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    Pedigree Charts Introduction 2017

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    justinecunanan45

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    Pedigree Charts Introduction 2017

    Uploaded by

    justinecunanan45
    16 views14 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    16 views14 pages

    Pedigree Charts Introduction 2017

    Uploaded by

    justinecunanan45

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 14

    PEDIGREE

    PEDIGREE CHARTS
    CHARTS
    A family history of a genetic
    condition
    Quick Review
    • Genotype = what genes someone has
    • Genes are usually represented by a letter,
    a capital letter for the dominant trait, a
    small case for the recessive.

    • Example: Tongue Rolling is dominant, so


    we use R to represent the tongue rolling
    • Inablility to roll your tongue is recessive so
    we use r to represent the non-rolling gene
    • For every trait, you get a gene from each
    parent
    Genotypes and
    Phenotypes
    • Mom and Dad are Rr-that is
    their genotype, they can
    also be described as
    heterozygous-they have 1
    of each gene

    • What is their PHENOTYPE?


    (Roller or non-roller?)

    • The youngest son has a


    genotype of rr-he is
    Homozygous recessive-2
    copies of the recessive gene

    • His phenotype?
    What is a pedigree
    chart?
    • Pedigree charts show a record of the
    family of an individual
    • They can be used to study the
    transmission of a hereditary condition
    • They are particularly useful when there
    are large families and a good family
    record over several generations.
    Studying human genetics
    • Pedigree charts offer an ethical way of studying human
    genetics

    • Today genetic engineering has new tools to offer to


    doctors studying genetic diseases

    • A genetic counsellor will still use pedigree charts to help


    determine
    • the distribution of a disease in an
    affected family
    Symbols used in
    pedigree charts
    A marriage with five children, two
    Normal male daughters and three sons. The
    Affected male next to eldest son is affected by
    the condition.

    Normal female
    Affected female
    Marriage

    Eldest child  Youngest child


    Symbols
    • Shaded
    individuals have
    the trait you’re
    studying
    • Boys = squares
    • Girls = circles
    • Married-connected at
    side
    • Siblings-connected at
    TOP not at the side
    • Oldest child-to the left

    • Question-if shaded
    individuals in this
    pedigree have blue
    eyes, what is the
    GENOTYPE of the
    parents?
    Other Symbols

    • Divorced,
    separated
    • Deceased
    • Identical twins
    • Fraternal twins
    Organising the
    pedigree chart
    • A pedigree chart of a family showing 20
    individuals
    Organising the
    pedigree chart
    – Generations are identified by Roman numerals

    II

    III

    IV
    Organising the
    pedigree chart
    • Individuals in each generation are identified by
    Arabic numerals numbered from the left
    • Therefore the affected individuals are II3, IV2 and IV3

    II
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7

    III

    IV
    What’s Going On?
    Shaded = Blue Eyes
    • 1 and 2 split after
    having 4, 2 then had
    kids with 3 and split
    with her too after 5-9
    were born

    • Genotypes of 1, 4,7?
    • Genotypes of 2 & 3?
    • Genotypes of 5,6, 8, 9,
    10, 11, 12?
    Time to Practice…

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