1919 to 1929

Pakistan Studies
1919-1929
Hindu monopoly
 During that time period, Hindu

controlled a department as minister,
they used their powers to detrimental
to Muslim’s interest.
 As a result of executive powers, the
Hindu enforced their unjust policies
which , in turn, promoted communal
differences.
Conversion Movement
 The gulf between Muslims and

Hindus widened when Hindus
started the Shuddhi movement
aimed at the mass conversion
of Muslims.
Muslim League again in
action
 The Muslim League remained

inactive for some years (1918-
1924) only to get re-activated
when the next constitution was
to come and Simon Commission
was set up in 1927.
Preparations for new
constitution
 Government draw manuscript of
constitution many times but both
the parties rejected it
completely.
 So govt. said to the League and
Congress draw a comprehensive
draft of the constitution, which
will be accepted to all the
parties.
Suggestion of Nehru
 In1927, Pandit Nehru said to

the Quaid-e-Azam in a meeting
that:
 IfMuslims withdraw from
separate electorate, then
congress will accept their
demands.
Meeting of Muslim League
 Quaide-e-Azam called a meeting

at his residence to accept his
proposal.
 Some decisions were made
which are famous by Dehli
Muslim Suggestions. These were
published on March 20, 1927.
Dehli Muslim suggestions
1927
 Separation of Sindh from Bombay.

 Reformation in NWFP and
Balochistan.
 One third Muslim representation in
central assembly.
 Proportional representation in Muslim
majority provinces (Punjab & Bengal).
Wisdom of Quaid
 Dehli-Muslim suggestions were

a clear-cut proof of the wisdom
of Quaid-e-Azam.
 In these suggestions, the
interests of the Muslims were
secured.
Shafi League
 Atthat time, Muslim League had

been divided into two parts i.e.
Jinnah League and Shafi League
due to the contradiction on
Dehli Muslim Suggestions.
 Shafi league didn’t want to
withdraw separate electorate.
Hindu Reaction
 Hinduswere astonished on these

suggestions.
 They did not think that Muslims
withdrew from the separate
electorate.
 Hindu parties started to criticize
them.
Simon Commission
 After 1919 reforms, new reformations

were to be implemented.
 The British government started
working on it before time, for these
reformation the Viceroy announced on
8th November, 1927.
 On that announcement, a committee
of six members was made.
 The head of that committee was
Simon John.
Suggestions of Simon
Commission
 Federal form of Government.

 Provincial autonomy.
 Separation of Sindh from
Bombay.
 Implementation of reformation
in NWFP.
 Separate electorate
Hindu Muslim Reaction
 Congress rejected the

suggestions.
 Nobody was satisfied.
 Its failure broadened the
constitutional crisis which
caused round table
conference.
Challenge to Indians
 Lord Berken challenged the

Indians by saying: if the they
have any political capability
and competence then they
should form a unanimous
constitution and present it to
us and we will implement.
Nehru Report
 The right of separate electorate should

be ended.
 Ending of More Seats than population.
 Refusal to give one third representation
to Muslims in the Centre.
 Separation of Sindh from Bombay.
 Suggestions for reforms in N.W.F.P only.
 Demand of strong centre.
Reaction of Muslim League
 Muslim leaders expressed great

dislike to the Nehru Report.
 The
suggestions of Nehru
Report was based on Muslim
enmity.
 Thesesuggestions showed the
prejudiced attitude of the
Congress.
Fourteen points of Quaid-
e-Azam
 The most vital are reproduced:

 Federal form of government.
 Autonomous provinces.
 Not less than 1/3 Muslims members
in the central legislature.
 Separate Electorate for communal
groups.
Fourteen points (Contd.)
 No territorial redistribution to
adversely affect Muslim majority in
the Punjab, Bengal and NWFP.
 No bill or resolution in any elected
body to be passed if ¾ members of
any community oppose for it being
injurious to their interest.
Fourteen points (Contd.)
 Sindhshould be separated from

Bombay to become province
and reforms be introduces in
NWFP & Baluchistan.
 Adequate share for Muslims in
services.
Importance of Fourteen
points
 Thus we can say that the Quaid-

e-Azam not only protected the
political rights of Muslims but
also provided the structure of
constitutional reforms in India.
 The congress could not assess
the farsightedness of the Quaid-
e-Azam.
Presentation
 Presented by:
 Humera Malik
 Lecturer at Fast-NU

1919 to 1929

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Pakistan Studies

 During that time period, Hindu

 The gulf between Muslims and

 The Muslim League remained

 In1927, Pandit Nehru said to

 Quaide-e-Azam called a meeting

 Separation of Sindh from Bombay.

 Dehli-Muslim suggestions were

 Atthat time, Muslim League had

 Hinduswere astonished on these

 After 1919 reforms, new reformations

 Federal form of Government.

 Congress rejected the

 Lord Berken challenged the

 The right of separate electorate should

 Muslim leaders expressed great

 The most vital are reproduced:

 Sindhshould be separated from

 Thus we can say that the Quaid-

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