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    Set Theory

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    Satyajit Das
    Set theory is the subject of discrete mathematics that studies sets and their properties. A set is a collection of distinct objects called elements. Some key concepts in set theory include subsets, the empty set, the universal set, set operations like union and intersection, and Venn diagrams for visualizing relationships between sets. Mastering the fundamentals of sets is important as they provide the foundation for many areas of mathematics.

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    Set Theory

    Uploaded by

    Satyajit Das
    17 views19 pages
    Set theory is the subject of discrete mathematics that studies sets and their properties. A set is a collection of distinct objects called elements. Some key concepts in set theory include subsets, the empty set, the universal set, set operations like union and intersection, and Venn diagrams for visualizing relationships between sets. Mastering the fundamentals of sets is important as they provide the foundation for many areas of mathematics.

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    Set Theory (2)

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    Set theory is the subject of discrete mathematics that studies sets and their properties. A set is a collection of distinct objects called elements. Some key concepts in set theory include subsets, the empty set, the universal set, set operations like union and intersection, and Venn diagrams for visualizing relationships between sets. Mastering the fundamentals of sets is important as they provide the foundation for many areas of mathematics.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    17 views19 pages

    Set Theory

    Uploaded by

    Satyajit Das
    Set theory is the subject of discrete mathematics that studies sets and their properties. A set is a collection of distinct objects called elements. Some key concepts in set theory include subsets, the empty set, the universal set, set operations like union and intersection, and Venn diagrams for visualizing relationships between sets. Mastering the fundamentals of sets is important as they provide the foundation for many areas of mathematics.

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    TOPIC : SET

    THEORY
    SUBJECT NAME : DISCRETE
    MATHEMATICS
    SUBJECT CODE : PCCS-403
    Set Theory
    INTRODUCTION
    A set is any well defined collection of
    “objects.”
    The elements of a set are the objects in a
    set.
    Subsets consists of elements from
    the given set.
    Empty set/Null set is the set that contains no
    elements.
    Universal set is the set of all possible
    elements.
    Why are Sets Important?

    • Sets are the fundamental property of mathematics. Now as a


    word of warning, sets, by themselves, seem pretty pointless.
    But it's only when we apply sets in different situations do
    they become the powerful building block of mathematics
    that they are.
    • Math can get amazingly complicated quite fast. Graph
    Theory, Abstract Algebra, Real Analysis, Complex Analysis,
    Linear Algebra, Number Theory, and the list goes on. But
    there is one thing that all of these share in common: Sets.
    Ways of Describing Sets
    List the elements
    A= 1,2,3,4,5,6
    Give a verbal description
    • “A is the set of all integers from 1
    to 6, inclusive”
    A= Integers x inclusion
    Give a mathematical 1  x  6 rule
    Some Special Sets

    • The Null Set or Empty Set. This is a set with no


    elements, often symbolized by

     or { }
    • The Universal Set. This is the set of all elements
    currently under consideration, and is often symbolized
    by
    U
    Universal Sets

    • The universal set is the set of all things pertinent to a


    given discussion
    and is designated by the symbol U
    Example:
    U = {all students at Brandeis}
    Some Subsets:
    A = {all Computer Technology students}
    B = {freshmen students}
    C = {sophomore students}
     What are all the subsets
    of {3, 4, 5}

    {} or Ø

    {3}, {4}, {5}


    Find the {3,4}, {3,5}, {4,5}

    Subsets {3,4,5}
    Venn Diagrams

    •Venn diagrams show relationships


    between sets and their
    Sets A & Belements

    Universal Set

    5 8 2 4
    1 3
    Venn Diagram Example

    Set Definition
    U= { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }
    Set Complement

    ~A or A′
    • “A complement,” or “not A” is the set of all
    elements not in A.
    Venn Diagrams

    • Here is another one

    A B

    What is the A′?


    Combining Sets – Set Union

    •
    A B
    • “A union B ” is the set of all elements that are
    in A, or B, or both.

    • This is similar to the logical “or” operator.


    Combining Sets – Set
    Intersection
    •
    A B
    • “A intersect B” is
    the set of all
    elements that are
    in both A and B.
    • This is similar to
    the logical “and”
    Venn Diagrams

    • Venn Diagrams use topological areas to stand


    for sets. I’ve done this one for you.
    A B

    A B
    Examples
    A  {1,2,3} B  {3,4,5,6}

    • A  B  {3}

    • A  B  {1,2,3,4,5,6}
    conclusion
    • In conclusion, sets are an important concept in mathematics that allow us to group
    elements together and study their properties. Sets can be finite or infinite, empty
    or non-empty, and can contain any type of elements. Some common operations on
    sets include intersection, union, complement, and subset/superset relations.

    • The study of sets forms the foundation for many areas of mathematics, including
    set theory, algebra, topology, and analysis. The concept of sets has also found
    applications in fields such as computer science, physics, and engineering.

    • Understanding the different types of sets and their properties can be useful in
    solving problems across a wide range of disciplines, and can help us to better
    understand the structure of the world around us.
    SHIBANJALI CHOWDHURY
    TU NO. :-216704034
    RESGISTRATION NO.:-0206714-
    2021

    PRESEN SATYAJIT DAS


    TU NO.:-216704054

    TED 2021
    RESGISTRATION NO:- 020706-

    JUIEE DEBNATH
    TU NO.:-216704031

    BY: RESGISTRATION NO. 020678-2021


    SATHI SHARMA
    TU NO:-. 216704032
    RESGISTRATION NO.:- 0206711-
    2021
    SOUMYAJIT CHOWDHURY
    TU NO. :_226704060
    THANKING
    YOU

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