B-3 Unit 1

Block 3
Unit 1
Mobile Application Development

Application
• Application is a piece of software or program which is used to perform
one or more specific tasks.
• Applications run on an operating system and is written in a specific
programming language.
• Common examples of desktop applications include Microsoft Word,
Adobe Acrobat, McAfee Virus scan, Simple Calculator, etc.
• Applications can run on PC, mobile phone or any computing device or
hardware.
What is a Mobile
 Application?
Mobile applications are special applications designed to run on
mobile devices like mobile phones, Personal Digital Assistants
(PDA), tablets, Smartphone, etc.
 Mobile Application is a software program which provides a soft tool

to accomplish one or more task.
 Mobile application development involves developing

applications targeted at mobile handheld devices. Mobile
apps can be pre-installed or downloaded by users.
 Customizes your phone.
Types of Mobile Applications
• 1. Free Apps and Paid Apps.
• 2. Simple apps to Complex apps.
• 3. Consumer apps and Enterprise apps.
Types of Mobile Applications (cont..)
Consumer Mobile Apps

 Internet
 Social Networking
 Games
 Music
 Videos
 Navigation
 News
Types of Mobile Applications (cont..)
Enterprise Mobile Apps

Uses: -
 Mobile Advertising
 E-Commerce
 Mobile Banking
Helps in: -
 Developing Mobile Strategies
 Designing effective User Interface
 Mobilizing the Entire Enterprise
 Taking Sales Mobile
Types of Users for Mobile
Applications
Business Users: General Users:
 Emails
 Emails and Chats
 Appointment
 Music
scheduling  Games
 Banking  Social Networking
Motivation
 Mobile Phones are now like PCs.
 Many of today’s phones are

 Equipped with an always-on Internet connection
 Carried with millions of people, all the time
 You can write own software for it
 Programmable mobile phones with many open

mobile OS platform is available.
Future of Mobile App
Development
 Factors affecting the future of Mobile App Development are:
 Death of the traditional OS
 Birth of OS in a Browser
 Native Development is not followed
 A single app can work for several handsets that is Cross-

platform applications are also being created now and
Introduction to ActionScript, Python, AJAX, XML
Mobile Operating System
Mobile Application
Distributors
They offer only Android applications. There are more
than 50,000 apps currently in the app store.
Managed by Apple for iOS apps. 900,000+ apps are present

in the App Store.
Has Android Apps. 850,000 apps are currently active in Google

Play
130,000 apps are present.
Over 120,000 apps are there.
Nokia Store has 100,000 apps

Top Consumer Mobile Applications
Mobile Application
Evolution
Mobile application
development
 Mobile application development is the process by which applications for
mobile devices are developed using
- Any programming language - C/C++, Java,Objective C, JavaScript, HTML,

CSS etc.
- The mobile programming tools- Eclipse, Android studio, Xcode etc.

 While developing mobile applications, a mobile application developer should
keep in mind the following points:-
1. Mobility: There will be continuous mobility for the mobile device. The
mobile devices may be in use anywhere/everywhere.
2. Mobile device is always on / in use all the time: The application should
take into consideration that the mobile device is always powered on and
some of the applications will also have to work for a long time.
3. Intermittent wireless connectivity: The applications should work perfectly
both when there is a reliable wireless connection and also in the offline
mode (disconnected mode).
4. Resource constraints: The mobile phone will be comparatively smaller in
size. There will be some constraints in resources like CPU, disk, battery,
phone size, etc. This will affect the storage and memory space available.
Overhead and delay should be minimum in mobile devices.
Client-Server App Architecture
 Developers can reuse most, if not all, of their backend server
applications with only the client applications being dependent
on the mobile device platform. While writing mobile
applications, there are many considerations whether they are
standalone applications or client applications that are part of a
larger client server application.
 Application is divided into two parts:
 Client
o Thick clients
o Thin Clients
 Server
Thick Client Application
 Thick Client:
 Also known as Fat Client, Heavy Client, Rich Client.
 It is a computer in client–server architecture or networks that typically

provides rich functionality independent of the central server.
 Support working in a disconnected or occasionally connected mode
 Can accept input and store data until connectivity with the server can be
established.
 Applications are used for personal information management software.
 Fat clients typically have one to three layers of application code on them
and can operate independently from a server for some period of time.
 For example, an insurance agent can update photos collected in the field
and synchronize it to a server later. A health care professional could log
in data during patient visits and synchronize with the server periodically.
Mobile Thick Client
Thick Client Advantages
 Server requirements are less
 Offline and online use
 Multimedia performance is better
 Increase in flexibility
 Existing infrastructure can be used
 Reduced over the air (OTA) network costs
 Wired and wireless modes
 Prolonged battery life due to offline usage
 A wide variety of applications available
 End-to-End security solutions possible on client
and server side.
Thick Client Disadvantages
 Increase in cost.
 Limited application options
 Distribution of latest updates can be
difficult to coordinate
 Need to create back-end services
 Device and data security is required
Thin Client Application
 Also known as Lean or Slim client.
 It is a computer or a computer program which depends

heavily on some other computer (its server) to fulfill its
computational roles.
 Server and client communicate over a network using a

remote display protocol.
 It depends on the Server for all computation.
 Digital content can be purchased on the Web, behind a

secure enterprise firewall.
 Basis of cloud computing

Thin Client Application
(cont…)
 Thin clients can be used
 To make mobile payments
 Multimedia content subscriptions from multiple

sources can be streamed and shared from a hosted
environment.
 Can make Use of Location-based services
 Thin clients also support message-based services

using SMS and push alerts for immediate notification.
Mobile Thin Client- a Zero layer
Thin client
Thin clients have no custom application code and completely rely on the
server for their functionality.
Thin Client Advantages
 Supports existing Web sites

 Can be disabled remotely
 No software deployment necessary on client side
 Updates take place over the air
 All processing and management occurs at the server
 Offers vendor-neutral, standard integration with third-
party Web 2.0 sites
 Data collected can be uploaded immediately to Web
Thin Client Disadvantages
 High-performance, scalable servers
 Highbandwidth must be available for
multimedia applications
 Additional
thin clients place more demands
on the server;
 Network should be active always.
 Scaled screens and less robust applications.
Which is Better- Thin/Thick
client?
Some key considerations while choosing between fat and thin clients are:
1. Application user experience: Users should first consider where and how
the device will be used. Thin clients may not be able to provide as rich a
user experience as a fat client.
2. Connectivity requirement: Thin clients require a constant connection with
the server, since that is their source for updating and obtaining data while
fat clients are capable of storing applications and data on the device when a
connection to the server is unavailable.
3. Application deployment: Fat clients, as the name implies, tend to have a
larger footprint than thin clients. Consequently, deploying thin client
applications on the device is a lot easier than fat client application
deployment.
4. Return on investment: Fact clients inherently have more dependency on
the mobile device platform and, therefore, may involve more effort and
investment to support multiple device platforms.
5. Desired applications - What is the type of application you are developing.
6. Performance- The performance of the application should not be affected.
Difference between Thin & Thick
Clients
Thin Clients Thick Clients
Easy to deploy More expensive to deploy
Needs to validate with server Data verified by client
If the server goes down, data collection is Robust technology provides better uptime
halted.
Cannot be interfaced with other Only needs intermittent communication
equipments with server
Clients run as specified by the server More expensive to deploy
More downtime Requires more resources but less servers
Portability Can store local files and applications

Opportunity to use older PCs as clients Reduced server demands
Reduced security threat Increased security issues
Popular Client-Server
Application
 Email
 FTP
 Web services
 Network based Address Book
 Mobile based bill payment applications
 Voice Mail

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Block 3

Mobile Application Development

 Mobile Application is a software program which provides a soft tool

 Mobile application development involves developing

Consumer Mobile Apps

Enterprise Mobile Apps

 Many of today’s phones are

 Carried with millions of people, all the time

 You can write own software for it

 Programmable mobile phones with many open

 Death of the traditional OS

 Native Development is not followed

 A single app can work for several handsets that is Cross-

Managed by Apple for iOS apps. 900,000+ apps are present

Has Android Apps. 850,000 apps are currently active in Google

130,000 apps are present.

Over 120,000 apps are there.

Nokia Store has 100,000 apps

- Any programming language - C/C++, Java,Objective C, JavaScript, HTML,

- The mobile programming tools- Eclipse, Android studio, Xcode etc.

 Also known as Fat Client, Heavy Client, Rich Client.

 It is a computer in client–server architecture or networks that typically

 Support working in a disconnected or occasionally connected mode

 Applications are used for personal information management software.

 It is a computer or a computer program which depends

 Server and client communicate over a network using a

 It depends on the Server for all computation.

 Digital content can be purchased on the Web, behind a

 Basis of cloud computing

 Multimedia content subscriptions from multiple

 Can make Use of Location-based services

 Thin clients also support message-based services

 Supports existing Web sites

Portability Can store local files and applications

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