MCITP Chapt

Guide to er 3
Microsof Config
uring
t
the
Window Windo
s Server ws
2008 Server
2008
Server Enviro
Adminis nment
tration
(Exam
#70-
646)
 Learning Objectives
• Use Server Manager and ServerManagerCmd.exe
to manage a server
• Install and remove server roles
• Configure server hardware
• Configure the operating system
• Understand and configure the Registry

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 2

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Learning Objectives (cont’d.)
• Use the Security Configuration Wizard to harden a
server
• Install and use Windows PowerShell

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 3

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Server Manager
• Server Manager
– Consolidates administrative functions
• Roles Summary feature
– Displays log information
• Two panels
– Left panel – Roles, Features, Diagnostics,
Configuration, torage
– Right panel – Server Summary, Roles Summary,
Features Summary, Resources and Support

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 4

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Figure 3-1 Server Manager window
Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 5

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Server Manager (cont’d.)
• Actions panel
– Shown when drilling-down into functions
• Activity 3-1: Getting to Know Server Manager
– Objective: Learn how to start and use Server
Manager

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 6

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Figure 3-2 Starting Server Manager
Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 7

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Installing and Removing Server Roles
• Common roles
– File server
– Print server
• Roles change over time
• Activity 3-2: Installing and Removing Two Server
Roles
– Objective: Install and then remove the File Services
and Print Services roles in Windows Server 2008

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 8

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
• ServerManagerCmd.exe
– Command-line tool for managing server roles
– Manage features to be added/removed
– Run parameters in XML answer file

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 9

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
(cont’d.)
• Activities supported by ServerManagerCmd.exe:
– Install and remove roles or features
– Determine installed roles and features
– Use whatif option
– Restart computer
– Specify features to install with role
– Use XML-based answer file to install or remove roles

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 10

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
(cont’d.)
• Executed from command line
– Access Command Prompt window from Administrator
account
– Roles and features identified by IDs
• Activity 3-3: Running ServerManagerCmd.exe
– Objective: Use the ServerManagerCmd.exe
command to install and query server roles

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 11

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
(cont’d.)

Table 3-1 ServerManagerCmd.exe options

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 12

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
(cont’d.)

Table 3-2 Major IDs for server roles

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 13

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Server Hardware Devices
• Both Plug and Play and Add Hardware Wizard used
• Hardware includes:
– Disk drives
– Disk controllers
– Network adapters
– CD/DVD drives
– Keyboard
– Pointing devices
– Monitor

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 14

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Plug and Play
• Ability to automatically detect and configure newly
installed hardware devices
• PnP must be
– Built into device
– Enabled in BIOS
– Built into operating system kernel
• Almost universally supported

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 15

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard
• Use Add Hardware Wizard
– Manually launch PnP
– Manually install without PnP
– Troubleshoot problems with existing hardware
• Start from Control Panel
– Control Panel Home vs. Classic View
– In Classic View:
• Double-click Add Hardware applet

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 16

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Figure 3-4 Selecting the Add Hardware applet to start the Add
Hardware Wizard
Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 17
Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
• Device Manager
– Resources include interrupt request (IRQ) line, I/O
address, and reserved memory range
– Resource conflicts can occur
– Use Device Manager to check for conflicts and
examine properties

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 18

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
– Other uses:
• Verify if installed hardware is working properly
• Update device drivers
• Disable a device
• Uninstall a device
• Configure the settings for a device
– Activity 3-4: Resolving a Resource Conflict
• Objective: Use Device Manager to resolve a resource
conflict

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 19

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)

Figure 3-5 Device Manager

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 20

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
• Driver Signing
– Digital signature used to verify a driver
– Warning when driver device not signed
– Unsigned device drivers cannot be loaded in x64
versions
• Using the System File Checker
– Scan system files for integrity
– Activity 3-5: Manually Running the System File
Checker
• Objective: Use the System File Checker to verify
system files
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 21
Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)

Figure 3-6 Running System File Checker

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 22

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
• Using Sigverif to Verify System and Critical Files
– Only scans files
– Does not overwrite inappropriate files
– Activity 3-6: Verifying Critical Files for a Signature
• Objective: Use Sigverif to find unsigned files

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 23

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using Control Panel and the Add
Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)

Figure 3-7 Scanning with Sigverif

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 24

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring the Operating System
• Configure to:
– Optimize performance
– Meet specific requirements

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 25

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Performance Options
• Basic areas:
– Processor scheduling and memory usage
– Virtual memory
– Memory for network performance
• Configuring Processor Scheduling and Data
Execution Prevention
– Background services
– Programs
– Data Execution Prevention (DEP)

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 26

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Performance Options
– Activity 3-7: Configuring
Processor Scheduling and
DEP

Figure 3-9 Configuring Data Execution

Prevention
Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 27

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Performance Options
(cont’d.)
• Configuring Virtual Memory
– Virtual memory
– Paging
– Paging file
• Location
– Activity 3-8: Configuring the Paging File
• Objective: Learn where to configure the initial and
maximum size of the paging file

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 28

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Performance Options
(cont’d.)

Figure 3-10 Configuring virtual memory

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 29

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Performance Options
(cont’d.)
• Configuring Direct Memory Access for Hard Disks
– Transfer modes: Program Input/Output (PIO) and
Direct Memory Access (DMA)
– Activity 3-9: Configuring the DMA Transfer Mode
• Objective: Determine the transfer mode used by a hard
drive and set it to DMA, if necessary

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 30

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Environment Variables
• Tell operating system where to find programs,
allocate memory, and control programs
• Categories
– System environment variables
– User environment variables
• Activity 3-10: Configuring System and Environment
Variables
– Objective: Learn where to configure system and user
environment variables

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 31

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Startup and Recovery
• System startup options:
– Default operating system
– Display list of operating systems
– Display list of recovery options
• System failure options:
– Writing to system log (cannot be disabled)
– Start automatically after failure
– How and where to write debugging information

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 32

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Startup and Recovery
(cont’d.)
• Activity 3-11:
Configuring Startup and
Recovery
– Objective: Configure
startup and recovery
options

Figure 3-12 Configuring a system startup

option
Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 33

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Power Options
• Select power plan
• Require wakeup password
• Choose power button function
– Shut down, do nothing, or hibernate
• Create power plan
• When to turn off display
• Activity 3-12: Configuring Power Options
– Objective: Configure the balanced power plan

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 34

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Configuring Power Options (cont’d.)

Figure 3-13 Power Options dialog box

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 35

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Installing a Protocol
• Microsoft Virtual Network Switch Protocol
– Used when Hyper-V role installed
• Reliable Multicast Protocol
– Used for multimedia transmissions
• Activity 3-13: Installing a Protocol
– Objective: Learn to install a protocol

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 36

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Installing a Protocol (cont’d.)

Figure 3-14 Selecting to install a protocol

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 37

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Understanding the Windows Server
2008 Registry
• Windows Server 2008 Registry
– Database containing information for operating system
– Examples of data in Registry
• Registry Editor
– Lunched from Start button Run option
– Type regedit32 or regedit

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 38

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Understanding the Windows Server
2008 Registry (cont’d.)

Figure 3-15 Registry Editor

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 39

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Understanding the Windows Server
2008 Registry (cont’d.)
• Precautions when editing Registry
– Establish group of administrators who can access and
modify
• Remove this permission from other users
– Edit Registry as last resort
– Back up Registry regularly
– Never copy Registry from one computer to another

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 40

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Registry Contents
• Hierarchical structure
– Keys
– Subkeys
– Entries
• Root keys (subtrees):
– HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
– HKEY_CURRENT_USER
– HKEY_USERS
– HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
– HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 41
Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
• Information on every hardware component in the
server
• Subkeys:
– BCD00000000, COMPONENTS, HARDWARE, SAM,
SECURITY, SOFTWARE, and SYSTEM
• Hives
– Set of subkeys with related information

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 42

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 HKEY_CURRENT_USER
• Contains information about desktop setup
– For account presently logged on to server console
• Example changes:
– Environment parameter governing where application
temporary files are stored
– Delay in the response of the keyboard

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 43

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 HKEY_USERS
• Contains profile information for each user who has
logged onto the computer
• Each profile listed under root key

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 44

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
• Holds data to associate file extensions with
programs
– Used as defaults for all users who log on to Windows
Server 2008
• Can modify for particular user under HKEY_USERS

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 45

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
• Information about the current hardware profile
• Only one default hardware profile on most servers
• Activity 3-14: Using the Registry Editor
– Objective: Practice using the Registry Editor to view
the Registry contents

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 46

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using the Security Configuration
Wizard
• Analyze and configure security settings
• Adjusts security settings to match roles
• Establish security policy using:
– GUI interactive wizard
– Database
– Command-line tool scwcmd
• Activity 3-15: Using SCW to Configure a Security
Policy
– Objective: Create a new security policy

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 47

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using the Security Configuration
Wizard (cont’d.)

Figure 3-18 Creating a new security policy

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 48

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Using the Security Configuration
Wizard (cont’d.)
• Activity 3-16: Using scwcmd
– Objective: View security policy settings using the
scwcmd command-line command

Table 3-3 scwcmd command-line options

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 49

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Windows PowerShell
• Script
– File of commands
• cmdlets
– Specialized commands for completing common tasks
in PowerShell
• PowerShell tasks
• Installing PowerShell
• Activity 3-17: Using Windows PowerShell
– Objective: Use traditional Command Prompt
commands and cmdlets in Windows PowerShell
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 50
Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Summary
• Server Manager
– Tool used to install and remove roles, features, and
other administrative functions
– Command line-version of Server Manager
• ServerManagerCmd.exe
• Tune performance by configuring processor
scheduling, memory use, and virtual memory
• Configure power options
• Control Panel used to install and uninstall protocols

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 51

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
 Summary (cont’d.)
• Registry database
– Holds information for Windows system
– Organized by keys, subkeys, and entries
• Security Configuration Wizard analyzes security
options for installed roles
• Windows PowerShell
– Used to manage server with commands, cmdlets, and
scripts

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 52

Server Administration (Exam #70-646)