Normal Curve - Final
Normal Curve - Final
Normal Curve - Final
NORMAL
CURVE:
AN INTRODUCT
ION
WHAT
EXACTLY IS
NORMAL
CURVE?
CONSIDER THE
FOLLOWING
SITUATION
SITUATION #1
relatively relatively
few few
relatively 5.2ft to
relatively
few 5.6ft 5.6ft to
4.8ft to
6.0ft few
5.2ft
4.4ft to 6.0ft to
< 4.4ft 4.8ft 6.4ft
> 6.4ft
short average tall
Definition:
Is a data distribution
where the mean,
median and mode are
equal and the
distribution is clustered
at the center.
PROPERTIES:
Property 1
The normal
distribution
curve is
bell-shaped.
Property 2
2
(𝑋 − 𝜇)
−
1 2𝜎
2
𝑃 ( 𝑥 )= 𝑒
𝜎 √2 𝜋
The tails are
asymptotic
relative to the
horizontal line.
𝑃 ( 𝑥 )= 𝑒
𝜎 √2 𝜋
The curve is
continuous.
𝜎 √2 𝜋
2
∞ ∞ ( 𝑋 − 𝜇)
The total area 1 −
∫ 𝑃 ( 𝑥 )= ∫
2
2𝜎
under the 𝑒
−∞ −∞ 𝜎 √2 𝜋
normal curve is
1.
Area: 1 =1
Probability: 100%
The mean, ~ ^
𝜇= 𝑥= 𝑥 It is symmetrical
median and
about the mean.
mode are equal.
STANDARD NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
Standard Normal Distribution
(Standard Score or z-score)
• is the equivalent value of a raw score expressed in
terms of mean () and standard deviation ) of the
distribution. It measure the distance of any particular
raw score (x) from the mean in standard deviation
units.
• MEAN IS ZERO (O)
• STANDARD DEVIATION IS ONE (1)
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
1. z = 2.47
2. z = -1.25
3. z = 0.58
4. z = -2.47
5. z = 0. 96
Question #2
Why there’s a need for a normal
distribution be transformed into a
standard normal distribution?
• All normal distributed variables can be transformed into
standard normally distributed variable by using the formula
for the standard score:
• or z=
A. x = 50 , = 40, = 5
B. x = 40, = 52, = 8
C. x = 36 , = 28, = 6
D. x = 74, = 60, = 10
E. x = 82, = 75, = 15
Question #3
How do we use the standard normal
distribution in solving problems on
normal distribution?
STANDARD SCORE
AND AREA UNDER THE
NORMAL CURVE
Finding Areas under the Standard Normal Curve
• P [z = a] = 0, where a is any constant.
• P [0 ≤ z ≤ a] = P[–a ≤ z ≤ 0] can be obtained directly from the table
of areas under the normal curve.
• P [z ≤ a] =0.5 + P[0 ≤ z ≤ a]
• P [z ≤ –a] = 0.5 – P[0 ≤ z ≤ a]
• P [z ≥ a] = 0.5 - P[0 ≤ z ≤ a]
• P [z ≥ –a] = 0.5 + P[0 ≤ z ≤ a]
• P [a1 ≤ z ≤ a2] = P[0 ≤ z ≤ a2] – P[0 ≤ z ≤ a1]
• P [-–≤ z ≤ –a2] = P[a2 ≤ z ≤ a1] = P[0 ≤ z ≤ a1] – P[0 ≤ z ≤ a2]
• P [–a1 ≤ z ≤ a2] = P[0 ≤ z ≤ a1] + P[0 ≤ z ≤ a2]
Example
To the right
of z = 0.58
Problem 7
X ~ N(4,9). Find P(X < 5).
HOMEWORK Illustrate and perform as indicated.
1. Find P(-0.65≤z ≤1.82).
2. X ~ N(8,25). Find P(X <3 or
X>13).
3. The average weekly income of 2,000
workers is Php151.00 with a standard
deviation of Php15.00. Assuming that the
weekly income is normally distributed, find
the number of workers who earn less than
or equal to P127.50 per week.
CHALLENGE ITEM
Robert Wadlow was the tallest
accurately recorded man in the USA
with a height of 8 feet and 11.1 inches.
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