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    Curriculum Dev. Processess and Models

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    victor.licmoan
    The curriculum development process involves 4 main steps: 1. Curriculum planning which establishes the vision, mission, goals and desired learning outcomes. 2. Curriculum design which determines how content will be organized and taught as well as how learning will be assessed. 3. Implementation where teachers facilitate learning activities in the classroom to achieve the intended outcomes. 4. Evaluation to determine if outcomes have been achieved and identify areas for improvement. There are several models for the curriculum development process. Ralph Tyler's model emphasizes planning and considers the purpose, experiences, organization and evaluation. Hilda Taba's model engages teachers and follows a bottom-up approach. The Saylor-Alexander model specifies goals,

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    Curriculum Dev. Processess and Models

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    victor.licmoan
    13 views17 pages
    The curriculum development process involves 4 main steps: 1. Curriculum planning which establishes the vision, mission, goals and desired learning outcomes. 2. Curriculum design which determines how content will be organized and taught as well as how learning will be assessed. 3. Implementation where teachers facilitate learning activities in the classroom to achieve the intended outcomes. 4. Evaluation to determine if outcomes have been achieved and identify areas for improvement. There are several models for the curriculum development process. Ralph Tyler's model emphasizes planning and considers the purpose, experiences, organization and evaluation. Hilda Taba's model engages teachers and follows a bottom-up approach. The Saylor-Alexander model specifies goals,

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    The curriculum development process involves 4 main steps: 1. Curriculum planning which establishes the vision, mission, goals and desired learning outcomes. 2. Curriculum design which determines how content will be organized and taught as well as how learning will be assessed. 3. Implementation where teachers facilitate learning activities in the classroom to achieve the intended outcomes. 4. Evaluation to determine if outcomes have been achieved and identify areas for improvement. There are several models for the curriculum development process. Ralph Tyler's model emphasizes planning and considers the purpose, experiences, organization and evaluation. Hilda Taba's model engages teachers and follows a bottom-up approach. The Saylor-Alexander model specifies goals,

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    13 views17 pages

    Curriculum Dev. Processess and Models

    Uploaded by

    victor.licmoan
    The curriculum development process involves 4 main steps: 1. Curriculum planning which establishes the vision, mission, goals and desired learning outcomes. 2. Curriculum design which determines how content will be organized and taught as well as how learning will be assessed. 3. Implementation where teachers facilitate learning activities in the classroom to achieve the intended outcomes. 4. Evaluation to determine if outcomes have been achieved and identify areas for improvement. There are several models for the curriculum development process. Ralph Tyler's model emphasizes planning and considers the purpose, experiences, organization and evaluation. Hilda Taba's model engages teachers and follows a bottom-up approach. The Saylor-Alexander model specifies goals,

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    Curriculum

    Development:
    Processes and
    Models
    Objective
    Explain and summarize the
    curriculum development process
    and models
    Curriculum Development Process

    1. Curriculum Planning considers the school


    vision, mission, and goals. It also includes the
    philosophy or strong education belief of the
    school. All of these will eventually be
    translated to classroom desired learning
    outcomes for the learners.
    2. Curriculum Designing is the way curriculum is
    conceptualized to include the selection and
    organization of content, the selection and
    organization of learning experiences or activities
    and the selection of the assessment procedure and
    tools to measure achieve learning outcomes. A
    curriculum desire will also include the resources to
    be utilized and the statement of the intended
    learning outcomes.
    3. Curriculum Implementing is putting into action the
    plan which is based on the curriculum design in the
    classroom setting or learning environment. The teacher is
    the facilitator of learning and, together with the learners,
    uses the curriculum as design guides to what will tranpire
    inthe classroom with the end in view of achieving the
    intended learning outcomes. Implementing the curriculum
    is where action takes place. It involves the activities that
    transpire in every teacher’s classroom when learning
    becomes an active process.
    4. Curriculum Evaluating determines the extent to
    which the desired outcomes have been achieved. This
    procedure is on-going as in finding out the progress of
    learning (formative) or the mastery of learning
    (summative). Along the way, evaluation will determine
    the factors that have hindered or supported the
    implementation. It will also pinpoint where
    improvement can be made and corrective measures,
    introduced. The result of evaluation is very important
    for decision making of curriculum planners, and
    implementors.
    Curriculum Development Process Models

    1.Ralph Tyler Model: Four Basic Principles


    Also known as Tyler’s Rationale, the
    curriculum development model emphasizes the
    planning phase. This is represented in his book
    Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction.
    He posited four fundamental principles which
    are illustrated as answers to the following
    questions:
    1.What education purposes should school seek to attain?
    2.What educational experiences can be provided that are
    likely to attain these purposes?
    3.How can these educational experiences be effectively
    organized?
    4.How can we determine whether these purposes are being
    attained or not?
    Tyler’s model shows that in curriculum development,
    the following considerations should be made:

    1. Purpose of the school


    2. Educational experiences related to the purposes
    3. Organization of the experiences
    4. Evaluation of the experience
    2. Hilda Taba Model: Grassroots Approach
    Hilda Taba improved on Tyler’s model.
    She beleived that teachers should participate in
    developing a curriculum. As a grassroots
    approach Taba begins from the bottom, rather
    than from the top as what Tyler proposed.
    She presented seven major steps to her linear model
    which are the following:
    1. Diagnosis of learners’ needs and expectations
    of the larger society.
    2. Formulation of learning objectives
    3. Selection of learning contents
    4. Organization of learning contents
    5. Selection of learning experiences
    6. Determination of what to evaluate and
    the means of doing
    3. Galen Saylor and William Alexander
    Curriculum Model
    Curriculum is “a plan for providing sets of
    learning opportunities to acheive broad
    educational goals and related specific objectives
    for an identifiable population served by a single
    school center”.
    1. Goals, Objectives and Domains Curriculum planners
    begin by specifying the major educational goals and
    specific objectives they wish to accomplish. Each major
    goal epresents a curriculum domain: personal
    development, human relations, continued learning skills
    and specialization. The goals, objectives and domainsare
    identified and chosen based on research findings,
    accreditation standards, and views of the different
    stakeholders.
    2. Curriculum Designing Designing a curriculum
    follows after appropriate learning opportunities are
    determined and how each opportunity is provided. Will
    the curriculum be desisgned along the lines of academic
    disciplines, or according to student needs and interests
    or along themes? These are some of the questions that
    need to be answered at this stage of the development
    process.
    3. Curriculum Implementation A designed
    curriculum is now ready for implementation.
    Teachers then prepare instructional plans where
    instructional objectives is specified and
    appropriate teaching methods and strategies are
    utilized to achive the desired learning outcomes
    among students.
    4. Evaluation The last step of the curriculum model is
    evaluation. A comprehensive evaluation using a variety of
    evaluation techniques is recommended. It should include
    the educational programme of the school and the
    curriculum plan, the effectiveness of the instruction and
    the achievement of students. Through the evauation
    process, curriculum planner and developers can determine
    whether or not the goals of the school and the objectives
    of instruction have been met.
    Thank
    you!

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