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System software
System software, or system applications, refers to programs that
manage the core functions of a computer system, enabling hardware to operate and providing a platform for running application software. These programs provide the basic functionality required for the computer’s hardware and software to work together. They serve as intermediaries between the user, the hardware, and application software. serves as the bridge between the hardware and user applications. It includes operating systems like Windows or Linux, which manage a computer's basic functioning.. Application software • refers to programs that fulfil specific tasks for users, such as word processors, web browsers, and database systems • Software applications, or simply "applications," are programs designed to help users perform specific tasks or functions • They focus on solving particular user needs or facilitating activities like word processing, graphic design, project management, gaming, or communication. User Interaction: • Generally, system software operates in the background with minimal direct interaction from end-users. In contrast, application software is designed for direct engagement, providing an interface where users interact and perform specific tasks. Dependency: • Application software depends on system software to function. It requires a platform the system software provides to execute, whereas system software can run independently on the computer hardware. Installation and Removal: • System software is typically installed when setting up the computer and is critical for its basic operations. Application software can be installed or removed according to user needs without affecting the core system operations. Examples • Common examples of system software include macOS, UNIX, and device drivers, while application software includes Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, and Chrome browser. Updates and Maintenance: • System software requires regular updates to ensure security and efficiency, which the software provider often manages. Application software updates might introduce new features or bug fixes and are generally more frequent. Resource Usage: • System software typically requires more direct access to hardware resources, managing memory, processing power, and storage directly. Application software utilises the resources allocated by the system software to perform its tasks. Examples of Software applications o Word Processing: Microsoft Word, Google Docs
o Graphic Design: Adobe Photoshop, CorelDRAW
o Web Browsing: Google Chrome, Firefox
o Communication: Skype, Zoom, Slack
• Productivity: Microsoft Excel, Trello, Notion
Examples of System applications
o Operating Systems (OS): Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS
o Device Drivers: Software that allows hardware devices (e.g., printers,
graphics cards) to interact with the computer. o Utility Software: Antivirus programs, disk cleanup tools, backup software, and system monitoring tools. o Firmware: Low-level software embedded in hardware devices like routers or smartphones. User Interaction: • System software typically does not interact directly with users. It runs in the background and provides a platform for application software to function. Users interact with it indirectly via the user interface of the OS or through system utilities Execution Environment: • System software runs directly on the computer hardware and manages resources like the CPU, memory, storage, and input/output devices. It ensures that all application software and hardware components can function together smoothly.