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Chap 13

The document discusses different types of wireless LAN technologies and applications. It describes how wireless LANs can be used for LAN extension within a building, connecting buildings nearby, providing nomadic access for mobile devices, and enabling temporary ad hoc networks. It also covers infrared and spread spectrum wireless LAN configurations, and differences between licensed and unlicensed narrowband microwave wireless LANs.

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163 views20 pages

Chap 13

The document discusses different types of wireless LAN technologies and applications. It describes how wireless LANs can be used for LAN extension within a building, connecting buildings nearby, providing nomadic access for mobile devices, and enabling temporary ad hoc networks. It also covers infrared and spread spectrum wireless LAN configurations, and differences between licensed and unlicensed narrowband microwave wireless LANs.

Uploaded by

api-26355935
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Wireless LAN Technology

Wireless LAN Applications


 LAN Extension
 Cross-building interconnect
 Nomadic Access
 Ad hoc networking
LAN Extension
 Wireless LAN linked into a wired LAN on
same premises
 Wired LAN
 Backbone
 Support servers and stationary workstations
 Wireless LAN
 Stations in large open areas
 Manufacturing plants, stock exchange trading
floors, and warehouses
Multiple-cell Wireless LAN
Cross-Building Interconnect
 Connect LANs in nearby buildings
 Wired or wireless LANs
 Point-to-point wireless link is used
 Devices connected are typically bridges or
routers
Nomadic Access
 Wireless link between LAN hub and mobile
data terminal equipped with antenna
 Laptop computer or notepad computer
 Uses:
 Transfer data from portable computer to office
server
 Extended environment such as campus
Ad Hoc Networking
 Temporary peer-to-peer network set up to
meet immediate need
 Example:
 Group of employees with laptops convene for a
meeting; employees link computers in a
temporary network for duration of meeting
Wireless LAN Requirements
 Throughput
 Number of nodes
 Connection to backbone LAN
 Service area
 Battery power consumption
 Transmission robustness and security
 Collocated network operation
 License-free operation
 Handoff/roaming
 Dynamic configuration
Wireless LAN Categories
 Infrared (IR) LANs
 Spread spectrum LANs
 Narrowband microwave
Strengths of Infrared Over
Microwave Radio
 Spectrum for infrared virtually unlimited
 Possibility of high data rates
 Infrared spectrum unregulated
 Equipment inexpensive and simple
 Reflected by light-colored objects
 Ceiling reflection for entire room coverage
 Doesn’t penetrate walls
 More easily secured against eavesdropping
 Less interference between different rooms
Drawbacks of Infrared Medium
 Indoor environments experience infrared
background radiation
 Sunlight and indoor lighting
 Ambient radiation appears as noise in an
infrared receiver
 Transmitters of higher power required
 Limited by concerns of eye safety and excessive
power consumption
 Limits range
IR Data Transmission
Techniques
 Directed Beam Infrared
 Ominidirectional
 Diffused
Directed Beam Infrared
 Used to create point-to-point links
 Range depends on emitted power and
degree of focusing
 Focused IR data link can have range of
kilometers
 Cross-building interconnect between bridges or
routers
Ominidirectional
 Single base station within line of sight of all
other stations on LAN
 Station typically mounted on ceiling
 Base station acts as a multiport repeater
 Ceiling transmitter broadcasts signal received
by IR transceivers
 IR transceivers transmit with directional beam
aimed at ceiling base unit
Diffused
 All IR transmitters focused and aimed at a
point on diffusely reflecting ceiling
 IR radiation strikes ceiling
 Reradiated omnidirectionally
 Picked up by all receivers
Spread Spectrum LAN
Configuration
 Multiple-cell arrangement (Figure 13.2)
 Within a cell, either peer-to-peer or hub
 Peer-to-peer topology
 No hub
 Access controlled with MAC algorithm
 CSMA
 Appropriate for ad hoc LANs
Spread Spectrum LAN
Configuration
 Hub topology
 Mounted on the ceiling and connected to
backbone
 May control access
 May act as multiport repeater
 Automatic handoff of mobile stations
 Stations in cell either:
 Transmit to / receive from hub only

Broadcast using omnidirectional antenna
Narrowband Microwave LANs
 Use of a microwave radio frequency band
for signal transmission
 Relatively narrow bandwidth
 Licensed
 Unlicensed
Licensed Narrowband RF
 Licensed within specific geographic areas
to avoid potential interference
 Motorola - 600 licenses in 18-GHz range
 Covers all metropolitan areas
 Can assure that independent LANs in nearby
locations don’t interfere
 Encrypted transmissions prevent eavesdropping
Unlicensed Narrowband RF
 RadioLAN introduced narrowband wireless
LAN in 1995
 Uses unlicensed ISM spectrum
 Used at low power (0.5 watts or less)
 Operates at 10 Mbps in the 5.8-GHz band
 Range = 50 m to 100 m

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