PSC Lecture 03

PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Lecture -03
By
DR. M. SRINIVASULA REDDY
Ph.D. (IITBBS), M.Tech(IITR)
Civil Engineering Department
G Pulla Reddy Engineering College (A), Kurnool
STRAND
DUCT
Stages of Post tensioning
 In post-tensioning systems, the ducts for the tendons (or
strands) are placed along with the reinforcement before the
casting of concrete.
 The tendons are placed in the ducts after the casting of
concrete.
The duct prevents contact between concrete and the tendons
during the tensioning operation.
 Unlike pre-tensioning, the tendons are pulled with the reaction
acting against the hardened concrete.
 For a simply supported member, the duct has a sagging profile
between the ends. For a continuous member, the duct sags in the
span and hogs over the support.
Stages of Post tensioning
The essential devices for post-tensioning:
1) Casting bed
2) Mould/Shuttering
3) Ducts
4) Anchoring devices
5) Jacks
6) Couplers (optional)
7) Grouting equipment
Anchoring Devices
In post-tensioned members the anchoring devices transfer the
prestress to the concrete.
The devices are based on the following principles of anchoring
the tendons.
1) Wedge action
2) Direct bearing
3) Looping the wires
Wedge action
The anchoring device based on wedge action consists of an
anchorage block and wedges. The strands are held by
frictional grip of the wedges in the anchorage block.
Freyssinet System Anchorage
cones
Anchorage device
Anchorage device
Sequence of Anchoring
The following figures show the sequence of stressing and

anchoring the strands.
Sequence of Anchoring
Final form of Anchoring device
Manufacturing of Post tensioned member
Fabrication of Reinforcement
Placing of Tendons
Stretching & anchoring of Tendons

SYSTEMS OF POST-TENSIONING
Freyssinet System of Post tensioning
 This system is very widely used in India & European
countries.
 Suitable for medium to large range of prestressing force.
 Ducts used are of circular in shape formed by pneumatic
tube or metal or plastic sheathing.
 Tensioning all wires at a time – Hydraulic jack.
 This system anchors the prestressing cables by wedge
action with the help of two cones, the female cone and the male
cone.
The prestressing cables generally consist of 8, 12 or 18 nos.
of either 5 mm or 7 mm wires and these wires are inserted
between the walls of male and female cone, stressed and then
released. The recoiling tendency of the wires forces down the
male cone and locks the wires by wedge action.
Freyssinet System of Post tensioning
 No further recoiling of the wires is possible and these are
permanently anchored to the concrete members.
Both the male and the female cones are made of high grade
concrete with closely spaced spiral reinforcement. The male cone is
slightly tapered in the form of wedge.
The tensioning or stressing of the cables is made with the help of
Freyssinet jacks specially made for the purpose.
During concreting, the cables are protected with the help of metal
sheath so that no bond is developed between the concrete and the
prestressing steel otherwise tensioning of the prestressing steel will
not be possible. Special care should be taken to make the sheath
leak-proof.
 After prestressing, cement grout is injected into the space
between the cable and the sheath for further safety against slippage
of the cables. The cement grout also protects the cables against
corrosion.
Anchorage for Freyssinet System
Magnel System of Post tensioning
 This system is very useful for applying small, medium and large
prestressing forces.
 Type of tendons - wires
 It consists of flat wedges, metallic sandwich plates, distribution plate
for anchoring the wires.
 Each steel sandwich plate can anchor 8 nos. wires. The capacity of
each distribution plate is usually multiple of 8 wires.
The sandwich plates may be cast in proper place on to the end block
during concreting or may be laid with grout during the time of
stressing. No. of wires in cable varies from 2 to 64.
 Ducts used are of rectangular, formed by solid rubber core or by
metal sheath around the cable.
 Type of anchorage – Pairs of wires held by flat steel wedges in
sandwich plates bearing on distribution plates.
Magnel System of Post tensioning
 This system also makes use of 5 mm. or 7 mm. wires as
prestressing steel and the principle of anchoring the wires is the same
as that of Freyssinet System viz. by wedge action but the main
difference is that these wedges are made of steel instead of concrete
and flat in shape instead of conical male cone of Freyssinet system.
These flat wedges anchor the wires by friction against the steel
sandwich plates which against rest on steel distribution plates. The
prestressing force from the cable is ultimately transferred to the
concrete member through these distribution plates.
 In Freyssinet system, all the wires in a cable are stressed at a time
but in Magnel-Blaton system, only two wires are stressed at a time.
Anchorage for Magnel Bolton
System of Prestressing
Gifford-Udall System of Post tensioning
 This system is very useful for applying small and medium
prestressing forces only.
 It consists of steel split cone and cylindrical female cone
anchorages to house high tensile wires bearing against steel
plates.
 Each wire is tensioned separately and anchored by forcing
a sleeve wedge into a cylindrical grip resting against a bearing
plate.
 Ducts used are of circular in shape formed by pneumatic
tube or steel rod. Evenly spaced by perforated spacers at
intervals
 Tensioning wires singly – Hydraulic jack.
 The diameters of wires usually used in this system are 4
mm, 5 mm and 7 mm. The anchorage unit consists of one
thrust ring, one bearing plate and anchorage grips
Gifford-Udall System of Post tensioning
The anchorage grip is a steel cylinder having a tapered hole inside
through which split, tapered steel wedge is inserted.
The wire to be anchored is passed through the steel wedge pressed
between the two halves. In this system, each wire is anchored with
independent grip and therefore, any number of wires may be
arranged in each unit.
The cylindrical grip bears against steel bearing plate through which
a number of holes are drilled to facilitate passage of wires to be
anchored. The bearing plate again bears against a thrust ring which
ultimately transmits the prestressing force to the concrete member.
Anchorage in Gifford-Udall System of Prestressing

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PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

The following figures show the sequence of stressing and

Stretching & anchoring of Tendons

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