Overview of the

Philippine Disaster
Risk Reduction
Management Act of
2010 (RA 10121)
 The enactment of Republic Act 10121,
better known as the “Philippine Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Act of
2010” will strengthening the country’s
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
System. It will also provide a National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
framework and institutionalize the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management plan including the fund
support and other purposes.
BASIC
CONCE
PT ON
DRRM
 TERMINOLOGIES

CLIMATE
CAPACITY CHANGE DISASTER
a serious disruption of the
a combination of all strengths a change in climate that can' functioning of a community or a
and resources available be identified by changes in society involving widespread human,
within a community, society material, economic or environmental
the mean and/or variability of losses and impacts, which exceeds
or organization that can
its properties and that the ability of the affected community
reduce the level of risk, or or society to cope using its own
persists for an extended
effects of a disaster. Capacity resources. Disasters are often
period typically decades or described as a result of the
may include infrastructure
and physical means, longer, whether due to combination of: the exposure to a
hazard; the conditions of vulnerability
institutions, societal coping natural variability or as a
that are present; and insufficient
abilities, as well as human result of human activity capacity or measures to reduce or
knowledge, skills and cope with the potential negative
consequences, Disaster impacts may
collective attributes such as
include loss of life, injury, disease and
social relationships, other negative effects on human,
leadership and management. physical, mental and social well-
Capacity may also be being, together with damage to
property, destruction of assets, loss
described as capability.
of services, Social and economic
disruption and environmental
Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management based on Section 3 of
RA 10121.
 TERMINOLOGIES

DISASTER DISASTER DISASTER

MITIGATION PREVENTION RESPONSE
the provision of emergency
the lessening or the outright avoidance of
adverse impacts of hazards and
services and public
limitation of the related disasters, it expresses assistance during or
adverse impacts of the concept and intention to immediately after a disaster
completely avoid potential in order to save lives, reduce
hazards and related adverse impacts through action health impacts, ensure
disasters taken in advance such as public safety and meet the
construction of dams or basic subsistence needs of
embankments that eliminate the people affected. Disaster
flood risks, land-use regulations
response is predominantly
that do not permit any
focused on immediate and
settlement in high-risk zones,
short-term needs and is
and seismic engineering
designs that ensure the survival sometimes called "disaster
and function of a critical building relief"
in any likely earthquake
 TERMINOLOGIES

EMERGENCY EXPOSURE HAZARD

a dangerous
unforeseen or the degree to which phenomenon, substance,
sudden occurrence, the elements at risk human activity or
especially danger, are likely to condition that may cause
experience hazard loss of life, injury or other
demanding
events of different health impacts, property
immediate action damage, loss of livelihood
magnitudes
and services, social and
economic disruption, or
environmental damage
 TERMINOLOGIES

DISASTER RISK DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT
the systematic process of
the potential disaster the concept and practice of
using administrative
reducing disaster risks
losses in lives, health directives, organizations,
through systematic efforts to
status, livelihood, and operational skills and
analyze and manage the
capacities to implement
assets and services, causal factors of disasters,
strategies, policies and
which could occur to a including through reduced
improved coping capacities
exposures to hazards,
particular community lessened vulnerability of
in order to lessen the
adverse impacts of hazards
or a Society over people and property, wise
and the possibility of disaster
some specified future management of land and the
environment, and improved
time period
preparedness for adverse
events
 TERMINOLOGIES

STATE OF
REHABILITATION RISK ASSESSMENT CALAMITIES
a methodology to determine the nature a condition involving mass
measures that ensure the
and extent of risk by analyzing potential casualty and/or major
ability of affected hazards and evaluating existing
conditions of vulnerability that together damages to property,
communities/areas to
could potentially harm exposed people, disruption of means of
restore their normal level property, services, livelihood and the
environment on which they depend. livelihoods, roads and
of functioning by
Risk assessments with associated risk normal way of life of
rebuilding livelihood and mapping include: a review of the
technical characteristics of hazards people in the affected
damaged infrastructures
such as their location, intensity, areas as a result of the
and increasing the frequency and probability; the analysis
of exposure and vulnerability including occurrence of natural or
communities'
the physical, social, health, economic human-induced hazard
organizational capacity. and environmental dimensions; and the
evaluation of the effectiveness of
prevailing and alternative coping
capacities in respect to likely risk
scenarios
 TERMINOLOGIES

VULNERABILITY
the characteristics and circumstances of a community,
system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging
effects of a hazard. Vulnerability may arise from various
physical, social, economic, and environmental factors such as
poor design and construction of buildings, inadequate protection
of assets, lack of public information and awareness, limited
official recognition of risks and preparedness measures, and
disregard for wise environmental management.
 SECTIONS

Section 4 of RA 10121 Section 5 of RA 10121 Section 8 of RA 10121

This Act provides for the

The establishment of the National The Office of Civil
development of policies and plans Defense (OCD) shall
Disaster Risk Reduction and
and the implementation of actions
and measures pertaining to all
Management Council (NDRRMC) have the primary
aspects of disaster risk reduction
to address national programs for mission of
disaster management focusing on
and management, including good administering a
the four (4) thematic areas of
governance, risk assessment and
disaster: 1) prevention and comprehensive national
early warning, knowledge building civil defense and
mitigation, 2) disaster
and awareness raising, reducing
underlying risk factors, and
preparedness, 3) disaster response disaster risk reduction
preparedness for effective
and 4) disaster recovery and and management
rehabilitation. program.
response and early recovery.
 SECTIONS
Section 10 of RA 10121 Section 12 of RA 10121 Section 14 of RA 10121

The Regional Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management The Integration of Disaster Risk
Councils (RDRRMCs) shall The establishment of an Local Reduction Education into the
coordinate, integrate, supervise, Disaster Risk Reduction and School Curricula and Sangguniang
and evaluate the activities of the Management Office Kabataan (SK) Program and
(LDRRMO) in every province, Mandatory Training for the Public
LDRRMCs. Likewise, the
Sector Employees. It is also the
RDRRMC shall be responsible in city and municipality, and a legal basis to integrate disaster risk
ensuring disaster sensitive Barangay Disaster Risk reduction and management
regional development plans, and Reduction and Management education in the school curricula of
in case of emergencies shall Committee (BDRRMC) in secondary and tertiary level of
convene the different regional every barangay. education, including the National
line agencies and concerned Service Training Program (NSTP).
institutions and authorities.
 1. Obey all protocols and procedures pertaining to disaster
preparedness and management.

Role of the 2. Support the programs of the government in relation to

disaster preparedness and management.
Youth in 3. Involve and attend disaster preparedness and
Disaster management related seminar and trainings.

Preparedness
and
Management
 4. Contribute in the disaster preparedness, prevention and mitigation
of the family/community

Role of the 5. Participate in the conduct and implementation of programs of the

Barangay LGU regarding disaster preparedness and management

Youth in such as information drive, trainings, capability and vulnerability

assessment, evaluation, planning and execution of disaster

Disaster management plan.

Preparedness
and
Management
 6. Provide first aid to whoever needs it.

7. Volunteer oneself in repacking and distribution of relief goods

Role of the during calamities.

8. Act as first responder and assist in the disaster rescue operation of

Youth in the LGU in the community whenever necessary.

Disaster 9. Report irregularities and incidents to proper authority during

emergency and hazards situation.
Preparedness
and
Management
Natural Hazard Human-Induced

•Typhoons •Fire
•Floods •Accident
•Storm Surges •Aircraft crash
•Earthquakes •Pollution
•Tsunamis •Civil Disturbance
•Volcanic Eruption •Terrorist attacks
•Landslides •Explosions
•Drought •Armed conflict
 TYPHOON
-is a tropical cyclone that
forms and occurs in the
northwestern Pacific or
VENUS Indian oceans.

JUPITER

MARS
 FLOOD
- is an overflow or accumulation of an
expanse of water that submerges land.
In the sense of "flowing water", the term
may also be used to describe the inflow
of the tide. Flooding may result from the
VENUS volume of water within a body of water,
such as a river or lake, which overflows
or breaks levees, with the result that
JUPITER some of the water escapes its usual
boundaries.

MARS
 Safety Tips during Storm/Typhoon and Floods

1. Remain calm and stay indoors.

2. Stay tuned in to radios and televisions for the latest weather report.

3. Cut off the branches of trees that might hit or fall onto your house, and
those that are touching the power lines.

4. Remove all obstacles on the road to pave the way for emergency vehicles.

5. If your house is in a flood-prone area, flee to the nearest evacuation center.

6. Prepare a flashlight and a portable radio with new batteries.

7. Stock enough supplies of canned goods, food, portable water, fuel,

batteries, and keep a first aid kit.

8. Turn off the main power safety switch and water valve if there’s a flood.
 Safety Tips during Storm/Typhoon and Floods

9. Carry and transfer your home appliances and all your important
documents to a higher place to prevent floodwaters from reaching
it.

10. Avoid low lying areas, river banks, creeks, mountain sides, hill
sides and ravines. Heavy downpour can cause landslides,
mudslides or rockslides.

11. Do not wade in the floods nor cross a raging river.

12. Do not use electrical appliances or gas stoves which were

submerged in flood water.
 Safety Tips during Storm/Typhoon and Floods

13. If there’s a need to proceed to the evacuation area, do the following:

a. Close all the windows and lock all the doors of your house.
b. Make sure to switch off the main circuit breaker or fuse box.
c. Close the valve of the liquefied petroleum gas cylinder.
d. Elevate all the important documents, things, and possessions.
e. Bring the following when evacuating:
· First aid kit which contains bandages, antiseptics, cottons
and medicines for cough and colds, fever, LBM, etc.
· Flashlight, new batteries, matches, and candles
· Transistor radio and new batteries
· Blankets, clean clothes, boots, and raincoats
· Basic needs of infants, elderly or physically challenged
people
· Potable water in a sealed container
· Enough cash and loose change
· Strong plastic bags that are big enough to cover and store all
your important documents and personal belongings
 VOLCANIC ERUPTION
refers to the release of gas,
ash, molten materials or hot
water into the atmosphere
VENUS or onto the Earth's surface
from a volcano or other
opening in the Earth's
JUPITER
surface.

MARS
 Safety Tips during Volcanic Eruption

1. If you reside in an area near a volcano, you are in danger of

pyroclastic flows, lahar and ash fall.
2. There are maps that can show the areas that are not safe. You
can obtain this information from the concerned government
agencies. Follow their advices and warnings; these can save
lives.
3. Do not live or stay in the danger zones declared by the NDCC.
Stay away from rivers where lava and other volcanic materials
might flow through.
4. If there’s an ash fall, cover your nose with a damp cloth. This
can filter particles while you breathe.
5. Remove the accumulated ashes from your roof to prevent it
from collapsing.
6. If you are driving or inside a moving vehicle, stop and find a
covered and safe place.
7. If your area is in danger of lahar flow, flee to a higher ground
or go to the nearest evacuation center.
 TSUNAMI is a series of ocean waves generated by
sudden displacements in the sea floor,
landslides, or volcanic activity. It is derived
from the Japanese terms “tsu” and “nami”
which means “harbor wave” when
translated literally. In the deep ocean, the
VENUS tsunami wave may only be a few inches
high. The tsunami wave may come gently
ashore or may increase in height to
JUPITER become a fast moving wall of turbulent
water several meters high. Sometimes,
tsunamis are also called tidal waves.

MARS
 Safety Tips during Tsunami

1. A strong earthquake can cause a tsunami. Do not stay in a

low lying area or near the sea shore. A tsunami can strike a few
minutes after an earthquake.

2. A warning of a possible tsunami is brought about by an

unusual receding of sea water or unusual change in the sea level.

3. If the sea water receded, you can find some sea creatures
lying on the seashore. Do not be tempted to pick them up. Always
remember that the waves can return quickly and can wash you
away.

4. A tsunami is usually accompanied by strange sounds.

Always be aware of these kinds of sounds.

5. Flee to a higher ground and wait until it’s safe to return.

 EARTHQUAKE characterized by a weak to violent shaking
of the ground caused by the sudden
release of stored energy beneath the
earth’s surface known as the lithosphere.
This sudden release of energy generates
seismic waves that cause massive
VENUS
vibrations. The spot underground where
the earthquake started is called the focus
or hypocenter, while the point on the
JUPITER surface or top of the ground right above the
focus is called the epicenter.

MARS
 Safety Tips during Earthquake

The “Drop, Cover and Hold” protocol (drop

to the floor, cover your head, and hold on to a
solid object), when performed correctly with an
awareness of your surroundings, remains the
most effective way to protect yourself when an
earthquake occurs.
 FIRE
is the rapid oxidation of a
material in the chemical
process of combustion,
releasing heat, light, and
VENUS various reaction products.
Slower oxidative processes
such as rusting or digestion are
JUPITER
not considered part of this
definition.
MARS
 How to Evacuate from a burning building

1. Swiftly abandon a burning building. Fire can spread

quickly.
2. Do not panic; try to stay calm at all times.
3. Proceed to the nearest emergency exit.
4. If you are in a room, try to feel if the door is hot. Never
open it if it is hot, instead, put a wet cloth in the gap
between the door and the floor to prevent the smoke
from entering the room. Find an alternative exit.
5. You can tie blankets and bed sheets together, then use
it as a rope in getting out of a burning building.
6. You can escape from a smoke-filled room by crawling
out to the nearest exit.
7. Cover your nose and mouth with a damp cloth. This
can help you breathe through the thick smoke while
crawling out of the building.
 BOMB THREAT Bomb – This device is either factory-
made or homemade. It contains
incendiary or explosive substances that
are used to create fire, shock, heat and
gas to cause extensive damage to the
VENUS target and even individuals. Bomb
chooses no one.

JUPITER
Bomb threat – It is a piece of
information or a warning claiming
knowledge that a dangerous device,
MARS such as bomb or similar type of
explosive, has been or will be placed in
a building, aircraft or other facility.
 Safety Measure during Bomb Threat

1. Treat all threats received as real and report immediately to

authorities.

2. Remain calm and courteous.

3. As much as possible, try to obtain as much information

such as:

• the identity of the caller;

• the characteristics of the caller;

• ask the exact location of the bomb;

• apply delaying tactics; and

• report all details to a responsible person immediately.

 PANDEMIC SITUATIONPandemic – An outbreak/epidemic of a
disease occurring worldwide, or in a very
wide spread area that usually affecting a
large volume of people.

Covid19 Virus – The Coronavirus disease

VENUS (COVID-19) is an infectious disease
caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.
It was reported as a pneumonia outbreak
JUPITER started in December 2019 at Wuhan China,
and given an interim name of 2019-Novel
Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World
Health Organization (WHO). Most people
MARS infected with this virus will experience mild
to moderate respiratory illness and may
result to severe cases if complications
arise. The COVID-19 virus spreads
primarily through droplets of saliva or
discharge from the nose when an infected
person coughs or sneezes.
 PANDEMIC SITUATION
Community Quarantine – As a safety measure to limit the spread of the Coronavirus, the government issued
different types/classification of Community Quarantine.

a. Enhance Community Quarantine (ECQ)- Local populace under an ECQ are generally
ordered to stay at home, with its residents restricted from traveling to other cities or barangays. The
LGU/Barangay Unit can issue quarantine passes to allow one representative per family to buy essential
goods outside curfew hours and within the issuing authority’s jurisdiction.

b. General Community Quarantine (GCQ)- It is consider as more lenient than ECQ. Public
transportation is allowed at a reduced capacity and select businesses are allowed to operate at 50 to
100 percent of their regular capacity depending on their industry.
JUPITER
c. Other Measures- The following are the additional types of community quarantine measures that may
be imposed by the Authority depending on their situation.

· Extensive/Extreme Enhanced Community Quarantine (EECQ)

MARS
· Modified Enhance Community Quarantine (MECQ)

· Modified General Community Quarantine (MGCQ)

· Total or Special Concern Lockdown

· New Normal
 Safety Tips against Covid19Virus

· Keep your hands clean through washing frequently using soap

and water or using alcohol-based hand rub to keep your hands
clean.

· Maintain social distancing for about 1 to 2 meters.

· Wear a mask

· Don’t touch your eyes, nose or mouth.

· Cover your nose and mouth with your bent elbow or a tissue
when you cough or sneeze.

· If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical

attention.

· Obey all rules and regulation imposed by the authority.

· Stay at home if possible.