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Chapter 1-Computer Languages

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7 views

Chapter 1-Computer Languages

Uploaded by

ashwini.k
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER LANGUAGES

Ashwini K S
INTRODUCTION
 To explain the computer about how to perform a task, the
computer programmer writes a set of instructions and it
is called a program.
 Hence “ A set of instructions written to perform a
particular task is called a program”
 “Process of writing the program is called
programming”
 A set of programs written to instruct a computer is
called the software.
 These programs are written in any computer language.
TYPES OF COMPUTER LANGUAGES
FIRST GENERATION LANGUAGE
 It is also known as binary or machine language.
 These binary languages are mostly based on 0&1.

 These languages are quite difficult to understand.

 To develop a program in first generation language is a


complicated task.
 It is machine dependent language.

 It is also known as low level language (lll).

 The programs written on binary language get executed


very fast.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages Disadvantages

 Fast execution of  Difficult to debug


program  Machine dependent
 Uses less memory
SECOND GENERATION LANGUAGE
 These languages are also belong to the category of low
level language (lll).
 Second generation language were also known as
assembly language.
 The binary digits o&1 were replaced by some special
codes known as Mnemonics eg:-sub = -,
add=+,div=/,sav=save.
 This language is machine dependent language.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages Disadvantages

 Uses English words.  Machine dependent


 Easy to locate errors.  Time consuming
THIRD GENERATION LANGUAGES
 They are also known as high level language (HLL).
 In this the commands written are in simple English
language.
 Third generation language were portable.

 As the commands written are in simple language so


special software were develop which are known as
Language processor.
 For example:-LOGO, PASCAL,COBOL,JAVA etc….
FEATURES
 it is user friendly
 Machine independent

 Uses English words and mathematical operators.


FORTH GENERATION LANGUAGES
 As 3rd generation languages were based on certain syntax
,which a programmer has to follow during developing a
program which is known as procedural language.
 To overcome from this problem fourth generation
language were evolved.
 These programs were written in non-procedural way

 For example SQL, Wave, Python etc…


FEATURES
 Its more programmer friendly.
 Needs less efforts.

 Possess high speed execution

 Enhances the programming efficiency.


FIFTH GENERATION LANGUAGES
 5th generation languages are advanced high level
languages.
 These languages are used in AI research

 Here the language develops the program solution by


itself.
 The program has to dictate the problem and how the
solution should look like.
 These languages are still in development.

 Examples of 5GL are Prolog,OPS5 and Mercury.


TRANSLATORS
ASSEMBLER

 An assembler translates Assembly language program


into machine language program.
 The program written in assembly language is called
source code
 Converted program is called object code
COMPILER
 A compiler is a program that takes program written high
level language and translates it into machine language.
 The action of translating the high-level programming
language code is called compiling.
 The computer takes the program written by user and first
cheeks for mistakes.
 If there are mistakes , it will show them and then user
has to correct all the mistakes.
 In computer language mistakes are called errors.

 If there are no mistakes/errors then it converts it into


computer machine language in one attempt .
INTERPRETER

 Interpreter is also a program which converts source


program into machine code/object code.
 Interpreter method of conversion is different from
compiler.
 It analyses the source program line by line .

 Here the a line of program is analysed, object code is


created.

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