Scribd
Upload
12 views10 pages

1. an Overview of Computers and Programming Languages

Uploaded by

DAKSI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views10 pages

1. an Overview of Computers and Programming Languages

Uploaded by

DAKSI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

FUNDAMENTALS OF ROGRAMMING

|Introduction to Programming|
MARK L. MASCARDO
College of Computing Studies (CCS)
• Definition:
What is Programming?
• Programming is the process of creating a set of instructions that a computer follows to
perform a specific task.
• These instructions are written in a programming language, which acts as a bridge
between human language and machine code.

• Real-Life Analogy:

• Imagine programming as writing a recipe. Just as a recipe provides step-by-step


instructions to make a dish, a program provides step-by-step instructions to the computer
to complete a task.
Why is Programming Important?
• Automation:

• Programming enables the automation of tasks, making them faster and reducing the
possibility of human error.

• Problem Solving:

• Programmers create software to solve real-world problems, from managing financial


transactions to controlling robotic systems.

• Innovation:

• Programming drives technological innovation, powering everything from smartphones to


advanced artificial intelligence systems.
The Role of a Programmer
• Understanding the Problem:
• Before writing any code, a programmer must thoroughly understand the problem that
needs to be solved.

• Designing the Solution:


• Programmers often design the solution using flowcharts, diagrams, or pseudocode before
writing the actual code.

• Writing Code:
• Code is written in a programming language that the computer can interpret and execute.

• Testing and Debugging:


• After writing code, programmers must test it to ensure it works correctly and debug any
errors that arise.
What is a Programming Language?
• Definition:
• A programming language is a formal language that comprises/consist of a set of
instructions that can be used to produce various kinds of output.

• Examples of Programming Languages:


• High-level languages: Python, Java, C++, JavaScript.
• Low-level languages: Assembly, machine code.

• Choosing a Language:
• The choice of programming language depends on the task. For example, Python is often
used for data analysis and web development, while C++ is preferred for system
programming.
Basic Concepts in Programming
• Algorithms:
• An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem.
Every program is based on an algorithm.

• Flowcharts:
• A flowchart is a graphical representation of an algorithm. It
helps visualize the flow of control in a program.

• Pseudocode:
• Pseudocode is an informal high-level description of the
operating principle of a program or algorithm. It uses plain
language to outline the logic before actual code is written.
Writing Your First Program
• Example: "Hello, World!"
• The "Hello, World!" program is traditionally the first program written by someone
learning a new programming language. It simply outputs the text "Hello, World!" on the
screen.

• print("Hello, World!")

• Explanation:
• In this example, print is a function that displays the specified message ("Hello, World!")
on the screen.
Compiling and Running a Program
• Source Code:
• The code that a programmer writes is called source code. This source code needs to be
translated into machine code that the computer can execute.

• Compilation/Interpretation:
• Depending on the programming language, this translation is done either by a compiler
(for languages like C++ or Java) or an interpreter (for languages like Python).

• Execution:
• Once translated, the computer executes the machine code, performing the tasks as
specified by the original program.
Overview of Programming Paradigms
• Procedural Programming:
• A paradigm based on the concept of procedure calls, where programs are structured as
sequences of statements or commands.

• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):


• A paradigm based on the concept of "objects," which can contain data and code that
manipulates that data.

• Functional Programming:
• A paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and
avoids changing-state and mutable data.
Getting Started with Programming
• Choosing an IDE:
• An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a software application that provides
comprehensive facilities to programmers for software development. Examples include
PyCharm, Visual Studio Code, and Eclipse.

• First Coding Exercise:


• As a practice exercise, write a simple program that takes user input and performs a basic
operation, such as adding two numbers together.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy