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    Congenital Cataract

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    bharatpurhos
    This document provides information about congenital cataracts, including: - Definitions, epidemiology, and morphological classifications of different types of congenital cataracts. The most common types are punctate (blue dot) and cortical spoke-like cataracts. - Potential causes include familial inheritance, ocular abnormalities, genetic syndromes, infections, and trauma. - Signs and symptoms include cloudiness of the lens visible at birth. Diagnosis involves eye exams and tests to check for underlying conditions. - Treatment is usually surgical removal of the cataract and placement of an intraocular lens. Post-operative care and monitoring for complications is important. Nursing care focuses on pain management

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    Congenital Cataract

    Uploaded by

    bharatpurhos
    23 views27 pages
    This document provides information about congenital cataracts, including: - Definitions, epidemiology, and morphological classifications of different types of congenital cataracts. The most common types are punctate (blue dot) and cortical spoke-like cataracts. - Potential causes include familial inheritance, ocular abnormalities, genetic syndromes, infections, and trauma. - Signs and symptoms include cloudiness of the lens visible at birth. Diagnosis involves eye exams and tests to check for underlying conditions. - Treatment is usually surgical removal of the cataract and placement of an intraocular lens. Post-operative care and monitoring for complications is important. Nursing care focuses on pain management

    Original Title

    Congenital Cataract (1)

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    This document provides information about congenital cataracts, including: - Definitions, epidemiology, and morphological classifications of different types of congenital cataracts. The most common types are punctate (blue dot) and cortical spoke-like cataracts. - Potential causes include familial inheritance, ocular abnormalities, genetic syndromes, infections, and trauma. - Signs and symptoms include cloudiness of the lens visible at birth. Diagnosis involves eye exams and tests to check for underlying conditions. - Treatment is usually surgical removal of the cataract and placement of an intraocular lens. Post-operative care and monitoring for complications is important. Nursing care focuses on pain management

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views27 pages

    Congenital Cataract

    Uploaded by

    bharatpurhos
    This document provides information about congenital cataracts, including: - Definitions, epidemiology, and morphological classifications of different types of congenital cataracts. The most common types are punctate (blue dot) and cortical spoke-like cataracts. - Potential causes include familial inheritance, ocular abnormalities, genetic syndromes, infections, and trauma. - Signs and symptoms include cloudiness of the lens visible at birth. Diagnosis involves eye exams and tests to check for underlying conditions. - Treatment is usually surgical removal of the cataract and placement of an intraocular lens. Post-operative care and monitoring for complications is important. Nursing care focuses on pain management

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 27

    PRESENTATION ON

    Preparaed by:

    sapana gyawali

    Roll.no :26
    Congenital cataract

    Definition

    A congenital cataract is clouding of the lens of the


    eye that is present at birth or develop shortly after
    birth.
    Epidemology

    • The incidence is about 1 in 2000,and approximately


    one third of congenital cataracts are familial, one –
    third are associated with a syndrome, and one –third
    are isolated .
    (friedman,NJ& kaiser,pk,2009)
    Morphological Classifications

    • Anterior polar
    • Posterior polar
    • Coronary
    • Cortical spoke like
    • Sutural
    • Focal /blue dots
    • Lamellaer zonullar
    • Central pulverulent
    Anterior polar cataract

    • May be dominant
    inheritance
    • Capsular
    • Pyramid
    • With peters
    anomaly
    Posterior polar cataract

    • Occular associations
    • Persistent hyaloid
    remnants
    • Posterior lenticonus
    • Persistent
    hyperplastic primary
    vitreous
    Coronary(supranuclear) catarcts

    • Usually sporadic
    • Round opacities in
    deep cortex
    • Surrounds nucleus
    like a crown
    Punctate (blue dot /focal )cataract:

     Most common type


     Appears as
    multiple ,tiny blue
    dots scattered all over
    the lens.
     Bluish color is due to
    the effects of
    dispersion of light.
     Visual acuity is not
    affected.
    Cortical spoke like cataract

    • Characterized by
    white wedge –like
    opacities that start on
    the outer edge of lens
    and work their way to
    the centre having the
    appearance of a
    wheelspoke or star
    like pattern
    Zonular /Lamellar cataract :

    • Linear opacites like spoke


    of a wheel may run
    outward.
    • Usually bilateral .
    • Systemic associated with
    hypovitaminosis D or
    hypocalcemia.
    • Affecting vision.
    Sutural cataract

    • Usually x linked
    inheritance
    • Opacity follows
    shape of Y
    suture.
    Causes

    Most of cases no specific causes can be


    found.possible causes of congenital cataracts
    includes thefollowing:
    • Familial congenital cataract
    • Ocular abnormalities
    • Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Trisomy 13
    • Intrauterine infection
    • Congenital rubella
    • Galactosemia
    • Pierre-robin syndrome
    • Trauma
    Symptpms

    • Cloudiness of the lens that looks like a white spot in


    an otherwise normally dark pupil, often obvious at
    birth with out special viewing equipment.
    • Failure of an infant to show visual awarness of the
    world around him or her ( if cataracts present in both
    eyes)
    • Nystagmus ( unsual rapid eye movements)
    Diagnosis

    History taking
     Duration
     Family history of congenital cataract
     Visual status
     Behavioural pattern and performance
     Birth history and associated factors
     A complete eye examination by an opthalmologist.
     Measurement of visual acuity
     Pupil examination
     External eye examination
     Measurement of intraoccular lense
     Slit lamp examination

     Investigation to rule out hereditaory disorders.


    Blood test and x-rays.
    Management
    • In some cases congenital cataract are mild and not
    visually significant and these cases require no
    treatment.
    • Moderate to severe cataracts that affects vission will
    require surgical cataract removal, followed by
    placement of an artificial intraocular lens(IOL).
    Post operative complications
    • Inflammation
    • Deposition of pigment on lense
    • Iris capture/lens decentration
    • Retinal detachment
    • Glaucoma.
    NURSING MANAGMENT
    ASSESSMENT
     History of illness
     Assess patient general condition.
     Assess affected side for redness,swelling
     monitor and report sign.
     physical examination
    Nursing managment
    Assessment
     History of illness
     Assess patient general condition.
     Assess affected side for redness,swelling
     monitor and report sign.
     physical examination
    NURSING DIAGNOSIS

     Pain related to surgical Intervention.


    Disturbed sensory percepation related to
    visual impairment.
    Selfcare deficits related to inconvenience
    Risk for injury related to visual acuity deficits.
    NURSING INTERVENTAION

    • keep patient in calm environment


    • Provide medication
    • Preventing infections by caring and cleaning
    eyes with aseptic precautions following
    priciples of handwashing,eyecare.
    • Preventing injury, teaching the child and
    family about eye care.
    EVALUATION
    • Relived pain
    • Resting comfortably
    • Anxiety reduced
    • injury preventation and precaution
    maintained
    PRE-OPERATIVE CARE
    • Informed consent: with detail information about
    procedure,risk invoved and outcome expected.
    • Physical Prepration- Eye Operated side should be marked.
    • Hygiene maintain
    • Trimming of eye lashes.
    • Hair wash and female patient should comb their hair.
    • psychological prepration.
    • preoperative eye drops:Topical antibiotices e.g.toical
    tropicamide ,topical cyclooxygenase inhibitors helps in
    maintinaing mydriasis during operative procedure.
    POST OPERATIVE CARE
    • Routine care of patient after anaesthesia.
    • Immadiately after surgery,position the patient in
    supine or unoperative sites for safety measure.
    • Protect operative eye with shield or patch.
    • Avoid all activities that rise IOP e.g coughing, sneezing
    and bending forward etc.
    • Administer topical medicine i.e. cycloplegic,a mydriate
    and a combination of antibiotics and steriods.
    • use analgesic to relif pain.
    • Teach to maintain personal hygiene and advice
    to wear sun glass during sunlight.
    • Educate family and the patient in self care
    management including self administration of
    eye drops.
    Thank you

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