What is Verb?

• These refers to action words

describing what the nouns
perform.
What do verb express?
• Physical Actions refer to
physical activities.

 Examples: to draw, to write, to

sketch, to walk.
What do verb express?
• Mental Actions refer to
mental activities.

 Examples: to think, to guess,

to consider, to imagine.
What do verb express?
• State of Being verbs express
no activity or action.
 Examples: to be, to appear, to
exist, to seem.
 Examples: to think, to guess,
to consider, to imagine
 Subject Verb to be
Past Tense Present Tense Future Tense
I was am will be
You were are will be
He / She / It was is will be
We were are will be
You were are will be
They were are will be
1. Action Verbs
• These refer to words that tell
the activity of a person.
Examples:
 The students are repairing the car’s
engine.
 The whole class reads the policies on
how to avoid the covid-19 pandemic.
2. Stative Verbs
• Refer to words that express a
state of being, a thought, or an
emotion instead of action.
Examples:
 The employees wish to stay at home.
 The students are afraid of the
pandemic.
3. Transitive Verbs
• Refer to words that act on something.
This is commonly called a “Direct
Object”. Transitive verbs usually
answer the question “WHAT?”
Examples:
 Those students’ found the lost plates.
 The applicants submitted their letters
to the President.
4. Intransitive Verbs
• Refer to words that do not act on
something. (No direct object)

Examples:
 Somebody in the English class
shouted loudly.
 Lorena drove across the bridge.
5. Auxiliary Verbs
• “Helping verbs” supplement the
main verb to express its tense,
voice, and mood.
Examples:
 The attendance of the students has
been appreciated.
 The engineer has submitted his
project proposal.
6. Modal Verbs
• These are verbs that are
used to express ability,
permission, possibility,
and obligation.
Examples:
1. Will or Would
• Will – expresses beliefs, future
actions, and a offer.

 The student will design a lot of

top-quality buildings.
Examples:
1. Will or Would
• Would – expresses past actions
and courtesy/politeness.

 The student would have designed a

top-quality building.
Examples:
2. Can or Could
• Can – expresses “ability” in the
present tense.

 Mary can read a whole book in

two days.
Examples:
2. Can or Could
• Could – expresses “ability” in
the past tense.

 Mary could read one whole book

in two days when her vision was
clearer.
Examples:
3. May or might
• May – expresses/shows higher
possibility.

 If you will continue with you bad

attitude, our boss may fire you.
Examples:
3. May or might
• Might – expresses/shows lower
possibility.

 Do not forget to bring your

umbrella. It might rain later.
Examples:
4. Should
• Should – expresses “obligation”

 I should be at the school at 7:00

am.
 I should pick up my brother from
school.
Examples:
5. Must
• Must – expresses “necessity”

 You must stop playing computer

or online games.
 We must fasten our seatbelts.
6. Phrasal Verbs
• These refer to verbs that
consists of more than one
word - a main verb and
another word which can be
a preposition or a particle.
Examples:
1. Act on - To take action based on
the information received.

 The Faculty members ACT ON the

problem caused by the COVID-19
pandemic.
Examples:
2. Back off – To retreat or withdraw.

 The chair of the department told

the students to BACK OFF.
Examples:
3. Fill out – To write information on
a blank form.

 The applicants are asked to FILL

OUT the application form.
Examples:
4. Look down – To feel that you are
better than other person.

 That student always LOOKS

DOWN on his classmates.
Examples:
5. Dig into – To reach inside in order
to get something needed.

 The mother DIGS INTO her wallet

to get money for the allowance of
her engineering son.
8. Regular Verbs
• Regular Verbs are those verbs
forming their past tense and past
participle by just adding -d or -ed.

 Examples: talk-talked, walk-walked

solve-solved, compute- computed.
9. Irregular Verbs
• Irregular Verbs are those verbs
that do not follow the general rule
of using -d or –ed. to get their
past tense and past participle.

 Examples: get-got-gotten, see-saw-

seen, leave-left-left, write-wrote-
written.
 Common Irregular Verbs
Irregular Verbs Past Tense Past Particle

arise arose arisen

build built built
catch caught caught
draw drew drawn
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
Voices of Verbs?
• Voices of verbs refer to the
thinking whether the subject is
the doer of the action or the
receiver of the action. Voices also
tell the relationship between the
subject and verb of a particular
sentence.
1. Active Voice expresses that the subject
performs the action. It is the normal
sentence construction (Subject + verb +
Object).
 Example: The students in the classroom
Subject

finish their project proposal.

Verb Direct Object
2. Passive Voice expresses that the
subject does not perform the
action, instead, it receives the
action. In the passive voice, we are
emphasizing the action and the
object of the sentence.
To avoid confusion in using the passive
voice of the verb, observe this pattern
of sentence construction: Object + LV
+ Verb-Past Participle + by + Subject

 Example: The project proposal is

Object LV

finished by the students.

Tenses of
Verbs
Tenses of Verbs
• Tenses of verbs refer to the
time when the action happens
or occurs and whether the
action is habitual, ongoing, or
already completed.
 Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect
Continuous
Present Present Present Present Present
Simple Continuous Perfect Continuous

Past Past Past Past Past

Simple Continuous Perfect Continuous

Future Future Future Future Future

Simple Continuous Perfect Continuous
1. Present Simple
Form: subject + verb (present V1)
Habits or routines:

 I drink coffee in the morning.

 Shawn goes to the Church on Sundays
 Children often play video games after
school.
1. Present Simple
Form: subject + verb (present V1)
Facts:

 Cathy works as a teacher.

 You sing very well.
 Sun rises in the east.
2. Present Continuous
Form: subject + am/is/are + verb (-ing)
Actions happening now:

 I am drinking coffee right now.

 We are having breakfast.
 It is raining outside.
2. Present Continuous
Form: subject + am/is/are + verb (-ing)
Temporary Activities:

 John is learning to play the piano.

 I am watching a really interesting TV
series at the moment.
 My sister is staying with us for a couple
of weeks.
3. Past Simple
 Form: subject + verb (past / V2)
Completed actions in the past:

 I played soccer with my friends last

Saturday
 We received the package this morning.
 My grandfather built this house in 1986.
 Antonio lived in Malaysia for five years.
4. Past Continuous
Form: subject + was /were + verb (-ing)
Unfinished, ongoing action in the past (+
finished action)

 I was having dinner with my family

when the doorbell rang.
 It was raining when Freya left for
work.
 Review 1
Present Simple:
• I drink coffee every morning.
Present Continuous:
• I am drinking coffee right now.
Past Simple:
• I drank coffee yesterday.
Past Continuous:
• I was drinking coffee this morning
when I got a phone call from my boss.
5. Present Perfect
Form: subject + has / have + verb (past
participle / V3)
Recent actions or event:

 I have finished my homework.

 Arthur has lost his glasses at the party.
 The police have arrested a young man
in connection with the robbery.
6. Present Perfect Continuous
Form: subject + has/have been + verb (-ing)
Actions that started in the past and are
still continuing:

 I have been waiting to see the doctor

for two hours / since 5 pm.
 He has been playing tennis since he
was a child / for 20 years.
Other examples:
Actions that started in the past and are
still continuing:

 She has been learning English for eight

months / since October.
 We have been living in this town for a
very long time / since 1980.
 It has been raining all morning / since
4am.
7. Past Perfect
Form: subject + had + verb (past participle/ V3)
The first past action (when there are two
or more actions)

 When I got to the theater, the movie

had started.
 I was sick because I had eaten too
many the previous night.
Other examples:
The first past action (when there are two
or more actions)

 The girl looked very familiar. I had seen

her somewhere before.
 Joel rushed to his boss’s office, but she
had gone home already.
8. Past Perfect Continuous
Form: subject + had been + verb (-ing)
The first past action is continuous:

 I felt really tired because I had been

driving all day.
 She had been waiting for two hours
when the doctor finally arrived.
Other examples:
The first past action is continuous:

 The ground was wet because it had

been raining.
 When he quit his job at the factory, he
had been working there for 12 years.
 Review 2
Present Perfect:
• I had washed the dishes.
Present Perfect Continuous:
• I had been washing the dishes for half an
hour.
Past Perfect:
• When I left to work, I had washed the dishes.
Past Perfect Continuous:
• When the phone rang, I had been washing
the dishes for half an hour.
9. Future Simple
Form: subject + am/is/are going to + verb (base)
a) Going to – plans or intentions

 We are going to buy a car.

 I am going to start exercising regularly.
 Ron is going to take a vacation from
work.
9. Future Simple
Form: subject + am/is/are + verb (-ing)
b) Present continuous – fixed arrangements

 I am having lunch with my parents on

Saturday.
 We are flying to Canada the day after
tomorrow.
 Going to vs. present continuous
1. I am going to see the dentist sometime next
week. (plan)
• I am seeing the dentist tomorrow
afternoon. (arrangement)

2. We are going to get married this year. (plan)

• We are getting married on April 21st.
(arrangement)
9. Future Simple
Form: subject + will + verb (base)
c) Will – instant decisions, offers, promises

 May I take your order?

• Yes, I will have the burger and fries
combo, please. (instant decision)
9. Future Simple
Form: subject + will + verb (base)
c) Will – instant decisions, offers, promises

 It’s hard to get a cab at this hour.

• I will give you a ride home. (offer)
9. Future Simple
Form: subject + will + verb (base)
c) Will – instant decisions, offers, promises

 Can you lend me 200 pesos?

• I will pay you back next week. (promise)
10. Future Continuous
Form: subject + will be + verb (-ing)
Ongoing actions in the future:

 The students will be leaving the room

at 12:00 noon.
 One of the students will be taking the
examinations soon.
11. Future Perfect
Form: subject + will have + verb (past
participle / V3)
Completed actions in the future:

 By August, Aaron will have saved 600

pesos.
 By 5 pm, we will have painted the
living room.
12. Future Perfect Continuous
Form: subject + will have been + verb (-ing)
Ongoing action in the future (with
duration)

 By August, Aaron will have been

saving money for six months.
 By 5 pm, we will have been painting
the living room for ten hours.
 Practical Writing Activity!
(The What If Challenge)
Directions: Make a short article out of “What
If…
Example: What if all people in the world
were psychologist?
• After you complete your piece, underline
all the physical verbs, circle the mental
verbs, and box the state of being verbs.