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    Hydrogen

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    Hydrogen

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    0 views14 pages

    Hydrogen

    Uploaded by

    sighted.fluids.75

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    HYDROGEN

    POSITION IN THE
    PERIODIC SYSTEM

    Icon – H
    Relative atomic mass – 1.008
    Atomic number – 1
    Period – I
    Group – 1
    STRUCTURE OF
    ATOM

    –1
    –0
    –1
    ISOTOPES
    Protium (1H): One proton, no
    neutrons.
    Deuterium (²H): One proton and one
    neutron.
    Tritium (³H): One proton and two
    neutrons.
    ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION 5

    OF ATOM

    1s 1
    6

    POSSIBLE OXIDATION
    STATES : -1; 0; +1
    All of them are stable
    7

    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    At n.c. it is colorless, tasteless,
    odorless gas.
    Density – 534 kg/m2
    Boiling point – 1370°C
    Melting point – 180°C
    8

    APPLICATIONS
    - oil refining;
    - ammonia synthesis;
    - to obtain metals from oxides;
    - production of margarine from
    vegetable oils.
    9

    PRODUCTION IN
    LABORATORY AND INDUSTRY
    1) Dissolution of zinc in dilute hydrochloric acid:
    Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2

    2) Dissolution of aluminum or silicon in alkali:


    2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O →
    4) Interaction of calcium hydride and water:
    2Na[Al(OH)4] + 3H2 CaH2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + 2H2
    Si + 2KOH + H2O → K2SiO3 + 2H2

    3) Interaction of sodium and water: 5) Passing steam over coke:


    2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2 H2O + C → CO + H2 (>1000°C)
    10

    CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

    1) Reactions with halogens: 2) Reactions with chalocogens:


    H2 + F2 → 2HF H2 + S → H2S (150-200°C)
    (from 250°C to room temperature) 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O (550°C)
    H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl 3) Reactions with active metals:
    (combustion, room temperature, hv) 2Na + H2 → 2NaH (p, 250-400°C)
    11

    CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

    4) Other reactions:
    3H2 + N2 → 2NH3 (500°C, P, ct. is Fe)
    2H2 + C(chark) → CH4 (600°C, P, ct. is Pt)
    H2 + 2C(chark) → C2H2 (1500-2000 °C)
    12

    OXIDES:
    Water (H₂O): Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂):
    Properties: Water is a colorless, tasteless, Properties: Hydrogen peroxide is a pale
    and odorless liquid at room temperature. blue liquid in its pure form and is a strong
    It has a high specific heat capacity and is oxidizer. It decomposes into water and
    a universal solvent. oxygen.
    Uses: Essential for life, used in drinking, Uses: Used as a disinfectant, bleaching
    agriculture, industry, and as a solvent in agent, and in rocketry as a propellant.
    many chemical reactions.
    THANK
    YOU FOR
    YOUR
    ATTENTION
    !
    14

    REFERENCES
    • O.I. Ponomarenko, I.V. Matveyeva. Chemical properties of
    inorganic compounds of s-elements // Almaty, «Qazaq
    University», 2020
    • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_polyoxide
    • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_production
    • https://www.periodic-table.org/Hydrogen-chemical-
    properties/

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