8 Lecture Phases of Project Management

phases of
project
management
INSTRUCTOR MAHANAZ AKHTER
AFTER THIS SESSION STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO
UNDERSTAND ABOUT PROJECT MANAGEMENT LIFE
CYCLE
Definition of project
 An individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned

to achieve a particular aim .
 A complex, nonroutine, one-time effort limited by time, budget,
resources, and performance specifications designed to meet
customer needs.
Major Characteristics of a Project
 Has an established objective.

 Has a defined life span with a beginning and an end.
 Involves doing something never been done before.
 Has specific time, cost, and performance requirements.
Con
Four phases of project management
The project management life cycle is usually broken

down into four phases:
 initiation
 Planning
 execution
 closure
some methodologies also include a fifth phase
 controlling or monitoring
1. Initiation
 First, there is a need to identify a business need, problem, or

opportunity and brainstorm ways that your team can meet this
need, solve this problem, or seize this opportunity.
 During this step, you figure out an objective for your project,
determine whether the project is feasible, and identify the major
deliverables for the project.
Project management steps for the initiation phase
 Undertaking a feasibility study: Identify the primary problem your project

will solve and whether your project will deliver a solution to that problem
 Identifying scope: Define the depth and breadth of the project
 Identifying deliverables: Define the product or service to provide
 Identifying project stakeholders: Figure out whom the project affects

and what their needs may be
con
 Developing a business case: Use the above criteria to compare the

potential costs and benefits for the project to determine if it moves
forward
 Developing a statement of work: Document the project’s objectives,

scope, and deliverables that you have identified previously as a working
agreement between the project owner and those working on the project
2. Planning
 Once the project is approved to move forward based on your business

case, statement of work, or project initiation document, you move into
the planning phase.
 During this phase of the project management life cycle, you break down
the larger project into smaller tasks, build your team, and prepare a
schedule for the completion of assignments. Create smaller goals within
the larger project, making sure each is achievable within the time frame.
Smaller goals should have a high potential for success.
Project management steps for the planning phase
 Steps for the project planning phase may include the following:
• Creating a project plan: Identify the project timeline, including
the phases of the project, the tasks to be performed, and
possible constraints
• Creating workflow diagrams: Visualize your processes to
make sure team members clearly understand their role in a
project
• Estimating budget and creating a financial plan: Use cost
estimates to determine how much to spend on the project to get
the maximum return on investment
con
 Gathering resources: Build your functional team from internal and

external talent pools while making sure everyone has the necessary
tools (software, hardware, etc.) to complete their tasks
 Identify issues that may cause your project to unsuccessful
 Holding a project kickoff meeting: Bring your team on board and

outline the project so they can quickly get to work
3. Execution
 Now it’s time to get to work. The execution phase turns your plan into
action. The project manager’s job in this phase of the project
management life cycle is to keep work on track, organize team
members, manage timelines, and make sure the work is done according
to the original plan.
Project management steps for the execution phase
 Steps for the project execution phase may include the following:
 Creating tasks and organizing workflows: Assign granular

aspects of the projects to the appropriate team members, making
sure team members are not overworked
 Briefing team members on tasks: Explain tasks to team members,
providing necessary guidance on how they should be completed,
and organizing process-related training if necessary
Con
 Communicating with team members, clients, and upper

management: Provide updates to project stakeholders at all levels
 Monitoring quality of work: Ensure that team members are
meeting their time and quality goals for tasks
 Managing budget: Monitor spending and keeping the project on
track in terms of assets and resources
Note : If you have a properly documented process already in place,
executing the project will be much easier.
4. Closure
 Once your team has completed work on a project, you enter the
closure phase.
 In the closure phase, you provide final deliverables, release project
resources, and determine the success of the project.
 Just because the major project work is over, that doesn’t mean the
project manager’s job is done—there are still important things to
do, including evaluating what did and did not work with the
project.
Project management steps for the closure phase
 Steps for the project closure phase may include the

following:
• Analyzing project
performance: Determine whether the project's goals
were met (tasks completed, on time and on budget)
and the initial problem solved using a prepared
checklist.
• Analyzing team performance: Evaluate how team
members performed, including whether they met
their goals along with timeliness and quality of work
con
• Documenting project closure: Make sure that all aspects of the

project are completed with no loose ends remaining and providing
reports to key stakeholders
• Conducting post-implementation reviews: Conduct a final
analysis of the project, taking into account lessons learned for
similar projects in the future
• Accounting for used and unused budget: Allocate remaining
resources for future project
class activity
Work in groups and identify current youth projects at global level

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phases of

 An individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned

 Has an established objective.

The project management life cycle is usually broken

 First, there is a need to identify a business need, problem, or

 Undertaking a feasibility study: Identify the primary problem your project

 Identifying scope: Define the depth and breadth of the project

 Identifying deliverables: Define the product or service to provide

 Identifying project stakeholders: Figure out whom the project affects

 Developing a business case: Use the above criteria to compare the

 Developing a statement of work: Document the project’s objectives,

 Once the project is approved to move forward based on your business

 Gathering resources: Build your functional team from internal and

 Identify issues that may cause your project to unsuccessful

 Holding a project kickoff meeting: Bring your team on board and

 Creating tasks and organizing workflows: Assign granular

 Communicating with team members, clients, and upper

 Steps for the project closure phase may include the

• Documenting project closure: Make sure that all aspects of the

Work in groups and identify current youth projects at global level

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