Well Log Analysis of

Okadi-8.
Presentation
Outline
• Research Objective
• Introduction
• Analytical Inference
• Measurable parameters
• Well log interpretation by zones (Qualitative Analysis)
• Conclusions and Recommendations
• Further Discussions
• List of Contributors
 Research Objective
The objective of this well log analysis as to many other well log
analysis, is to investigate the following from the given well log cross
plot.
• Formation Lithology Determination
• Determination of Net-Reservoir by Zones
• Determination of Pay Zones
• Fluid type description
• Rock properties Identification
• Economic Viability of Pay Zones
 Introduction
This well logging presentation is an academic project given for the course “Well logging”
The presentation is a study of an unmarked oil well titled “OKADI-8”
The analysis involves a qualitative investigation into the “OkADI-8” well which provided
with the logging chart are gamma ray plot, caliper plot, resistivity plot, density and
neutron plots
All analysis presented here is a collective effort of a group of 12 students of which each
was assigned a given task by the leader.
Analytical Inferences
 Introduction to well logging
Petrophysical analysis of well logs is one of the most useful and important
tools for reservoir rock characterization.
The productivity of wells in hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs depends on
petrophysical properties which include lithology, porosity, water
saturation, permeability, and saturation (water and Hydrocarbon
saturation).
In general, well logs data, such as gamma ray, density, neutron porosity,
spontaneous potential, caliper and resistivity logs are used to gather
information for well and hydrocarbon analysis both qualitatively and
quantitively.
Analytical Inferences Headings
 Well logging presentation
• Well log interpretation first and foremost involves the understanding
of how well log charts are presented. Various companies, such as
slb, total, use different well log headings. However, the graph
interpretation remains the same
• Well logs are usually represented in tracks. The various tracks are:
• Track (1): usually represents lithology logs which includes,
gamma ray log, spontaneous potential log and caliper logs.
Track 1 logs are usually linear in scale.
• Track 2: usually represents resistivity logs of which are divided
into three, Induction resistivity log, Laterologs and Micro-
resistivity logs (Rxo)
 Types of well log
 gamma ray log  Caliper log washout
 Resistivity log  Neutron-Density
log

The gamma ray log is used for The caliper log is used to measure the Resistivity tools measure the formation at
correlation, gross lithology and borehole diameter. different depth of investigation. The
Estimation of shale content. The caliper log is also used to measure resulting log present shallow, medium
The logging tool measures radioactive and deep-reading curves. The shallow
content in the well bore. With shale curve, charting the smallest radius of
having high radioactivity than sandstone. investigation, shows the resistivity of the
flushed zone surrounding the borehole.
The medium curves indicate the
resistivity of the invaded zone. The
deepest curves show the resistivity of the
uncontaminated zone, which is presumed
to be the true resistivity,.
Measurable
Parameters log used for measurement Briefings

Parameters
porosity Sonic, density and neutron log Helps to indicate the type of
hydrocarbon in the pore spaces of
the rock

Fluid content Resistivity log Helps to identify water or

hydrocarbon saturation

Lithologies Gamma ray and SP log Helps to identify shale and

sandstone formation

permeability SP log Helps to give a qualitative

identification of permeability

Well bore diameter Calliper log Helps to know the diameter of the
wellbore
Well log Interpretation by
DEPTH DEDUCTIONS

Zone
Measurable Lithology Fluid type Rock Economically
depth in ft identification identification properties viable zones
(zone)
5,210-5,300 70% sandstone, 20% Low water saturation. High porosity and Yes
(OKA_E01) shale, 10% shaly Water to hydrocarbon permeability
sand ratio = 1:2
5,300-5,370 100% Shale High water Very low effective NO
(OKA_E01_B) saturation. porosity and
permeability
5370-5590 100% shale Very high water Low effective NO
(OKA_E03) saturation. porosity and
permeability
5590-5600 100% sandstone Low water saturation Good porosity Minimal amount of
(OKA_E06) H.C
5600-5700 90% shale, 10% sand 100% water Low resistivity NO
(OKA_E06_B –
OKA_E08_B)
5748- 5911 80% sandstone, 10% Low water saturation High porosity and YES
(OKA_G01 – OKA shale, !0% limestone and high HC permeability.
G02_B) saturation

5911-6140 80% shale, 20% sand Very High Water Very low porosity, NO
OKA_G02_B – saturation resistivity.
OKA_H03_B)
Well log Interpretation by
DEPTH DEDUCTIONS

Zone
Measurable Lithology Fluid type Rock Economically
depth in ft identification identification properties viable zones
(zone)
7290-7490 80% sandstone, 20% High resistivity High Resistivity. YES
(OKA_M01 – shale, 10% shaly between (7290- Low gamma ray
OKA_M03_B) sand 7350)ft. reading
Between (7290- High effective
7490) indicates high porosity.
H.C saturation mainly
Oil no gas.
7647-7758 Sandstone, shale and High resistivity High effective YES
(OKA_N03 – limestone between 7650 – resistivity,
OKA_N03_B) 7670, also within this High effective
zone is high amount porosity
of porosity from the
density log a clear
indication of the
presence of HC.
However, from 7700
– 7758 there is the
presence of little HC
as indicated from the
logs

7900 – 7988 Low gamma ray, The logs indicates High effective YES
(OKA_001 – High resistivity, high that this zone is a porosity, high
OKA_001_B) porosity within this gas zone with a resistance, low
zone is a clear water column gamma ray reading.
RECOMMENDATION
Petrophysics relies greatly on the results of well logging due to the ability of well
logs to almost, accurately define the exact nature of the subsurface geology and
for good well placements and evaluations for decision making. Proper care must
be taken when running well logs due to their essential nature to avoid technical
or economic losses.
From the well log analysis, the following Recommendations can be
inferred:
Zones 5748- 5911(OKA_G01 – OKA G02_B), 6660-6750(OKA_K02-OKA_K02_B),
7030-7200 (OKA_L02-OKA_L02_B) are very good pay zone due to the high
resistivity reading, high density porosity estimation are clear indications of
Hydrocarbon zones. However, the neutron-density log indicates the presence of
gas wells within 7900 – 7988
(OKA_001 – OKA_001_B)

Well Completion Recommendation:

From the well log, it can be observed that the Okadi-8 well is one with a multi-
reservoir presence as seen from various depths, therefore, we would recommend
a multi zone competition process so as to maximize the economic value of the oil
field.
 FURTHER DISCUSSIONS
From the caliper log, the following can also be inferred:
• That the well-bore diameter is not consistent at various depth, this is a clear
indication of a wash-out within various depths down the hole.
• That this high rate of wash-out can lead greatly to high well-bore instability if
not controlled.
• The well completion method requires special cement formulation to properly
seal off all washed areas.

FINAL NOTE
Making decisions from a well log data is quite unreliable most especially due to
well-bore conditions such as washouts as seen from various depths within the
well-bore. Therefore, special care must be taken as regards OKADI-8 perhaps a
re-run of new mud could be planned to curb the occurrences of washouts and
then a well log re-run can also be implemented to increase accuracy of results
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
 1 UMEH ANTHONIO OZIM 20202241213
 2 NWOSU SOMTO PREYE. 20191181493
 3 JOHN EBUKA EMMANUEL
 4 LARRYDURU DANIEL UCHENNA. 20191172113
 5 LEONARD PROMISE ONYEKACHI. 20191173033
 6 CHINDA CLINTON CHIZY. 20191162813
 7 CHIDIEBERE PATRICK CHIDI. 20191192253
 8 ANOZIE UGOCHUKWU COLLINS
 9 EMMANUEL NMESOMA NOBLE. 20191147443
 10 ENEFOLA OJOCHEGBE GODFREY. 20191149753
 11 IKE CHINEMEREM GREAT. 20191185273
 12 ENWERE NKECHINYERE LOVE