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    computer architechture

    Uploaded by

    Ayushi Shrivastava

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    computer architechture

    Uploaded by

    Ayushi Shrivastava
    0 views10 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    0 views10 pages

    computer architechture

    Uploaded by

    Ayushi Shrivastava

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 10

    COMPUTER

    ARCHITECTURE
    UNIT 1: BASIC STRUCTURE
    OF COMPUTER
    COMPUTER

    • Fast electronic calculating machine that accepts that accepts the digitized input
    information, process it as per the list of internally stored instructions and produces
    the resulting information.
    • Types of computer
    • Personal computer
    • Notebook computer
    • Work stations
    • Enterprise systems
    • Super computers
    FUNCTIONAL UNIT
    INPUT UNIT

    Computers accept coded information through input units, which interpret data.
    Example- keyboard.
    • Various other input devices are available, such as joysticks, trackballs, and
    mice which serve as pointing devices.
    • Touch screens are frequently used as graphic input devices in conjunction wit
    displays.
    • Microphones can capture audio input, which is then sampled and converted
    into digi codes for storage and processing.
    • Cameras and scanners are utilized to obtain digital images.
    MEMORY UNIT

    PRIMARY MEMORY SECONDARY MEMORY


    The function of the memory unit is to store programs and data. There are
    two classes of storage, called primary and secondary. • Used for storing large amounts of data and infrequently accessed
    information.
    • Exclusive association with the processor, operating at electronic speeds.
    • Examples include magnetic disks, tapes, and optical disks like CD-ROMs,
    • Programs are stored in this memory during execution.
    DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.
    • Comprised of semiconductor storage cells, each storing one bit.
    • Magnetic disks, or hard disk drives (HDDs) store data using magnetic
    • Data is processed in fixed-size groups called words. platters.

    Each word has a distinct address for easy access. • Magnetic tapes are used for long-term data backup and archival
    purposes.
    • Access time to a word is fixed and short in random-access memory (RAM).
    • Optical disks, like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs, vary in storage capacity
    Read-only memory (ROM) is only readable and contains the operating
    and usage.
    system.
    • Floppy disks were once common for storing small amounts of data but
    Caches are small, fast RAM units, often coupled with the processor for high
    are now largely obsolete.
    performance.
    • • Choice of storage medium depends on factors such as capacity,
    • • Primary storage can be expensive.
    speed, durability, and intended use.
    ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT

    • Most computer operations are executed in the Arithmetic and Logic unit of processor.
    • Results can be stored back in the memory or retained in the processor for immediate
    use.
    • Other operations (e.g., multiplication, division, comparisons) follow a similar pattern
    using the ALU.
    • Operands brought into the processor are stored in high-speed registers, each capable
    of holding one data word.
    • Register access times are faster than the fastest cache unit in the memory hierarchy.
    OUTPUT UNIT
    CONTROL UNIT

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