ADJUSTING ENTRIES PPT Examples and Activity

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ADJUSTING

ENTRIES
FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 1
8 STEPS IN ACCOUNTING CYCLE
1. Identify and analyze transaction
2. Record transactions in a journal
3. Post transactions to a general ledger
4. Determine the unadjusted trial balance
5. Analyze the worksheet
6. Adjust journal entries and fix any errors
7. Create financial statements.
8. Close the book
Prepaid expenses. Expense already paid
but not yet incurred
• Advance payment of expenses.
• Prepaid expenses are assets.
• A portion or all may have expired (becomes an
expenses) at the end of an accounting period.
• Expired either with the passage of time or through
use and consumption
• Supplies, Rent and Insurance
Problem Example:
On October 1, 2023, X Company paid one year advance rent
for ₱ 24,000.00.

Prepaid Rent 24,000.00


Journal Entry upon
24,000.00
payment on Oct. 1, Cash
2023 Paid one year rent in advance

Adjusting Journal
Rent Expense 6,000.00
Entry at the end of
the accounting Prepaid Rent 6,0000
period Dec. 31, To record the expired rent for the year
2023
Practice Problem:
Paid ₱36,000.00 one year insurance to commence
August 1, 2023. The amount o premium was debited
to Prepaid Insurance.

Insurance Expense 15,000.00

Prepaid Insurance 15,000.00

To record the expired insurance for the year


Unearned Income/ Revenue. Income already
collected but not yet earned
Received revenue in advance before service is
rendered or goods are delivered.
The entity incurred an obligation to perform
services or deliver goods.
Liability account = Unearned Revenue
Practice Examples:
1. On November 30, 2023, X Company received ₱
36,000.00 advance rental for six months.

2. Received ₱51,000.00 cash advance from a


customer for one-year services to be rendered
starting June 30, 2023. The amount are was
credited to Unearned Services Income.
Depreciation - allocation of the cost of the asset
over its estimated useful life.
3 Factors that we take note in the computation of
depreciation
1. Asset Cost- amount an entity paid to acquire the
depreciable asset.
2. Salvage value- amount that the asset can probably be
sold for the end of its estimated useful life.
3. Useful Life- estimated number of periods that an entity
can make use of the asset.
Formula:
Cost ₱ XXXX.XX

Less Salvage Value ₱ XXXX.XX


Depreciable Cost ₱ XXXX.XX

Divided by Estimated useful Life XXXX.XX


Annual depreciation ₱ XXXX.XX
Pro-forma entry, depreciation has standard entry to
recognize depreciation for a year

Pro-forma Depreciation Expense ₱ XXXX.XX

entry
Accumulated Depreciation ₱ XXXX.XX

It means “for the sake of form”


or “as a matter of form.
• It indicates that a method of
calculating financial results
using certain projections or
presumptions has been used.
Problem examples:

A building with an estimated useful life of 20 years


finished construction on April 1, 2023. The cost of
the building is ₱ 2,600.00 with an estimated salvage
value of ₱ 200,000.00.

Using the provided formula, let’s compute for the amount.


Solution:
Cost ₱ 2,600,000.00

Less Salvage Value ₱ 200,000.00


Depreciable Cost ₱ 2,400,000.00

Divided by Estimated useful Life _____20 years


Annual depreciation ₱ 120,000.00

₱ 120,000.00/12 X 9 months = ₱ 90,000.00


Adjusting Depreciation Expense ₱ 90,000.00

journal entry
Accumulated depreciation ₱ 90,000.00
on Dec. 31,
2023 To record the depreciation expense for the building

Practice Problem:

In the beginning of the year, the company bought ₱


20,000.00 equipment with five-year estimated life and a
salvage value of ₱ 2,000.00. Depreciation is computed on
a straight line basis.

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