Statement and Assumptions

Statement is an information or a fact related to any general

subject and assumption is the hidden or unsaid part of the
statement which a person assumes before stating some fact or
statement.
When we analyse assumption, we find that when one says or
writes something, he does not put everything into words and
leaves some part unsaid or unwritten. He does so because he
takes this unsaid part for granted. In other words, he thinks
this unsaid part will be understood without saying and there is
no need to put this (unsaid part) into words.
In this type of questions, a statement is followed by two or
more assumptions. So we required to assess the given
statement and decide, which of the given assumptions is
implicit in the statement.
Important points to be considered while selecting correct assumptions
• It should be directly related to the statement.

• It should not be ambiguous.

• It should not be superfluous.

• It should not be merely repetition of the statement.

• It should not be the argument drawn from the statement.

•If few word like each, only, any, all, why, what, these, therefore, but, definitely, and
certainly are there then that assumption will always be explicit or false in nature.

•If few words like many, some, much, and to large extent are there then that assumption
will always be true or implicit in nature.
•The assumption is always in a positive tone and it is always indefinite.

•If the message of notice, appeal and advertisement is there then that
assumption will always be true or implicit in nature.

•If assumption is related to the social well-being or policies of government,

that assumption will always be true or implicit in nature.

•If assumption is related to past & future things that assumption will always
be false or explicit in nature.

•If words in the assumption are like recommendation, instruction, request

that assumption will always be true or implicit in nature.

• It can be many, in numbers, based on a single statement.

•The assumption should be considered from Author’s point of view and not
yours
Tip #1: Assumptions should be directly related to the statement, not from your
real life experiences
1.Statement: Take a ferry or a boat instead of a bus to reach the Kravi Islands
faster.
Assumptions:
(I) The islands being in remote location are not easily accessible.
(II) Ferries and boats are available to travel to Kravi Islands.
A. If only assumption I is implicit
B. If only assumption II is implicit
C. If neither assumption I nor II is implicit
D. If both assumption I and II are implicit
Solution:
Assumption I is not implicit, even if based on your real life experiences.
In statement, it is clearly stated that ferry or boat can save time to reach to the
island that means they are available to travel to Kravi island. So II is implicit. Thus,
correct option is (B).
2.Statement: Give adequate job related training to the employees before assigning
them full fledged work.

Assumptions:
(I) Training helps in boosting the performance of employees.
(II) Employees have no skill sets before training is provided to them.
A. If only assumption I is implicit
B. If only assumption II is implicit
C. If neither assumption I nor II is implicit
D. If both assumption I and II are implicit

Solution:

Training will help the employees to get more knowledge about the work and hence
performance will enhance.
Hence the correct option is (A).
Tip #2: It should not be superfluous or ambiguous
3.Statement: Drastic increase in pollution is now a global phenomenon.
Assumptions:
(I) All countries have realized it and working towards the control.
(II) Growing population, industries, highways and constructions are beyond control.
A. If only assumption I is implicit
B. If only assumption II is implicit
C. If neither assumption I nor II is implicit
D. If both assumption I and II are implicit
Solution:
From the given statement we cannot assume that the countries are working towards
the control of pollution and it is not correct to say that growing population, industries,
high ways and constructions are beyond control. Hence, neither Assumption (I) nor (II)
is implicit. Thus, correct answer will be (C).
4.Statement: “Send employee XYZ for a training in UK to gain more insight into the
project which he is handling at present.

Assumption:
(I) Some similar training programs are available in the employee's own country as
well.
(II) With the present skill sets, employee XYZ is incapable of handling the project.
A. If only assumption I is implicit
B. If only assumption II is implicit
C. If neither assumption I nor II is implicit
D. If both assumption I and II are implicit

Solution:
From the given statements, it is clear that the employee needs some more skills to
handling the project more efficiently but it does not mean that right now he is
incapable of handling it. Hence, neither Assumption I nor II is implicit. So, correct
answer is (C).
Tip #3: If there is a notice or an advertisement is placed,
:
5.Statement :An advertisement in the newspaper - 'Learn a foreign language course to
get a high paying job'.
Assumptions:
(I) All those who learn foreign language get highly paid jobs.
(II) Only a foreign language can get someone a high paying job.
A. If only assumption I is implicit
B. If only assumption II is implicit
C. If either I or II is implicit
D. If neither I nor II is implicit
E. If both I and II are implicit
Solution:
The word 'all' makes the assumption I ambiguous. Similarly word 'only' is assumption II
makes it ambiguous. So, both assumption are not true as per the statement so they
are not implicit. So, the correct answer is (d).
6.Statement: "The Prime Minister is expected to announce an expansion in his
Ministry shortly. A newspaper report.
Assumptions:
(I) The newspaper has quoted authentic sources.
(II) The newspaper has reliable sources for the news.
(III) The Prime Minister has the power to expand his cabinet.
A. Only I and II are implicit
B. Only II and III are implicit
C. Only I and III are implicit
D. all are implicit
E. None of these
Solution:
The newspaper has not quoted authentic sources, so I is not implicit, but II and III are
implicit. Thus, the correct answer is (B).
Statement:
Do not do cheating in the Board Examinations – A notice.
Assumptions:
(I) It is possible to do cheating in the board exams.
(II) Such warning will have some effect.

A. Only assumption I is implicit

B. Only assumption II is implicit
C. Either I or II is implicit
D. Neither I nor II is implicit
E. Both I and II are implicit
Answer: E
Explanation:
If it was not possible to do cheating in the board exams, there would be no need for
the notice. Hence, (I) is implicitly true. Likewise, the notice would not be placed if the
warning would have no impact. Hence, (II) is also implicit. So, the correct answer is E.
Directions (Qs. 1-10) : In each question below is given a statement followed by two
assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following
assumptions and decide which of the given assumptions is implicit in the statement.
Give answer:
(a) if only assumption I is implicit.
(b) if only assumption II is implicit
(c) if either I or II is implicit
(d) if neither I nor II is implicit
(e) if both I and II are implicit.

1. Statement: Detergents should be used to clean clothes.

Assumptions: I. Detergents form lather.
II. Detergents help to dislodge grease and dirt.

2. Statement: The government has decided to pay compensation to the tune of Rs. 1
lakh to the family members of those who are killed in railway accidents.
Assumption: I. The government has enough funds to meet the expenses due to
compensation.
II. There may be reduction in incidents of railway accidents in near future.
3. Statement: “I have not received telephone bills for nine months inspite of
several complaints” ----A telephone customer’s letter to the editor of a daily.

Assumption: I. Every customer has a right to get bills regularly from the
telephone company.
II. The customer’s complaints point to defect in the services which is expected to
be corrected.

4. Statement: The management of XYZ Pvt. Ltd. Asked the workers’ union to call
off strike immediately otherwise the management would be forced to close
down the factory.

Assumption: I. No alternative other than closing down the factory is left for the
management of XYZ Pvt. Ltd.
II. Such threat may have some effect on the workers’ union.
5. Statement: Vitamin E tablets improve circulation, keep your complexion in
a glowing condition.
Assumption: I. People like a glowing complexion.
II. Complexion becomes dull in the absence of circulation.

6.Statement: Why don’t you go to the court if the employer does not pay
you the Provident Fund contribution?

Assumptions: I. Courts can intervene in matters of dispute between employer

and employees.
II. It is obligatory for the employer to pay the Provident Fund contribution to
the Employees.

7.Statement: Nobody can predict as to how long our country would take to
contain the unfortunate and disastrous terrorist activities.

Assumption: I. It is impossible to put an end to terrorist activities.

II. Efforts to control the terrorist activities are on.
8.Statement: His recent investment in the shares of Company A is only a
gamble.

Assumption: I. He may incur loss on his investment.

II. He may gain form his investment.

9.Statement: The principal instructed all the teachers to be careful in class

because some students may disturb other students.

Assumption: I. The teachers will handle the situation properly and they will point
out the naughty students .
II. The students will welcome the decision of Principal.

10. Statement: This year most of the shops and departmental stores are
offering prizes and discounts on purchases to attract customers .
Assumptions: I. The shops and departmental stores have so far earned a lot of
profit, so now they have started sharing it with the customers.
II. Lots of goods are available but the sale is not shooting up. There is no cheer
for the customers.
 Answer with Solution
1. (b) Nothing is mentioned about lather formation by the detergent. So, I is not implicit.
Also, the statement states that problems will be solved by ‘me’. So II is implicit.
2. (a) Clearly, the amount of compensation must have been decided keeping in mind the
monetary position of the Government. So, I is implicit. However, nothing can be said
about the frequency of railway accidents in future. So, II is not implicit.
3. (e) The customer’s eagerness to get the bills makes I implicit. Besides, the customer has
written to the editor to bring the malfunctioning of the department to public notice. So,
II is also implicit.
4. (b) Such a warning is usually given to the workers to threaten them that they would lose
their job and income forever if they didn’t mend their ways. So, only II is implicit.
5. (e) Generally, only that good feature of a product is highlighted which people crave for.
So, I is implicit. Since complexion glows if circulation is improved, so II is also implicit.
6. (e) Clearly, the statement encourages one to go to court to get his Provident Fund from
his employer. This implies that the issue comes under the jurisdiction of courts and that
it is the right of the employee to claim his Provident Fund. So, ‘both I and II are implicit”
7. (b) The statement expresses concern over the issue as to when our country would be
able to curb terrorism completely. This means that efforts are on and it is quite possible
to put an end to terrorist activities although it could take longer. So, only II is implicit.
8. (c) The use of the world ‘gamble’ indicates that he may either gain or lose in the deal.
9.(e) Clearly, teachers have been instructed to maintain discipline in the class and
point out the naughty students who do not let other students study. So, I is implicit.
Besides, the implementation of the instructions would surely help good students to
concentrate on their studies and ensure a good working atmosphere in the class. So, II
is also implicit.
10. (b) That someone has earned a lot is no reason to share the profit margin with the
customers. So, I is not implicit. Clearly, the offers have been announced to attract more
customers and boost up the sale. So, II is implicit.