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11 views

Chapter 21

Uploaded by

Rahul Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Principles of Operating

Systems

Naresh Chauhan

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Chapter 21

Mobile Operating Systems

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Objectives
• Types of mobile devices
• Characteristics of mobile devices
• Characteristics of mobile operating systems
• Design issues of mobile operating systems
• Design features of Android operating system

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Introduction to Mobile Devices
• The mobile devices are different as compared to other computing
devices. These devices require very limited hardware configuration
as these are portable.
• Since the mobile devices are different as compared to conventional
desktop systems, they need different operating systems known as
mobile operating systems.
• Since a mobile device gets operating power through a battery only,
it is important that limited battery power must be utilized
efficiently.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Mobile Operating Systems
• Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI) was developed
to have an operating system directed device configuration and
power management (OSPM). The goal to have an OSPM through
ACPI stresses on the concept that systems should conserve energy
in an optimized way.
• The operating system must collect the information from devices so
that device which is not being used can be turned off.
• The operating system tracks the information about the state of all
devices on the bus. Based on the current device requirements on
that bus, it puts the bus in a power state accordingly.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Mobile Operating Systems
• When the operating system enters in its idle state, it first
determines how much time will be spent in idle loop with the help
of ACPI power management timer. After determining the idle time,
the operating system puts the processor in low power state thereby
saving the power.
• The operating system collects the information about the state of the
batteries in the mobile device and through the user interface
notifies the user about any warning about the low power state of
the device.
• The mobile operating system should consume very less space in
memory, i.e. it should have a small footprint.
• Memory leakage is a serious issue in mobile devices as it can affect
the performance of a mobile device.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Mobile Operating Systems
• The boot up time in mobile devices must be managed to be short.
• Since the mobile devices may need real-time response, the
operating system should have preemptive scheduling mechanism.
• Interrupt latency and dispatch latency must be minimized in mobile
operating systems.
• One solution in reducing the interrupt latency is to use deferrable
functions. The deferrable functions are the mechanisms through
which we delay the execution of functions which are not time
critical in interrupt handlers.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Architecture of Android Operating System

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Power Management in Android

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Memory Management in Android
• In Android, when an application is not active, the system will
suspend it in memory automatically.
• In this situation, the application is considered still open but it
does not consume any resources such as battery power,
processing power, etc. after suspension.
• In case of low memory the system needs to accommodate the
processes.
• Android selects the victim applications and start killing them
according to the priority provide to them.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


Scheduling in Android
• Uses O(1) scheduling algorithm according to which the every
scheduling is guaranteed to execute within a certain constant time
irrespective of number of tasks in the system.
• Binder is the component that facilitates the IPC in Android
operating system.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights


File Management in Android
• System partition: It contains the entire Android operating system. It
contains all pre-installed applications, system libraries, etc.
• SD card: This is the area where files can be written and read.
• User data partition: This is the area used to store user data both
pre-installed and downloaded.

© Oxford University Press 2014. All rights

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