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    Introduction & Chapter 1

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    Introduction & Chapter 1

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    20 views23 pages

    Introduction & Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    achik real

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 23

    CHE 323

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION

    BY : ZURIAH BINTI ISMAIL

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    SYLLABUS CONTENT

    Chapter 1: Introduction to palm oil milling and refining


    Chapter 2: Methods of the manufacturing process
    Chapter 3: Palm oil for food applications
    Chapter 4: Palm oil for non-food applications
    Chapter 5: Biofuel

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    ASSESSMENT

    Test 1: 10%
    Test 2: 10%
    Assignment : 80%
    • Asg 1 – Field Trip Report : 15%
    • Asg 2 – Group Presentation : 20%
    • Asg 3 – Group Assignment : 25%
    • Asg 4 – Group Assignment : 20%
    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323
    www.mpob.gov.my

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    CHAPTER 1

    INTRODUCTION TO PALM OIL MILLING


    AND REFINING

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    1.1 History of palm oil
     Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) originates from West
    Africa – as staple food crop
     Evidence of Egyptian tombs of people buried with
    casks of palm oil
     One of the earliest traded commodities

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    History of palm oil in Malaysia

     1870’s – first introduced as ornamental plant


     1917’s – first commercial planting took place in
    Tennamaran Estate in Selangor
     1960’s – cultivation of oil palm growing at a fast pace
    under government agricultural diversification program
    (was introduced to reduce the country’s economic
    dependence on rubber and tin) – the government
    introduces land settlement schemes for planting oil palm
    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323
    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323
    Fresh Fruit Bunch Fruitlet

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    Components of crude palm oil
    Components Percent (%)
    Triglycerides
    Diglycerides ~ 99 %
    Monoglycerides
    Free Fatty Acids

    Minor components ~1%


    (Phytonutrients)

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    Pericarp (outer oily flesh)

    Endosperm (oil-rich kernel)

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    1.2 Characteristics of palm oil
     Can be utilized as a good energy source
     Semi-solid at ambient temperature allows diverse applications in
    food and non-food products
     High nutritional value (Cholesterol free and free of trans-fatty
    acid)
     Genetically modified organism free (Natural process of breeding)
     Competitive price
     High stability
     Anti-oxidant property (Tocopherol & Tocotrienols)
    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323
    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323
    1.3 Palm oil products utilization and
    demand
    Common products from palm oil and palm kernel oil, wholly or in
    blends with other oils includes:
     Frying and cooking oils
     Shortening
     Vegetable ghee or Vanaspati
     Margarines and spreads
     Confectionery
     Non-dairy products

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    In non-food sector (oleochemical) such as:
     Production of soaps and pharmaceutical products
     Cosmetics
     Surfactants
     Lubricant/grease
     Industrial cleaning
     Printing ink

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    In non-food sector (energy, biomass) such as:
     Biodiesel
     Charcoal
     Pulp & paper
     Animal feeds
     Bio-composite
     Fertilizer
     Furniture (wood replacement)

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323
    MPOB’s R&D efforts succeeded in formulating products to meet such
    demands, develop new niches, enter new markets and enhance of
    palm oil in foods includes;
     Emulsion-based powdered and consumer foods such as pourable
    margarine, mayonnaise, soup-mixes, imitation cheese and micro-
    encapsulated palm oil
     Red palm oil/ Red palm olein – healthy cooking and salad oils

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    Palm oil is the most consumed vegetable oils in the world!!

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    1.4 The overview of oil palm supply chain

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    1.5 Key processes in the crude palm oil milling
    process

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    1.6 Key processes in the palm oil refining process

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323


    1.7 Sustainable framework for the palm oil
    industry

    PALM OIL MANUFACTURING & APPLICATION I CHE 323

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