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    Tense and Aspects

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    Rezki Nadin
    The document discusses tense, aspect, and predicate types. Tense refers to whether an event occurred in the past or present. Aspect refers to how an event is viewed over time rather than its location in time, and there are four aspects: simple, perfect, progressive, and perfect progressive. Predicates can be stative or dynamic. Stative predicates describe states that exist without energy expenditure, while dynamic predicates describe activities that require continual energy input.

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    Tense and Aspects

    Uploaded by

    Rezki Nadin
    77 views6 pages
    The document discusses tense, aspect, and predicate types. Tense refers to whether an event occurred in the past or present. Aspect refers to how an event is viewed over time rather than its location in time, and there are four aspects: simple, perfect, progressive, and perfect progressive. Predicates can be stative or dynamic. Stative predicates describe states that exist without energy expenditure, while dynamic predicates describe activities that require continual energy input.

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    The document discusses tense, aspect, and predicate types. Tense refers to whether an event occurred in the past or present. Aspect refers to how an event is viewed over time rather than its location in time, and there are four aspects: simple, perfect, progressive, and perfect progressive. Predicates can be stative or dynamic. Stative predicates describe states that exist without energy expenditure, while dynamic predicates describe activities that require continual energy input.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    77 views6 pages

    Tense and Aspects

    Uploaded by

    Rezki Nadin
    The document discusses tense, aspect, and predicate types. Tense refers to whether an event occurred in the past or present. Aspect refers to how an event is viewed over time rather than its location in time, and there are four aspects: simple, perfect, progressive, and perfect progressive. Predicates can be stative or dynamic. Stative predicates describe states that exist without energy expenditure, while dynamic predicates describe activities that require continual energy input.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    1LnSL Anu ASLC1S

    TENSE refers to the


    absolute location of an
    event or action in time,
    either the present or the
    past. t is marked by an
    inflection of the verb.
    There are 12 verbs that we
    learned
    TENSE refers to the
    absolute location of an
    event or action in time,
    either the present or the
    past. t is marked by an
    inflection of the verb.
    There are 12 verbs that we
    learned
    ASPECT refers to how an
    event or action is to be
    viewed with respect to time,
    rather than to its actual
    location in time
    There are four aspects:
    simple (or infinite), perfect
    (or complete), progressive
    (or continuous), and the
    perfect continuous. Some
    linguist argue that the
    perfect continuous is not a
    true aspect because it is a
    combination of the perfect
    and continuous aspects
    ASPECT refers to how an
    event or action is to be
    viewed with respect to time,
    rather than to its actual
    location in time
    There are four aspects:
    simple (or infinite), perfect
    (or complete), progressive
    (or continuous), and the
    perfect continuous. Some
    linguist argue that the
    perfect continuous is not a
    true aspect because it is a
    combination of the perfect
    and continuous aspects
    @-
    uavld f Lo school
    (presenL Lense)
    uavld f Lo school
    (pasL Lense)
    uavld f Lo school
    (presenL Lense)
    uavld f Lo school
    (pasL Lense)
    A9@
    Monkeys 0,9 bananas.
    (simple aspect)
    the verb eat tells only what
    monkeys eat.
    The monkeys ,;00,903
    the bananas.
    (perfect aspect)
    n this sentence, the action
    took place in the past, but it
    is implied that it took place
    recently and is still relevant
    at the time of speaking.
    Monkeys 0,9 bananas.
    (simple aspect)
    the verb eat tells only what
    monkeys eat.
    The monkeys ,;00,903
    the bananas.
    (perfect aspect)
    n this sentence, the action
    took place in the past, but it
    is implied that it took place
    recently and is still relevant
    at the time of speaking.
    enerlc and Speclflc redlcaLlons
    1a 1wo and Lwo make four
    1b 1he ALlanLlc Ccean
    separaLes Afrlca and SouLh
    Amerlca
    SenLences 1ad are 'eLernal
    LruLhs' sLaLemenLs abouL
    Lhlngs LhaL we do noL
    expecL Lo change 1hey
    reporL unbounded
    slLuaLlons or sLaLes
    1a 1wo and Lwo make four
    1b 1he ALlanLlc Ccean
    separaLes Afrlca and SouLh
    Amerlca
    SenLences 1ad are 'eLernal
    LruLhs' sLaLemenLs abouL
    Lhlngs LhaL we do noL
    expecL Lo change 1hey
    reporL unbounded
    slLuaLlons or sLaLes
    a udln ls here
    b l have a headache
    SenLences ad on Lhe
    oLher hand are abouL
    Lemporary sLaLes Lhey are
    bounded
    a udln ls here
    b l have a headache
    SenLences ad on Lhe
    oLher hand are abouL
    Lemporary sLaLes Lhey are
    bounded
    1he dlfference shows up ln Lhe facL LhaL we can
    add cerLaln fectuf od|f|er afflrmaLlve and
    negaLlve Lo Lhe speclflc predlcaLlons
    a1 udln ls already here
    b1 l sLlll have a headache
    SenLences ab sLaLe LhaL cerLaln slLuaLlons exlsL
    aL Lhe presenL Llme SenLences a1b1 conLaln
    Lhe same lnformaLlon buL Lhe aspecLual modlflers
    call aLLenLlon Lo boundarles Lhe beglnnlng or Lhe
    end of Lhese sLaLes changes from one sLaLe Lo
    anoLher
    SLaLlve redlcaLes And uynamlc
    redlcaLes
    1he senLences ln 1ab and ab descrlbe sLaLes LhaL
    exlsL wheLher permanenL or Lemporary ln naLure 1he
    predlcaLes ln Lhese senLences are tft|ve red|cfte
    CLher senLences reporL acLlvlLles and have dynf|c
    red|cfte 1he change from one sLaLe Lo anoLher ls a
    dynamlc evenL
    A sLaLlve predlcaLe reporLs a sLaLe LhaL requlres no
    expendlLure of energy and LhaL conLlnues unLll energy
    ls expended Lo change LhaL sLaLe a dynamlc predlcaLe
    reporLs a slLuaLlon LhaL wlll only conLlnue lf Lhere ls a
    conLlnual lnpuL of energy buL lL ceases when energy ls
    no longer expended
    tft|ve 9red|cfte
    We waited.
    The children were hungry.
    Snow lay on the ground.
    Ellen needed a dictionary.
    We waited.
    The children were hungry.
    Snow lay on the ground.
    Ellen needed a dictionary.
    ynf|c 9red|cfte
    Something moved.
    The sun came up.
    The boat drifted along.
    They discussed the plan
    Something moved.
    The sun came up.
    The boat drifted along.
    They discussed the plan

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