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    Lipids

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    Zairene Tabur
    The document defines lipids and their importance and classification. Lipids are nonpolar molecules used for energy storage and in biological structures, and include fats, oils, and phospholipids. They are important as an energy source and in structures like cell membranes. Lipids are classified as simple, consisting of fatty acids bonded to alcohols, or compound, with additional groups bonded to fatty acids, including phospholipids, glycolipids, and lipoproteins.

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    Lipids

    Uploaded by

    Zairene Tabur
    9 views20 pages
    The document defines lipids and their importance and classification. Lipids are nonpolar molecules used for energy storage and in biological structures, and include fats, oils, and phospholipids. They are important as an energy source and in structures like cell membranes. Lipids are classified as simple, consisting of fatty acids bonded to alcohols, or compound, with additional groups bonded to fatty acids, including phospholipids, glycolipids, and lipoproteins.

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    The document defines lipids and their importance and classification. Lipids are nonpolar molecules used for energy storage and in biological structures, and include fats, oils, and phospholipids. They are important as an energy source and in structures like cell membranes. Lipids are classified as simple, consisting of fatty acids bonded to alcohols, or compound, with additional groups bonded to fatty acids, including phospholipids, glycolipids, and lipoproteins.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    9 views20 pages

    Lipids

    Uploaded by

    Zairene Tabur
    The document defines lipids and their importance and classification. Lipids are nonpolar molecules used for energy storage and in biological structures, and include fats, oils, and phospholipids. They are important as an energy source and in structures like cell membranes. Lipids are classified as simple, consisting of fatty acids bonded to alcohols, or compound, with additional groups bonded to fatty acids, including phospholipids, glycolipids, and lipoproteins.

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    LIPIDS

    Learning target
     Define Lipids
     Characterized Lipid and its importance to the body
     Differentiates classes of Lipids
     Define fatty acid
     Illustrate the chemical formula of the different types of fatty
    acids and their role in the human body.
    Definition
    o Nonpolar Biological molecule
    used by organisms for long
    term energy storage (fats, oils)
    and as elements of biological
    structures (phospholipids, cell
    membrane, waxes)
    Characteristics
    o They insoluble in water but
    soluble in nonpolar organic
    solvent such as chloroform
    and acetone.
    o they are made up of
    hydrocarbons, +O, +N, +P.
    1. As a source of Energy
    -oxidation of fatty acids is a major
    means of metabolic energy
    production.

    2. Structural Component
    - Membrane is largely composed of
    lipids (phospholipids, glycolipid
    and cholesterol.

    Importance of Lipids
    Importance of Lipids

     Surround and insulate


    vital organ
     Provides protection
    from mechanical shock
     Prevent the excessive
    loss of energy.
    Classification of
    LIPIDS
    SIMPLE LIPIDS
    -ester of fatty acid with
    various alcohols.

    Triacylgylcerol
    -They are triester of fatty
    acid glycerol

    Waxes
    -ester of fatty acid
    Classification of
    LIPIDS
    Compuond LIPIDS
    -esters of fatty acids with
    containing group in addition to
    alcohol and a fatty acid

    Phospholipids
    Glucolipids
    Lipoproteins
    FATTY ACIDS
    o Naturally occurs
    o Monocarboxylic
    acid.
    • Acyclic and
    unbranched
    • Are short to long
    chain
    – Organic acid have 4-
    24 carbon having
    single carboxyl group
    and a long nonpolar
    hydrocarbon.
    • . A typical fatty acid contains 12–18 carbons, though
    some may have as few as 4 or as many as 36.
    Saturated
    • Fats that are tightly
    packed with no double
    bonds between the fatty
    acids
    Saturated
    Sources of saturated
    fat include:

    • fatty pieces of meat such as beef


    and lamb
    • some pork and chicken products
    • dairy products including cream,
    whole milk, butter, shortening,
    and cheese
    • coconut and palm oils
    Unsaturated Fatty acid
    • – Fats that are loosely pack. They tend to be liquid at room
    temperature.
    • They are what we call “oils”. 4
    • For instance, olive oil is mostly made up of unsaturated fats.
    Unsaturated Fatty acid
    • When the hydrocarbon chain has a double
    bond, the fatty acid is said to be unsaturated,
    as it now has fewer hydrogens.
    • If there is just one double bond in a fatty acid,
    it’s monounsaturated, while if there are
    multiple double bonds, it’s polyunsaturated.
    Activity 1

    In a bond paper , illustrate the structure of


    waxes, phospholipids and steroids.

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