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    Unit 8.2 Neutralisation

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    adda yusoff
    This document discusses neutralization and its importance. It defines acids and alkalis, and explains that neutralization occurs when acids and alkalis are mixed, forming a salt and water. Specifically: 1) It describes how to make a neutral solution by slowly adding an acid to an alkali and monitoring the pH, reaching neutral (pH 7) when enough acid is added. 2) Neutralization is important in everyday life, such as antacids neutralizing stomach acid for indigestion, toothpaste neutralizing acid produced by mouth bacteria, and dumping alkalis in acidic lakes and soil to support plant growth. 3) The general equation for neutralization shows that an acid plus an alkali

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    Unit 8.2 Neutralisation

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    adda yusoff
    25 views9 pages
    This document discusses neutralization and its importance. It defines acids and alkalis, and explains that neutralization occurs when acids and alkalis are mixed, forming a salt and water. Specifically: 1) It describes how to make a neutral solution by slowly adding an acid to an alkali and monitoring the pH, reaching neutral (pH 7) when enough acid is added. 2) Neutralization is important in everyday life, such as antacids neutralizing stomach acid for indigestion, toothpaste neutralizing acid produced by mouth bacteria, and dumping alkalis in acidic lakes and soil to support plant growth. 3) The general equation for neutralization shows that an acid plus an alkali

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    This document discusses neutralization and its importance. It defines acids and alkalis, and explains that neutralization occurs when acids and alkalis are mixed, forming a salt and water. Specifically: 1) It describes how to make a neutral solution by slowly adding an acid to an alkali and monitoring the pH, reaching neutral (pH 7) when enough acid is added. 2) Neutralization is important in everyday life, such as antacids neutralizing stomach acid for indigestion, toothpaste neutralizing acid produced by mouth bacteria, and dumping alkalis in acidic lakes and soil to support plant growth. 3) The general equation for neutralization shows that an acid plus an alkali

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views9 pages

    Unit 8.2 Neutralisation

    Uploaded by

    adda yusoff
    This document discusses neutralization and its importance. It defines acids and alkalis, and explains that neutralization occurs when acids and alkalis are mixed, forming a salt and water. Specifically: 1) It describes how to make a neutral solution by slowly adding an acid to an alkali and monitoring the pH, reaching neutral (pH 7) when enough acid is added. 2) Neutralization is important in everyday life, such as antacids neutralizing stomach acid for indigestion, toothpaste neutralizing acid produced by mouth bacteria, and dumping alkalis in acidic lakes and soil to support plant growth. 3) The general equation for neutralization shows that an acid plus an alkali

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    UNIT 8 :CHANGES TO MATERIALS

    Prepared by: Dr Rabi’atul ‘Adawiyah Mat Yusoff

    8.2 Neutralisation
    In this topic you will:
    o Learn how to make a neutral solution.
    o Learn why neutralization is important.

    Universal indicator
    Mixing acids and alkalis
    Alkalis are group of chemicals
    Acids are group of chemicals
    that contain hydroxide ion (OH-)
    that contain hydrogen ion
    e.g. sodium hydroxide,
    (H+) e.g. hydrochloric acid,
    potassium hydroxide & calcium
    sulfuric acid & nitric acid
    hydroxide

    Neutralization reaction occurs when


    acids are mixed with alkalis.

    o When added to much acid on an alkali, it makes acidic liquid.


    o When added to little alkali on an alkali, it stays as an alkaline liquid.
    QUESTIONS PART 1
    Making a neutral solution
    o In the first diagram, the PH flask is about 13. As the
    acidic added, the PH becomes lower. The acid is
    added slowly. The flask is shaken each time some acid
    is added.
    o In the second diagram, 25 cm3 of acid has been added to
    the flask. The PH is now 7. The liquid is now neutral.
    o The acid has reacted with the alkali and neutralized it.
    o In the third diagram, a little bit more acid has been added to
    the flask. The PH in the flask now about 6. the liquid is
    weakly acidic.
    o When this happens there is chemical reaction and a new
    substance are formed. If we use hydrochloric acid and
    sodium hydroxide as reactant, they will react together and
    the product that for, are sodium chloride and water.

    General equation for neutralization

    Acid + Alkali Salt + Water


    Neutralisation in everyday life

    Indigestion
    o Your stomach produces hydrochloric acid. This
    gives the stomach the right condition to digest
    your food.
    o When your stomach produces too much acid,
    you have indigestion. It can be very
    uncomfortable.
    o There are many medicines that can help. They
    are all alkalis and they neutralise the acid.
    Sometimes these medicines are called antacids.
    Neutralisation in everyday life
    Toothpaste
    o There are a million bacteria in your mouth.
    o These bacteria feed on the pieces of food left on
    your teeth.
    o The bacteria produce acid when they feed.
    o The acid damages your teeth and make them
    decay.
    o Toothpaste contain alkali and this helps to
    neutralise the acid.
    Neutralisation in everyday life

    Neutralising lakes
    o In some parts of the world there are harmful
    chemicals in the air that make the rain acidic.
    o This acid rain damages trees and changes the PH
    of the lakes, rivers and ponds.
    o The plants and animals that live in the lakes
    cannot live in acid conditions.
    o Some countries drop alkalis into the lakes to
    neutralise the acid.
    Neutralisation in everyday life

    Growing crops
    o In some areas, the soil is very acidic and plants
    do not grow well.
    o Farmer spread lime on the soil to neutralise the
    acid so that the plants can grow better.
    QUESTIONS PART 2

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