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Classification of Circuit Breakers: by Alistair Jonathan Pinto 4SN20EE004

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Alistair Pinto
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14 views

Classification of Circuit Breakers: by Alistair Jonathan Pinto 4SN20EE004

Uploaded by

Alistair Pinto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASSIFICATION OF

CIRCUIT BREAKERS
BY ALISTAIR JONATHAN PINTO
4SN20EE004
CLASSIFICATION

• Out of the various ways of classification of circuit breakers, the general way and the most important method of classification
is on the basis of medium used for insulating and arc quenching. Depending on the arc quenching medium employed, the
follow- are important types of circuit breakers.
• (i) Air-break circuit breakers:
• (ii) Oil circuit breakers
• (iii) Air blast circuit breakers
• (iv) Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) circuit breakers
• (v) Vacuum circuit breakers
• The development of circuit breakers outlined above has taken place chronologically in order to meet two important
requirements of the power system which has progressively grown in size. Firstly, higher and higher fault currents need to be
interrupted, i.e., breakers need to have larger and larger breaking capacity.
AIR-BREAK CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Air-break circuit breakers are quite suitable for high current interruption at low volt-
age. In this type of a circuit breaker, air at atmospheric pressure is used as an arc
extinguishing medium. Figure 14.14 shows an air-break circuit breaker. It employs
two pairs of contacts—main contacts and arcing contacts. The main contacts carry
current when the breaker is in closed position. They have low contact resistance.
When contacts are opened, the main contacts separate first, the arcing contacts still
remain closed. Therefore, the current is shifted from the main contacts to the arcing
contacts. The arcing contacts separate later on and the arc is drawn between them
DIAGRAM
OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Mineral oil has better insulating properties than air. Due to this very reason it is employed in many electrical
equipment including circuit breakers. Oil has also good cooling property. In a circuit breaker when arc is for
it decomposes oil into gases. Hence, the arc energy is absorbed in decomposing the oil. The main disadvan-t
of oil is that it is inflammable and may pose a fire hazard. Other disadvantages included the possibility of
forming explosive mixture with air and the production of
carbon particles in the oil due to heating, which reduces its dielectric strength. Hence,
oil circuit breakers are not suitable for heavy current interruption at low voltages due
to carbonisation of oil. There are various types of oil circuit breakers developed for use in different situation
Some important types are discussed below.

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