05 Ohms Law - Presentation

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Ohm's Law

Purpose
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the role of resistors and capacitors
in electronic circuits.

Ohm’s Law
Ohm defines the unit of resistance of "1 Ohm" as the resistance between two points
in a conductor where the application of 1 volt will push 1 ampere

𝑉 =𝐼𝑅
Voltage (volt)
Resistance (W)
Current (Ampere “A”)
Difference between Series & Parallel circuit

1 1 1 1
𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅 3 = + +
𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅 1 𝑅2 𝑅3
Difference between Ohmic and non Ohmic Resistor

linear non-linear
Slope = Resistance curved exponential fit
Examples: diodes, bulb filaments
Depending on temperature
Before you start your work, you must understand some points about capacitor

What is a Capacitor?
A capacitor is a device that is used for
storing electrical energy in an electric field.
What are applications of capacitors?
Electronic noise filtering - Remote sensing

What is capacitor consist of?


A capacitor has two plates: a positive plate and a negative plate.
As electrical current flows through the electrical circuit, the capacitor
collects energy at the positive plate. An equal amount of electrical charge
flows from the negative plate simultaneously, maintaining equal charges at
both plates. The capacitor holds the energy that was collected when the
electrical circuit is switched off.
What is the difference between Charging/Discharging of capacitor?

The capacitor is fully charged when the


voltage of the power supply is equal to that at
the capacitor terminals. This is called
capacitor charging; and the charging phase is
over when current stops flowing through the
electrical circuit.

When the power supply is removed from the


capacitor, the discharging phase begins.
During discharging, there is a constant
reduction in the voltage between the two
plates until it reaches zero.
Experimental
Actual
Resistance Resistance Percentage of error
Resistance
(From graph)

10 Ω 10 Ω

33 Ω 33 Ω

100 Ω 100 Ω

Series connection
(10 Ω + 33 Ω)
arallel connection
(10 Ω + 33 Ω)

𝑜𝑛 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟
Two important hints:
𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅 3

1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= + +
𝑅 1 𝑅2 𝑅3
= + +
𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅 1 𝑅2 𝑅3
To get percentage of error , use this:
To get , press this
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 %=
|
𝑅 𝑒𝑥𝑝 − 𝑅 𝑡 h 𝑒𝑜
𝑅𝑡 h 𝑒𝑜
×100
|
- To get theoretical values, use
resistance values from the circuit
- To get experimental values, use
resistance values from
calculations

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