The Article

Indefinite article Definite article

A / an The
A book The book
A table The table
A university The moon
An hour The student
 SINGULAR / PLURAL
A / an = one
Wait a (one) minute
I bought a (one) book

‘To be’ cümlələrdə əşyanın və

şəxsin“kim” “nə” olduğunu
bildirəndə:
My father is a doctor
It is a book
İlk dəfə danışılan hər hansı bir şey haqqında:
He has got a brother
I have got a car
There is a telephone in the room

Nida cümlələrdə:
What + a/an + (adj) + C (singular)
What a clever boy he is!
What a fine city!
What a beautiful day!
Such, quite, rather + singular (C)
He is such a clever man
You are quite a little boy
It is rather a long story

So , too + adj. + a / an
It is not so easy a question as you think
It is too important a problem
PERIOD, POPULATION, DISTANCE, SALARY,
HEIGHT kimi mücərrəd isimlərlə

Arif was out of the city for a period of ten days

He earns a salary of 300 dollars from his work
Az. Has got a population of 9 million
The plane flew a height of 3000 metres
VAXT, MƏSAFƏ, MƏBLƏĞ, ÖLÇÜ bildirən isimlərlə

Once a week, $20 a kilo, three times a day,

60 kilometres an hour, 6 days a week

HUNDERED, THOUSAND, MILLION sayları ilə

I need a hundred dollars to buy this coat

Fəsillərin adları təsviri təyinə malik

olduqda
It was a hard summer for me.
It was a cold winter
 Ayların adları təsviri təyinə malik
olduqda
A cold October is the usual thing in Sheki

Günün hissələrini bildirən MORNİNG,

AFTERNOON, EVENİNG, NİGHT sözləri
təsviri təyinə malik olduqda
It was a sleepless night
It was a hot evening

Yemək adlarının qarşısında təsviri təyin

işləndikdə
I have a little breakfast every day
We had a nice day
 Bəzi sayıla bilən mücərrəd isimlərlə
I have an idea
He has an impression about this holiday

Aşağıdakı ifadələr ilə:

A long nose / a nice face / a strong heart
He has a long nose
You have got a strong heart

Weather advice air information və s.mücərrəd

isimlər heç vaxt a / an ilə işlənmir
What fine weather!
He gave me useful advice
SET – EXPRESSIONS WITH A / AN
To tell a lie
To be in a hurry
In a low voice
In a loud voice
To take a fancy to
It is a pity
That’s a pity
It’s a shame
It’s a pleasure
As a result
To be at a loss
At a glance
To have a good day / holiday
To have a good time
A long distance
A long way
To go for a walk
 ATTENTION!!!!

TO HAVE A BREAKFAST / LUNCH / DINNER

 THE
Dəqiq bir şeydən söhbət getdikdə.isim haqqında iki
dəfə məlumat verildikdə:
A man and a woman were sitting opposite me. The man was
American, but the woman was British
Tom sat down on a chair.
Tom sat down on the chair nearest the door.
Sugar isn’t good for you./ Can you pass the sugar please?
Danışana və eşidənə məlum isimlər haqqında
•The ligt, the carpet, the ceiling, the door, in the room
Can you turn off the light? I’m going to the manager
•Go to the cinema / the theatre / the bank / the post
office the doctor / the dentist
I often go to the cinema but I haven’t been to the theatre
for ages
I must go to the bank. She isn’t very well. She went to the
doctor
 There isn’t a theatre in this town
 There is a bank in our town
The sky, the country, the sea, the ground, the
environment
We looked up at the stars in the sky. The ground was wet
yesterday. We must protect the environment.
go to sea / be at sea(səyahət etmək,səyahətdə olmaq):
Ali is a seaman.He spends his life at sea
There are millions of stars in space(kosmos)
I wanted to park my car but the space(U) was small
(yer)
Vahid əşya bildirən isimlər:
The moon, the sun, the earth, the world
The earth goes round the sun
He works in the city centre
My brother is in the army
Baku is the capital of Az.
“SAME” sözü ilə: These photos are the same
I often listen to the radio
I often watch TV (kanallar)
Can you turn off the TV (cihaz)
Go to bed=sleep / be in bed=uzanaraq,yataraq(no article)
It is time to go to bed. I had breakfast in bed
I sat down on the bed(furniture)
Müharibələrdən əvvəl: the Garabagh war
Isimlərdən qabağ sıra sayı olduqda: the first world war, the
second chapter
First=əvvəlcə / ilk dəfə(adv)-no article
First we bought a ball then went to play football
Dil adları “language” ilə işləndikdə:
He knows the English language. / He knows English
Republic, Kingdom, State Federation sözləri ilə:
The United Kingdom, The United States of America,
The Azerbaijan Republic.
Okean, dəniz, çay, kanal, cəmdə olan göl adları:
The Atlantic Ocean, The Red Sea, The Kura, The Panama
Canal, The Great Lakes
Soyadlar ilə: The Mehdiyevs, The Browns
Adalar qrupu: The British isles, The Canaries
Dağ silsilələri: The Alps, The Andes
Cəhət adları ilə:The north of France, The south-east of
Sheki
northern France, north-eastern Russia (no THE)
Ex: Sweden is in northern Europe but Spain in the
south.
The Middle Est. The Far East
Cəhət adlarından sonra isim gəlsə “the” işlənmir:
North America, East Africa
Dövr adları:The Stone Ages, The Middle Ages
“THE” ilə işlənən yer adları:
Hotel, restoran: The Ganja Hotel. The Hope Restaurant
Kinoteatr, teatr: The Azerbaijan cinema. The Sevil Theatre
Muzey, Qalereya:The British Museum.The National Gallery
Qəzet, jurnal: The “Republic”. The “Fountain”
Təşkilat adları: The Euroean Community.The United Nation
Organization.The BBC
Mükafat adları: The Oscar. The Nobel Prize
Başqa tikililər üçün:The Empire Building,The Festival
Hall,The White House,The Royal,Opera House
The + sifət = insan qrupları(həmişə cəmdə olurlar!!!)
The young, the old, the rich, the poor, the happy, the homeless,
the unemployed
the top, the end, the bottom, the middle, the right, the
left.
Write your name at the top of the page. My house is at the end of
this street. The table is on the middle of the room.
OF sözü ilə işlənən adlarda:
The Bank of England The Gulf of Mexico
The Great Wall of Chine The Houses of Parliament
The Tower of London The University of London
 SET – EXPRESSIONS with THE
It’s out of the question
In the original
To tell the truth
On the other hand
To take the trouble to do something
At the moment
At the present moment
In the morning / afternoon / evening
On the left
On the right
PLURAL PLURAL
The + milliyət(ch,sh ilə bitən)
The + milliyət(‘ese’ ilə bitən)
The Spanish
A Chinese – The Chinese
The English
The Irish A Japanese – The Japanese
The Dutch A Swiss – The Swiss
The British Diyərləri isə...
The Welsh A Russian – The Russians
The French An Azerbaijanian – the Azerbaijanians
 The French are famous for their food
A Turk – the Turks
 The English think they are wonderful
An Italian – The Italians
 NO ARTICLE

İnsanlar və ya əşyalar haqqında ümumiyyətlə danışdıqda:

Doctors are paid more than teachers.Im afraid of dogs.Do you like
Chinese food.
İdman adlarında: My favourite sport is football/athletics/valleyball
Elm, fənn adlarında: My favourite subject was History/English/Maths
Most+isimdən əvvəl: Most people like them
Mr, Mrs, Captain, Professor, Doctor, Comrade, Uncle, Princess,
Aunt, General + ad: I know Mr. Jones. We called Doctor Johnson
Xitab kimi işlənən ümumi adlar: Captain, Professor, Doctor,
Comrade: Good morning,professor.
Eyn bir ailənin üzvləri tərəfindən işlədilən father, mother, brother və
s.Bu isimlər böyük hərflə yazılır: I shall ask Mother
Dağ zirvələri: Babadagh, Everest
Ada adları: Corsica, Sicily
Yemək adları: breakfas, dinner, supper, lunch
 Ştat, region, qitə adları: Texas, Centeral Europe, Africa
 Adam adları: Ali, Veli, Pirveli, Fuzuli
l ar
 Ölkə, şəhər adları: Baku, Quba, Azerbaijan, Turkey
isna
is t

The Netherlands The Philippines The Argentina

The Hague The Ukraine The West Indies
The Kopenhag The Congo The Crimea
The Sahara
SCHOOL / PRISON / HOSPITAL

 John goes to school every day. He is at school. School begins at 9

(general meaning. He is going to have education)
 John’s mother wants to speak to his teacher. So she has gone to the school to
see her. She is at the school now
the school = building.
Ken’s brother is in prison now(həbsdə)
Ken went to the prison to visit his brother.(həbsxana)
Jack had an accident last week. Somebody took him to
hospital. He is in hospital now.( müalicə üçün)
Tom has gone to the hospital to visit Jack. He is at the
hospital now (building)
LAST (keçən)zamana aid olduqda(last summer/year/month/
week):Last year I visited my grandmother
Early,real,late günlərin və fəsillərin hissələrini bildirən isimlərlə
işləndikdə: It was early summer. It’s late autumn
NEXT zamana aid olduqda: (next summer/year/month/week)
Next month I’ll go to Baku
Göl adları qarşısında LAKE sözü olarsa THE işlənmir,olmazsa
işlənir: Lake Superior. Lake Tanganika. The Baikal
 TESTS
They were born on ... same day.
A) an B) a C) the D) - E) one

It was ... nice brown coat for ... boy of fifteen.

A) a, the B) the, the C) a, a
D) the, a E) a, -

My sister began playing ... piano at ... early age.

A) the, an B) a, the C) the, the D) -, an E) a, -

After your explanation …... situation has become …... little clearer.
A) the, the B) a, the C) the, - D) the, a E) -, the
I am not ... journalist, I am just ... ordinary reader.
A) a, a B) the, the C) the, an D) a, an E) -, an

There was ... time for ... cup of tea.

A) a, a B) the, a C) a, the D) -, a E) the, the

.... British Museum is one of …. largest libraries in …. world.

A) the, —, the B) a, the, — C) the, the, the
D) —, the, — E) —, the, the
This is ….. black tie and that's ….. white tie. Which would
you like? Please give me ….. white tie.
A) a, a, the B) a, an, a C) the, the, the
D) the, a, an E) an, the, a
. ... meat is warm enough, but... potatoes are cold.
A) the, a B) a, - C) the, the
D) a, the E) the, -

Venice is situated on ….. shore of ….. Adriatic.

A) the, - B) a, the C) the, the
D) a, - E) the, an

Father bought ... interesting book and ... note-

books for me yesterday.
A) the, the B) a, the C) an, a D) an, -
E) --, a
 Mary comes from ... small village in ... west of
Ireland.
A) a, - B) the, the C) a, the
D) -, the E) the, -

I went into ... hall of ... hotel and sat down there.
A) a, an B) the, a C) the, the
D) an, the E) a, a

John was ... strong young man with ... honest face
and ... clever eyes.
A) a, a, - B) a, the, the C) a, an, the
D) the, the, the E) a, an, -
 Küçə, yol, prospekt, meydan, park adlarında artikl
olmaz: Union street, Hyde Park, Piccadilly Circus,
Blackrock road, Azadliq square, Fifth Avenue, Waterloolar
na
Bridge. is
tis

The High street, The Strand, The Mall, The Green Park
1-ci sözü adam və ya yer adı olan tikili və
universitetlər:Kennedy Airport, Cambridge University, alar
n
London Zoo is
t is

The White House, The Royal Palace,The Royal Palace

Opera House
Mağaza, restoran, hotel, bank adları sahibinin adı ilə
başlarsa artikl işlənmir: Lloyds Bank, Mc Donalds,Harrods
Kilsələrdə St olur.artikl işlənmir: St John’s church
Firma, avia komp., şirkət adları: IBM, Kodak, Sony
 Isim+miqdar sayı: page 5, Chapter 2, Size 43, Room 126
By car, by bus, by train, by plain, by bicycle, by motorcycle
(no article)
By(yanında) mənasında olsa artikl işlənir:He was standing
by the taxi.
t! !
In the car, on the bus, on the train etc. Diqqə
Yiyəlik və işarə əvəzlikləri ilə işlənmir: My car is red.This shop
is big
No və neither inkar əvəvzlikləri olan cümlədə isimdən əvvəl
artikl işlənmir: I have no book. Neither student is ready
Day, morning, noon, evening, night isimləri ismi xəbər olsa
və ya at, till, from, by ilə işlənsə artikl işlənmir.
He works from morning till night
It was evening.