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    Entropy

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    Imran Khan
    The document discusses entropy, which is a measure of disorder in a system. It defines entropy and explains different types of disorder like positional, vibrational, and configurational disorder. The document also discusses the importance of entropy in thermodynamics and how the second law of thermodynamics relates to entropy and spontaneous processes.

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    Entropy

    Uploaded by

    Imran Khan
    6 views17 pages
    The document discusses entropy, which is a measure of disorder in a system. It defines entropy and explains different types of disorder like positional, vibrational, and configurational disorder. The document also discusses the importance of entropy in thermodynamics and how the second law of thermodynamics relates to entropy and spontaneous processes.

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    The document discusses entropy, which is a measure of disorder in a system. It defines entropy and explains different types of disorder like positional, vibrational, and configurational disorder. The document also discusses the importance of entropy in thermodynamics and how the second law of thermodynamics relates to entropy and spontaneous processes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views17 pages

    Entropy

    Uploaded by

    Imran Khan
    The document discusses entropy, which is a measure of disorder in a system. It defines entropy and explains different types of disorder like positional, vibrational, and configurational disorder. The document also discusses the importance of entropy in thermodynamics and how the second law of thermodynamics relates to entropy and spontaneous processes.

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    You are on page 1of 17

    ENTROP

    Engineering Thermodynamics
    3rd Semester (Mechanical Engg.)

    Presented  Yuvraj Singh(41621037)


    By :-  Prince Barun (41621022)
     Yash (41621035)
    Contents :-
     Introduction
     Various Types of Disorder
     Examples of Disorder
     Definition and Expression of Entropy
     Importance of Entropy in Thermodynamics
     Application of Entropy
     Conclusion
    Introduction :

    What is Entropy ??
    • The word entropy is sometime confused with energy.
    Although they are related quantities, they are distinct.

    • Energy Measures the capability of an object or


    system. On the other hand, it is the measure of
    “disorder” of a system.

    • By Definition :- Entropy is a thermodynamic


    property of a working substance and serves as a
    valuable tool in the second law of analysis of
    Second law of thermodynamics :-
     One simple statement of the law is that heat always moves from hotter
    objects to colder objects (or "downhill"), unless energy in some form
    is supplied to reverse the direction of heat flow. Another definition is:
    "Not all heat energy can be converted into work in a cyclic process”.

     The second law is concerned with the direction of natural processes. It


    asserts that a natural process runs only in one sense, and is not
    reversible. For example, when a path for conduction or radiation is
    made available, heat always flows spontaneously from a hotter to a
    colder body. Such phenomena are accounted for in terms of
    entropy change.
    कु छ समझ नहीं आया ?
    Examples :-

    Spontaneous Processes
    Non - Spontaneous Processes
    But according to First Law of Thermodynamics, since
    in both the cases energy states are same hence it can be
    reversible as well as non reversible.

    Hence comes
    Entropy into Action…
    Defination and expression of Entopy :-
    Entropy may be defined as the property of a system
    which measure the degree of disorder or randomness in
    the system.
    It is denoted by symbol (S).
    According to the Clausius inquality :-
    ∮ ( δQ/T) ≤ 0 ---- (i)
    For a process, Entropy change is :
    Change in Entropy Entropy due
    = +
    Entropy Produced during to heat
    process transfer

    S2 – S1 = Sproduced + ∮ (δQ/T) ---- (ii)


    Since if the process has no friction. Mixing, etc
    happening then Entropy produced (Sproduced) = 0.

    On observing both equations we get :-


    S2 – S 1 ≤ 0

    i.e Suniverse ≥ 0

    This is what we call “Increase in Entropy Principle”


    according to which, for a spontaneous process the
    change in entropy should always be positive.
    In short :

    Entropy is disorder…
    Various types of disorders:-
    Positional Disorder:-
    Whether the atoms are free to move or not.
    Vibrational Disorder:-
    Whether the atoms vibrate about an average position.
    Configurational Disorder:-
    This refers to the Distribution of different atoms or sites in lattice.
    Examples of Disorder :-
    Importance of Entropy in Thermodynamics

    Thermodynamics aims at predicting the direction and nature


    of chemical processes.
    The 2nd law starts with the simplest term i.e. there is an
    increases in the entropy in every natural processes.
    The degree of order or disorder in a system may be
    described in terms of the probability or improbability of the
    observed state.
    Now with use we can easy recognize a spontaneous process.
    It is noted that all natural processes are spontaneous,
    unidirectional where there is increase in randomness.
    Conclusions
    Entropy is the thermodynamic property which is the
    measure of the disorder in a system.
    It was coined by Rudolf Clausius.
    It can be expressed by S = Q/T
    It is mainly associated with heat and temperature.
    Disorder can be of 3 types – Positional, Vibrational and
    Configurational.
    Suniverse ≥ 0 i.e for every process to be spontaneous the
    change in the entropy of universe due to it should be
    more than or equal to zero.

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