowly did she move?)
 some adverbs can be identified by their characteristic

"ly" suffix
 Answers questions such as: "how," "when," "where,"
"how much".
ADVERBS PRACTICE…
 Identify the following adverbs; then write out the
question that corresponds to the adverb:
 Ex: She ran fast in the race. (How did she run?)
1. Ashley danced very well.

2. I swiftly ran after the ball.
3. She angrily slammed the door shut after screaming very
loudly at her boyfriend.
4. She is a very happy person to be around.
5. The night crept up stealthily like a burglar in a house.
CONJUNCTIONS
 A conjunction is a joiner, a word that connects
(conjoins) parts of a sentence.
 Coordinating Conjunctions
 And
 Or
 But
 For
 Nor
 So
 Yet
CONJUNCTIONS
 A subordinating conjunction introduces a dependent
clause and indicates the nature of the
relationship among the independent clause(s) and the
dependent clause(s).
The most common subordinating conjunctions are:

after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since,
than, that, though, until, when, where, whether, and
while.
CONJUNCTIONS
 Correlative conjunctions always appear in pairs -- you
use them to link equivalent sentence elements.
 The most common correlative conjunctions are:
both...and, either...or, neither...nor,

not only...but also, so...as, and whether...or
CONJ. Practice!
 Identify the conjunctions in the following sentences;
then, tell what type of conj. they are.
1. Ashton and I will go out tonight.
2. After the movie, let’s go out to eat.
3. Neither Sam nor Vinny ate lunch.
4. My true passion in life is writing, and I hope to get
published soon.
5. Susan makes good grades because she studies every
night.
6. Either you will put forth effort in your classes or you
will not do your best.
PREPOSITIONS
 A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a
sentence. Some common prepositions are:
at, under, over, of, to, in, out, beneath, beyond, for, among, after,
before, within, down, up, during, without, with, outside, inside,
beside, between, by, on, out, from, until,
toward, throughout, across, above, about, around.
 examples:
The book is on the table.
The book is beneath the table.
The book is leaning against the table.
The book is beside the table.
She held the book over the table.
She read the book during class.
OBJECT OF THE
PREPOSITION
 The Object of the Preposition
Recognize an object of the preposition when you see one.
 Prepositions often begin prepositional phrases. To complete
the phrase, the preposition usually teams up with
a noun, pronoun, orgerund, or the object of the preposition.
Here are some examples:
 At noon
 At = preposition; noon = noun or the object of the preposition.
 Behind them
 Behind = preposition; them = pronoun or the object of the
preposition.
OBJECT OF THE
PREPOSITION
 Without sneezing
 Without = preposition; sneezing = gerund or the object of the
preposition.
 The object of the preposition will often have modifiers that add
description:
 At the kitchen counter
 At = preposition; the, kitchen = modifiers; counter = noun or
the object of the preposition.
 Between us only
 Between = preposition; us = pronoun or the object of the
preposition; only = modifier.
 Without completely finishing
 Without = preposition; completely = modifier; finishing = gerund or
the object of the preposition.
OBJECT OF THE
PREPOSITION
 Infrequently, a clause will be the object of the
preposition, as in this example:
In class today, we talked about what Mr. Duncan expects

in our next research essay.
About = preposition; what Mr. Duncan expects in our

next research essay = noun clause or the object of the
preposition.
Preposition Practice
Identify the prepositions in the following sentences, then
identify the object of the preposition.
1. I don’t want to go before the judge tomorrow.
2. Andrew tossed the ball into the air.
3. Sienna quickly ran across the yard.
4. Christian walked inside the house to get his dad.
5. Kalvin is a great musician and often plays shows

around the country.
PREPOSITIONS VS.
CONJUNCTIONS
 Prepositions are connecting words.
 Prepositions are words like: on, over, to, from, about, for,
against, with, between, etc.
 In general, a preposition “glues” a noun or pronoun
into a sentence.
 That is, a preposition is only able to connect a noun
element into a sentence.
Preposition=Introduces a noun into the sentence.

PREPOSITIONS VS.
CONJUNCTIONS
 Conjunctions are also connecting words, but they can do
much more than a preposition.
 Conjunctions are words like: and, but, or, because, then,
etc.
 In contrast to a preposition, a conjunction can connect
any two like elements together in a sentence.
 Most notably, conjunctions have the ability to connect
verbs together.
 This means that conjunctions can connect two sentences
together.
Conjunctions=introduce verbs
PREPOSITIONS VS.
CONJUNCTIONS Practice:
 Decide whether each underlined word is a preposition or
a conjunction. Explain your answer.
1. I want to read a good book beside the tree.
2. After we danced, we out for a walk.
3. While you were away, you missed lots of work.
4. She sent him a text instead of speaking.
5. He left the room without talking to anyone.
6. The train had to stop because of the weather.

The Parts of Speech

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THE PARTS OF

 person place thing

1. They have never been so happy.

 Any form of the verb “Be”

1. Marion was the first woman to become Vice President.

Adjectives are descriptive words!

Limiting Adjectives: Limits or specifies the noun

 some adverbs can be identified by their characteristic

1. Ashley danced very well.

The most common subordinating conjunctions are:

both...and, either...or, neither...nor,

In class today, we talked about what Mr. Duncan expects

About = preposition; what Mr. Duncan expects in our

2. Andrew tossed the ball into the air.

3. Sienna quickly ran across the yard.

4. Christian walked inside the house to get his dad.

5. Kalvin is a great musician and often plays shows

Preposition=Introduces a noun into the sentence.

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