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THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
CURRICULUM FOR ORDINARY SECONDARY EDUCATION

FORM I – IV
2023
© Tanzania Institute of Education 2023
Published 2023
ISBN: 978-9987-09-856-9
Tanzania Institute of Education

Mikocheni Area
132 Ali Hassan Mwinyi Road
P. O. Box 35094
14112 Dar es Salaam
Mobile numbers: +255 735

041 168 / 735 041director.general@tie.go.tz
E-mail: 170
Website: www.tie.go.tz
This document should be cited as: Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.
(2023). Curriculum for Ordinary Secondary Education, Form I–IV. Dar es Salaam:
Tanzania Institute of Education.
All rights reserved. No part of the Curriculum may be reproduced, stored in any
retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, be it electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the
Commissioner for Education, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.
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Table of Contents
List of Tables ..................................................................................................................
Abbreviations andiv Acronyms................................................................................................ v
Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................
vi
Preface ................................................................................................................
Part One viii
Introduc ...................................................................................................................
tion 1.1 Background 1 .........................................................................................................
1.2 Structure
1 of Ordinary Secondary Education, Form I – IV .................................
...................................................................................................................
Part Two 1 1
Vision, Goals...........................................
and General Competences .............................................................................
.................................................................................
3 3
1. Vision of Tanzanian Education ...........................................................................
3
2. Main Objectives of Education in Tanzania .........................................................
3
3. Objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education – General Education...................
3
4. Objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education - Vocational Education ...............
4
5. General Competences – General Education .......................................................
4
6. General competences – Vocational Education ....................................................
5
Part Three ...................................................................................................................
6
Curriculum Contents.............................................................................................................
6
7. Learning Areas and Subjects – General Education.............................................
6
8. Main Fields and Trades - Vocational Education .................................................
7
9. Main Competences and Specific Competences – General Education ..............
13
Part Four .................................................................................................................

34
Teaching and Learning ........................................................................................................
34
10. Cross-cutting Issues ..........................................................................................
34
11. Duration and the Number of Periods ................................................................
34
12. The Language of Teaching and Learning .........................................................
36
Part Five .................................................................................................................
37
Assessment and Evaluation of Teaching and 3 Learning ....................................................
37
13. Formative Assessment ......................................................................................
List of Tables
Table 1: Learning Areas and Subjects.........................................................................6

Table 2: Main Fields and Trades .................................................................................8
Table 3: Subject, Main Competence and Specific Competence................................13
Table 4: Compulsory Core Subjects and the Number of Periods per Week .............34
Table 5: Elective subjects and Number of Periods per Week .................................... 35
Table 6: Distribution of Time for Vocational Education Stream................................36

Table 7: Distribution of Continuous and Summative Assessment Marks for the
Subjects Started in Standard III...................................................................38
Table 8: Distribution of Continuous and Summative Assessment Marks
for Subjects Starting to be Taught Form I ....................................................38
Table 9: Distribution of Continuous and Final Assessment Marks for

Vocational Education Subjects .....................................................................40
4
Abbreviations and Acronyms
ICT Information and Communications Technology
MoEST Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
SADC Southern African Development Community
TIE Tanzania Institute of Education
TSL Tanzania Sign Language
5
Acknowledgements
The preparation of this Curriculum involved various stakeholders from both public and
private sectors. The Tanzania Institute of Education acknowledges and appreciates the
contributions of all those who prepared this Curriculum for Secondary Education, Form
I–IV. First, TIE expresses its sincere gratitude to the National Technical Curriculum
Review Committee for supervising the curriculum review process formed by the
Minister for Education, Science and Technology, Hon. Prof. Adolf Faustine Mkenda
(MP). The Committee comprised ten (10) members, under its Chairperson, Prof.
Makenya Abraham Maboko. This Committee discharged its duties professionally to
ensure that this Curriculum is timely prepared and meets expectations of stakeholders’
on the quality of secondary education.
Secondly, TIE is grateful to institutions, Ministries, and various stakeholders who

contributed their suggestions for improving the Curriculum. Some of these institutions,
Ministries and stakeholders are the Parliament of the United Republic of Tanzania;
The Zanzibar House of Representatives; members of the Educational Policy Review;
members of the Committee for Major Educational Reforms in Zanzibar; religious
leaders; the Vice-President’s Office, Union Affairs and Environment; Office of the
President, Regional Administrations and Local Governments; Ministry of Education
and Vocational Training–Zanzibar; Ministry of Finance and Planning; Ministry of
Community Development, Gender, Women and Special Groups; Zanzibar Institute
of Education; Board and Management of the Tanzania Vocational Educational and
Training Authority; Management and Tutors of the Karume Institute of Science and
Technology; Vocational Training Authority–Zanzibar; National Council for Technical
and Vocational Education and Training; National Examinations Council of Tanzania;
Tanzania Teachers’ Union; and the Council for Children and Adolescents–Tanzania.
Moreover, other stakeholders included members of school boards, primary school
pupils, secondary school students, college and university students, primary and
secondary school teachers, teachers’ college tutors, university lecturers, employers
and graduates at different education levels, the Tanzania Cooperative Development
Commission, Tanzania Revenue Authority, Prevention and Combating of Corruption
Bureau, Tanzania Academy of Sciences, Bank of Tanzania, and the International Food
Organisation.
Thirdly, TIE is thankful to different organisations for sponsoring the preparation of

this curriculum at different stages. These include the United Nations Children’s Fund,
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, Room to Read, Right
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to Play, Data Vision, Plan International, Norwegian Refugees Council, Christian Social
Services Commission, Global Education Link, UWEZO, Hill Packaging Ltd., Teacher
Education Support Project, Madrasa Early Childhood Programme – Zanzibar, Morale
Foundation for Education and Training and Educate!
Fourthly, TIE expresses its sincere gratitude to all secondary education experts from
TIE and other institutions who participated in preparing this curriculum. Lastly but
not least, TIE thanks the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) for
facilitating the writing, printing and distribution of this curriculum.
Dr Aneth A. Komba
Director General
Tanzania Institute of Education
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Preface
The Curriculum for Ordinary Secondary Education, Form I-IV, was prepared following
the 2014 Education and Training Policy, the 2023 Edition, stakeholders’ opinions
collected and analysed from 2021 to 2022, and a review of written documents to gain
experience from other countries. Moreover, this Curriculum follows the vision of
education which focuses on preparing an educated Tanzanian with knowledge, skills
and positive attitudes and who values equality, justice and lifelong education to bring
sustainable national and international development. Likewise, this Curriculum considers
the main objectives of education as well as secondary education objectives, Form I–IV.
Considering these objectives, this Curriculum sets standards for providing education
at the secondary education level, Form I-IV, by specifying the knowledge, skills, and
attitudes the student will develop, general competences, main learning areas, main and
specific competences, and teaching and learning methods. Moreover, the Curriculum
has specified the duration that will be used in the implementation, the language of
learning and teaching, teaching and learning resources and methods of assessing the
student’s progress in terms of developing competences. Likewise, the Curriculum has
specified the academic and professional qualifications for the teacher, who is the main
implementer of the Curriculum at the ordinary secondary school.
Along with various policy statements and national, regional and international guidelines,
this Curriculum is based on theories of student development and learning. Hence, its
implementation will enable the student to develop physically, mentally, emotionally
and socially. I expect that, through this Curriculum, the teacher will help the student to
develop the intended competences. Likewise, all curriculum implementation supervisors
and other stakeholders of education in the country will ensure that the education
provided meets the standards accepted nationally, regionally and internationally.
Dr Lyabwene M. Mtahabwa
Commissioner for Education
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Part One
Introduction
1. Background
Many countries, including Tanzania, acknowledge that education is the right of every
child and thus have been making various efforts to ensure that quality education is
provided fairly and equally. These efforts are made because education is an important
tool in the development of every child academically and morally and in the
development of various talents and gifts. Due to the nation’s commitment to
building a country with a nationally competitive economy, the Government has
aimed to build a society with knowledge, skills and a positive attitude that will
enable full participation in developmental activities. Besides this commitment,
Tanzania has ratified the 1997 Southern African Development Community (SADC)
Protocol regarding education and training which requires member countries to have
compulsory education for not less than nine years.
Tanzania is committed to providing quality and inclusive education based on the

philosophy of Education for Self-Reliance founded in 1967 by the Father of the
Nation, Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere. In addition, this curriculum is focused
on building basic competences in the 21st Century Skills which are communication,
collaboration, creativity, critical thinking, problem-solving, digital skills, ethics and
patriotism. Therefore, this curriculum has been prepared to increase the number of
Tanzanians with knowledge, skills and positive attitudes towards contributing to the
development of the nation by considering the changes in science and technology and
the requirements of the 21st century. The preparation of this curriculum has gone
through various stages, including collecting the opinions of stakeholders, reviewing
various documents and learning from the experiences of other countries for best
practice that can be implemented in the Tanzanian environment.
2. Structure of Ordinary Secondary Education, Form I – IV

As directed by the 2014 Education and Training Policy, the 2023 Edition, Form I – IV
secondary education will last for four (4) years. This secondary education is divided
into two streams: General Education and Vocational Education. The student will choose
a stream based on his/her preference, abilities and aspirations.
The General Education stream is divided into eleven (11) specialisations, which
are Science, Agriculture, Sports, ICT, Business, Music, Social Science, Food and
Nutrition, Textile and Garments Construction, Art and Language. Moreover, from
1
Form I, the student will choose subjects from one of the streams based on his/her
preference, ability and aspirations. Besides the subjects in their specialisations, all
general education students can choose additional subjects, including those in the
vocational education stream, based on the school timetable and capacity.
The Vocational Education stream is divided into fifteen (15) Main Fields, which are
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Automotive
Engineering, Transport and Logistics, Clothing and Textile, Agriculture and Food
Processing, Hospitality and Tourism, Commercial and Business Support Services,
Printing, Mineral Extraction and Processing, Cosmetology, Creative Arts, Electronics
and Computer, and Sports. In addition, each main field has several specific trades,
making more than 60 specific trades.
From Form I, the student will choose one specific field according to his or her wishes,
abilities and aspirations. In addition, despite the specific field chosen, all students
of the Vocational Education stream will have to study four (4) other compulsory
subjects which are Mathematics, Business Studies, English Language and Historia
ya Tanzania na Maadili. Vocational subjects will be undertaken in modular form.
Successful completion of a number of modules in the given trade led to National
Vocational Awards (NVA). All Vocational Education students of Form I and II will
learn the contents leading to the award of NVA Level I of VETA, while Form III
will learn the contents leading to NVA Level 2 of VETA and Form IV will learn the
contents leading to NVA Level 3 of VETA.
The student will begin Form I at the age of 12 and finish Form IV at the age of 15.
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Part Two
Vision, Goals and General Competences
This Curriculum has considered the vision, goals and competences to be developed at
every stage of Ordinary Secondary Education, Form I–IV.
1. Vision of Tanzanian Education

To have an educated Tanzanian with knowledge, skills and positive attitudes, who
values equality, justice and lifelong education in bringing sustainable national and
international development.
2. Main Objectives of Education in Tanzania

The main objectives of education in Tanzania are to enable every Tanzanian to:
(a) Develop and improve his or her personality so that he or she values himself or
herself and develops self-confidence;
(b) Respect the culture, traditions and customs of Tanzania, cultural differences,
dignity, human rights, attitudes and inclusive actions;
(c) Develop knowledge and apply science and technology, creativity, critical
thinking, innovation, cooperation, communication and positive attitudes for his
or her own development and the sustainable development of the nation and the
world at large;
(d) Understand and protect national values, including dignity, patriotism, integrity,
unity, transparency, honesty, accountability and the national language;
(e) Develop life and work-related skills to increase efficiency in everyday life;
(f) Develop a habit of loving and valuing work to increase productivity and
efficiency in production and service provision;
(g) Identify and consider cross-cutting issues, including the health and well-being
of the society, gender equality, as well as the management and sustainable
conservation of the environment; and
(h) Develop national and international cooperation, peace and justice per the
Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania and international conventions.
2.3 Objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education – General Education

The objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education – General Education are to:
(a) Strengthen, broaden and develop a deeper understanding of the knowledge, skills
and attitudes developed at the Primary Education level;
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(b) Safeguard customs and traditions, national unity, national values, democracy,
respect for human and civil rights, duties and responsibilities associated with
such rights;
(c) Develop self-confidence and the ability to learn in various fields, including
science and technology as well as theoretical and technical knowledge;
(d) Improve communication using Tanzanian Sign Language (TSL), tactile
communication, Kiswahili and English. The student should be encouraged to
develop competence in at least one other foreign language, depending on the
school situation;
(e) Strengthen accountability for cross-cutting social issues, including health,
security, gender equality and sustainable environmental conservation;
(f) Develop competence and various skills which will enable the student to employ
himself or herself, to be employed and to manage his or her life by exploiting
his or her environment well; and
(g) Develop readiness to continue to advanced secondary and tertiary education.
2.4 Objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education - Vocational Education

The objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education, Vocational Education, are to:
(h) Strengthen, broaden and develop a deeper understanding of the knowledge, skills
and attitudes developed at the Primary Education level;
(i) Develop technical and entrepreneurial skills that will enable him/her to employ
oneself, to be employed and to manage life by using his/her environment
appropriately;
(j) Safeguard customs and traditions, national unity, national virtues, democracy,
respect for human and civil rights, duties and responsibilities associated with
such rights;
(k) Strengthen communication using language skills;
(l) Develop self-confidence and the ability to learn in various fields, including
science and technology as well as theoretical and technical knowledge;
(m) Strengthen accountability for cross-cutting social issues, including health,
security, gender equality and sustainable environmental conservation; and
(n) Develop readiness to continue to vocational and technical education.
2.5 General Competences – General Education

The general competences for Ordinary Secondary Education- General Education are
to:
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(a) Use the knowledge and skills acquired in primary education to strengthen and
broaden their understanding of general subjects;
(b) Appreciate citizenship and national values;
(c) Demonstrate self-confidence in learning various fields, including Science and
Technology, theoretical and practical knowledge;
(d) Use language skills, including Tanzania Sign Language (TSL), Kiswahili, English
and at least one other foreign language to communicate;
(e) Use the knowledge of cross-cutting issues to manage their surrounding
environment; and
(f) Use the knowledge and skills to employ oneself, be employed and manage life
and the environment.
2.6 General Competences – Vocational Education

The general competences for Ordinary Secondary Education, Form 1–IV, Vocational
Education are to:
(g) Apply the knowledge, skills and attitudes the student developed in the primary
school stage to increase his/her understanding of technical skills;
(h) Apply technical skills in designing, inventing and making various things to cope
with life and solve challenges in society;
(i) Appreciate citizenship and national virtues;
(j) Use language skills;
(k) Demonstrate self-confidence in learning in various fields, including science and
technology, technical knowledge and technical skills;
(l) Apply technical knowledge and skills in designing, discovering and making
various things to solve challenges in society, including cross-cutting issues;
(m) Appreciate procedures and safety rules in using technical tools correctly; and
(n) Apply the technical knowledge and skills acquired to develop oneself with
vocational and technical education and join the workforce.
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Part Three
Curriculum Contents
This part describes the learning areas and subjects for Ordinary Secondary
Education, Form I – IV, General Education; Main fields and trades for Vocational
Education; and main and specific competences for various subjects.
3.1 Learning Areas and Subjects – General Education

The learning areas and subjects at this stage are described in Table 1.
Table 1: Learning Areas and Subjects
No Learning areas Subjects
1. Natural Science, Technology and 1. Biology

Environment 2. Physics
3. Chemistry
4. Agriculture
5. Computer Science
2. Social Science, Faith and Ethics 1. Geography

2. Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili
3. History
4. Bible Knowledge
5. Elimu ya Dini ya Kiislamu
3. Mathematics 1. Basic Mathematics

2. Additional Mathematics
4. Language and Communication 1. Kiswahili

2. English Language
3. Chinese
4. Arabic
5. French
6. Literature in English
7. Fasihi ya Kiswahili
5. Vocational Education, Entrepreneurship 1. Business Studies

and Economics 2. Bookkeeping
3. Textile and Garment Construction
4. Food and Nutrition
6
No Learning areas Subjects
6. Culture, Arts and Sports 1. Music

2. Sports
3. Fine Arts
4. Performing Arts
In addition, the specialisation and subjects for General Education are illustrated in
Figure 1.
Figure 1: Specialisation and Subjects for General Education
3.2 Main Fields and Trades - Vocational Education

The main fields and trades for Vocational Education are described in Table 2 and
illustrated in Figure 2.
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Table 2: Main Fields and Trades
S/No. Main Fields Trades

1. Electrical Engineering 1.1 Electrical installation
1.2 Bio-energy installation
1.3 Wind power plants installation
1.4 Solar power installation
2. Mechanical Engineering 2.1 Welding and metal fabrication
2.2 Refrigeration and air conditioning
2.3 Fitter machinist
2.4 Fitter mechanics
2.5 Ginnery fitting
3. Civil Engineering 3.1 Masonry and brick-laying
3.2 Civil drafting
3.3 Boat building
3.4 Carpentry and joinery with metal works
3.5 Plumbing and pipe fitting
3.6 Painting and sign writing
3.7 Steel fixing
3.8 Well drilling
3.9 Wood carving
4. Automotive Engineering 4.1 Motor vehicle mechanics
4.2 Auto-electric mechanics
4.3 Auto-body repair
4.4 Motor-cycle mechanics
4.5 Agro-mechanics
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5. Electronics and Computer 5.1 Computer programming
5.2 Graphics design
5.3 Electronics Repair
5.4 Computer maintenance
5.5 Mobile phone repair
5.6 Office machines maintenance
5.7 Film and TV Production
6. Transport and Logistics 6.1 Transport operations
6.2 Clearing and forwarding
7. Clothing and Textile 7.1 Handloom weaving
7.2 Finishing craft
7.3 Basic knitting
7.4 Designing, sewing and cloth technology
7.5 Leather goods and footwear
8. Agriculture and Food 8.1 Meat processing and technology
Processing
8.2 Oil seed processing
8.3 Animal health and production
8.4 Horticulture production

8.5 Field crop production
8.6 Wood processing
8.7 Bee keeping
8.8 Fishing and fish processing
8.9 Aquaculture and fish processing
8.10 Seaweed farming
9
9. Hospitality and Tourism 9.1 Front office operations
9.2 House-keeping
9.3 Food production
9.4 Food beverage services and sales
9.5 Tour guide and travel operations
10. Commercial and Business 10.1 Business operation assistance
Support Services
10.2 Secretarial
10.3 Insurance
10.4 Wholesale and retailing
10.5 Geospatial technology
11. Printing 11.1 Packaging printing
11.2 Screen printing
11.3 Binding and print finishing
12. Extraction and Processing of 12.1 Jewellery

Minerals
12.2 Salt extraction
12.3 Gemology (Gemstone cutting, polishing
and carving)
13. Cosmetology 13.1 Hair dressing

13.2 Beauty therapy
13.3 Fitness and nutrition
14. Creative Arts 14.1 Acting
14.2 Costume and makeup designs
14.3 Ngoma performance
14.4 Music and sound technology
14.5 Music performance
14.6 Carving
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14.7 Drawing and painting
14.8 Pottery and ceramic
14.9 Textile design and small-scale printing
14.10 Art and design
15. Sports 15.1 Football performance
15.2 Netball performance
15.3 Track events
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Compasory Subjects
Mathematics, Business Education, English Language and Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili
Main Fields
Transport Agriculture Hospitality Commercial Electronics

Electrical Mechanical Civil Clothing and and and Extraction and
and and Printing and Creative
Engineering Engineering Automotive Engineering Textile Food Business Processing of Cosmetology Sports
Logistics Tourism Computer Arts
Engineering Processing Support Mineral
Services
Different Occupations
Meat
Processing • Music and
Jewellery
and Sound
Masonry and Front Office
Welding Motor Technology Business Package
Packaging Salt Hair
Electrical Brick Laying Handloom technology
and Vehicle Oil seed Operations Operations Printing Extraction Dressing Computer • Football
Installation Weaving printing • Music
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Fabrication Boat Mechanics Processing Assistance Programing
House- Performance Performance
Building Binding Gemology Beauty
Auto Transport Finishing Animal Keeping Secretarial • Netball • Carving
Bio-Energy Fitter and Print (Gemstone Therapy
Carpentry Electric Operations Craft Health and Graphics • Drawing and
Installation Machinist Food Finishing Cutting, Performance
and Joinery Mechanics Production Insurance Fitness Design
Production Polishing • Track Event Painting
with Metal Basic Screen and
Fitter Clearin Horticulture and • Graphics
Works Auto Knitting Food and Wholesaling Printing Nutriti
Wind Mechanics g and Field Carving) Film
Body and on Design
Power Plumbing and Beverage and TV
Crop Retailing • Pottery and
Ginnery and Pipe Repair Forwardin Sales and Production
Plants Designing, Production
Fitting Fitting g Services Ceramic
Installation Sewing Office
Motor Horticulture Geospatial • Textile
Painting and Cloth Attendant Tour Guide Machines
Cycle Technology Design and
Refrigeration and Sign Technology and Travel Maintenance
Solar Energy and Air Mechanics Small scale
Installation Writing Bee Opereations
Condition
keeping Mobile Phone Printing
Well Repair • Acting
Agro-Mechanics Leather
Drilling Wood Processing Computer
Goods and • Ngoma
Wood Footwear Maintainance • Costume
Aquaculture and Fish Processing
Carving and Makeup
Electronic
Steel Field Crop Production Attendant Repair Designs
Fixing • Art and
Civil Drafting Fishing and fish Production
Desig
Figure 2: Various Fields and Trades for Vocational Education

3.3 Main Competences and Specific Competences – General Education
The main and specific competences for each subject are presented in Table 3.
Table 3: Subject, Main Competence and Specific Competence

No. Subject Main Competence Specific Competence
1. Historia ya 1.1 Kulinda historia, 1. Kuelezea chimbuko la jamii za
Tanzania na urithi na maadili ya Kitanzania na maadili yake
Maadili Taifa 2. Kumudu maarifa na ujuzi wa
maadili na urithi wa jamii za
Kitanzania
3. Kutumia maarifa na ujuzi wa
historia na urithi kubuni fursa
mbalimbali zilizopo katika
jamii za Kitanzania
4. Kubaini fursa mbalimbali za
kujenga ushirikiano na kukuza
uchumi wa kitaifa
1.2 Kumudu historia ya 1. Kuchambua mifumo ya kijamii

jamii za Kitanzania (elimu, afya, utamaduni, uchumi)
na maadili yake iliyokuza na kuendeleza maadili
kabla ya ukoloni ya jamii za Kitanzania kabla ya
ukoloni
2. Kuchambua mifumo iliyokuza
na kuendeleza uchumi na siasa
katika jamii za Kitanzania
kabla ya ukoloni
3. Kutathmini vichocheo vya
mabadiliko ya sayansi na
teknolojia katika jamii za
Kitanzania kabla ya ukoloni
1.3 Kumudu historia 1. Kutumia maarifa na ujuzi wa

ya Tanzania na chimbuko na ukuaji wa mfumo
maadili wakati wa ukoloni kuelewa uhusiano
wa ukoloni, 1890- wa kihistoria kati ya Tanzania na
1960 mataifa yaliyoitawala
2. Kutathmini athari za mfumo wa
ukoloni kwenye
maadili ya jamiii za Kitanzania
3. Kuchambua jitihada za jamii
za Kitanzania kupinga ukoloni
na maadili ya kikoloni
13
1.4 Kumudu historia 1. Kuchambua mifumo ya uchumi,
ya ujenzi wa Taifa siasa, utamaduni jamii na
la Tanzania na maadili iliyojengwa 1961-1966
maadili katika
kipindi cha 2. Kumudu historia ya Mapinduzi
Matukufu ya Zanzibar
1961-1966
3. Kumudu historia ya Muungano
wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar
1.5 Kutathmini ujenzi 1. Kuchambua chimbuko la Azimio
wa Taifa na maadili la Arusha na matokeo yake
baada ya Azimio la kiuchumi, kisiasa, kiutamaduni na
Arusha, kimaadili
1967-1985 2. Kueleza nafasi ya Tanzania katika
kujenga uhusiano wa kikanda
1.6 Kutathmini historia 1. Kuchambua chimbuko la uliberali
ya Tanzania na na utandawazi
maadili wakati wa 2. Kuishi maadili mema ya
uliberali, 1986 hadi Kitanzania wakati wa uliberali na
sasa utandawazi
1.7 Kufanya utafiti wa 1. Kumudu misingi ya utafiti wa
historia na maadili kihistoria
ya Tanzania 2. Kutumia misingi ya utafiti
wa kihistoria kufanya
kazimradi
1.8 Kumudu muundo 1. Kueleza muundo na kazi za
na kazi za Serikali Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano
ya Jamhuri ya wa Tanzania na Serikali ya
Muungano wa Mapinduzi Zanzibar
Tanzania 2. Kubaini muundo na kazi za
serikali za mitaa
2. History 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding
mastery of African of the concept of History and
history before sources of historical information
colonialism 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
theories of the origin of human
beings
3. Demonstrate an understanding
of the economic, political, social
and technological development in
pre-colonial Africa
of interactions among African
societies during the pre-colonial
era
14
2.1.5 Demonstrate an understanding
of the early contacts among the
people of Africa, the Middle East, the Far
East and Europe from the 1st
Century to the 19th Century
2.2 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding of
mastery of the the development of capitalism
relationship and its impact on Africa
between capitalism 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
and Africa colonial systems in Africa
of the history of nationalist
movements in Africa
2.3 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate mastery of the
mastery of the history of nation-building in
history of nation- post-colonial Africa
building in post-
colonial Africa 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
the successes and challenges of
nation-building in post-colonial
Africa
mastery of the the formation of African regional
history of Africa’s integration
participation
in regional and 2. Demonstrate an understanding
international affairs of the history of Africa’s
participation in the United
Nations Organisation
3. Geography 1. Demonstrate mastery 1. Demonstrate an understanding of
of the structure of the the origin and the structure of the
Earth Earth and earth systems
of the major features of the Earth
surface
3. Demonstrate an understanding of
the relationship between relief,
climate and natural vegetation
mastery of the basic techniques of map and
basic skills photograph interpretation
and techniques
Geography 2. Demonstrate an understanding
of the basic techniques in land
surveying
15
3.3.3 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding
mastery of the relationship between
of human geography, human settlement,
geography economic activities and
environmental health
2. Carry out a project in
Geography
4. English 1. Manage information 1. Use ICT tools to search for
search from information from different
different sources for sources
lifelong learning
2. Organize information obtained
from different sources
4.2 Demonstrate 1. Develop listening skills
mastery of English
language skills 2. Produce short and coherent
oral messages with intelligible
pronunciation and fluency
3. Develop vocabulary from
conversations and written texts
4. Use appropriate grammar and
vocabulary in oral and in written
language tasks
4.3 Comprehend 1. Read texts for comprehension
oral and written
information 2. Comprehend oral messages with
increasing difficulty
3. Respond appropriately in a
variety of oral and written
communication contexts
4. Construct meaning from a variety
of text
4.4 Communicate 1. Use appropriate grammar
effectively in and vocabulary for oral
different contexts communication in a variety of
contexts
2. Create a variety of texts for
different communicative purposes
using the appropriate tone and
register
3. Conduct a socio-cultural analysis
of functional texts
16
4.5 Provide basic 1. Apply principles of editing and
English language proofreading in a variety of texts
services to the
community 2. Apply principles of interpretation
to provide simple authentic
interpretations
3. Apply principles of translation
to produce simple authentic
translation
4. Manage short translation and
editing projects using Computer-
Assisted Tools
4.6 Appreciate and 1. Appreciate the aesthetics and

create literary value of literature
works
2. Evaluate the context in which
literary texts are written, read and
understood
3. Analyse genres of literature and
appreciate their conventions
4. Create simple literary works
5. Literature in 1. Develop awareness 1. Demonstrate empathy for other
English of and empathy with people’s experiences nationally
national and global and globally
literary works
2. Appreciate multiculturalism and
develop self -consciousness
3. Reflect values, perspectives
and identities, and the impact of
beliefs and actions on society
5.2 Appreciate different 1. Appreciate the use of literary
implications and devices in the works of art
layers of meaning in
literary works 2. Apply critical thinking when
reading, discussing and writing
about literary texts
3. Justify interpretations based on
evidence and logic
17
5.3 Compose literary 1. Synthesise literary characteristics,
works themes, and/or approaches in
several literary texts
2. Recognise ambiguity and
uncertainty as necessary in
creating literary works
3. Create imaginative and original
literary works
6. Kiswahili 1. Kumudu misingi ya 1. Kutambua Kiswahili kama
Kiswahili kielelezo cha utaifa na
utambulisho wa Mtanzania
2. Kukuza uelewa wa sarufi ya
Kiswahili
6.2 Kumudu lugha ya 1. Kusikiliza na kuelewa
mazungumzo na ya mazungumzo
maandishi
2. Kusoma matini kwa ufasaha na
ufahamu
6.3 Kuwasiliana 1. Kutumia kamusi katika miktadha
katika miktadha mbalimbali
mbalimbali
2. Kuwasiliana kwa ufasaha kwa
njia ya mazungumzo
3. Kuwasiliana kwa njia ya
maandishi katika miktadha
mbalimbali
6.4 Kuthamini kazi za 1. Kukuza uelewa wa misingi ya
fasihi ya Kiswahili fasihi ya Kiswahili
2. Kuhakiki kazi za fasihi ya
Kiswahili
3. Kubuni kazi za fasihi ya
Kiswahili
6.5 Kutoa huduma ya 1. Kufanya tafsiri sahili katika lugha
lugha ya Kiswahili ya Kiswahili
katika jamii
2. Kuhariri matini mbalimbali
za Kiswahili
3. Kufanya ukalimani sahili kwa
lugha ya Kiswahili
18
‫ةصاخال‬ ‫ةماعال‬ ‫ةدا‬ ‫مق‬
‫تاءافكال‬ ‫تاءافكال‬ ‫مال‬ ‫رال‬
‫عامتساال تاراــهــم ريوطت‬ ‫مهف راهظإ‬ ‫ةيبرعال ةغلال‬ ‫‪7.‬‬
‫‪ 7.1.1‬ةيبرعال ةغلال‬ ‫‪7.1‬‬
‫ةثداحمال نم تادرفمال باستكا‬ ‫تاراــهــمال‬
‫‪ 7.1.2‬ةباـــتكالو‬ ‫ةغلل‬
‫ةيساسأال‬
‫ةحيصفال تامولعمال ليصوت ‪7.1.3‬‬ ‫ةيبرعال‬
‫تاملكب ةقوطنمال ةريصقال‬
‫ةحيصف‬
‫دعاوقالو تادرفمال مادختسا‬
‫‪ 7.1.4‬ثدحتال قيرط نع‬
‫ةحيحصالةباتكالو‬
‫مهفو عامتساال ةءاــفــك‬ ‫مهف راهظإ ‪7.2‬‬
‫ريوطت ‪ 7.2.1‬ايوفش‬ ‫تامولعمال‬
‫ةضورعمال تامولعمال‬ ‫ايوفش‬
‫مهفو ةءارقال ةءاــفــك ريوطت‬ ‫ةضورعمال‬
‫‪ 7.2.2‬ةفلتخمال صوصنلل‬ ‫ايباــتكو‬
‫يف ةبسانمال ةباجتساال راهظإ‬
‫‪ 7.2.3‬ةفلتخمال ةيلصاوتال‬
‫تاقايسال‬
‫مهفو ةءارقال ةءاــفــك ريوطت‬
‫‪ 7.2.4‬حيحص لكشب ةفلتخمال‬
‫صوصنلل‬
‫ةغلالب صوصنال ءاشنإ ‪7.3.1‬‬ ‫عفب لصاوتال‬‫يف ةيال‬
‫تاقاــيــس يف ةحيصفال‬ ‫‪ 7.3‬ةفلتخم‬
‫ةــفــلــتــخــم‬ ‫تاقايس‬
‫لهسال يرستفالميدقت ‪7.4.1‬‬ ‫ريرحتالوريسفتال ‪7.4‬‬
‫حــيـــحــصال‬ ‫تامولعملل‬
‫صوصنال ريرحت ىلع ةردقال‬ ‫ةمجرتالو ةلهسال‬
‫‪ 7.4.2‬ةلهسال‬
‫ةروصب ةلهسال‬
‫ةمجرتال ءارجإ‬
‫‪ 7.4.3‬ةحيحص‬
‫‪19‬‬
No. Subject Main competences Specific competences
8. Chinese 8.1 掌握基本汉语技能 Master 8.1.1 提升汉语声母、韵母和声调的音素意识并掌握发
basic Chinese 音
language skills Develop awareness of
phonemes, initials, finals, tone,
and Chinese Characters.
8.1.2 正确掌握各种语境下的汉语词汇
Master the correct Chinese

vocabulary in various contexts
8.1.3 在会话和写作中发展使用适当的语法和词汇的能
力
Develop the use of appropriate
grammar and vocabulary in
conversation and writing
8.2 展现出对口头和书面信息的理解 1. 提高听懂表达的能力
Demonstrate
understanding of Develop the ability to listen
information in and understand information
conversation and writing 2. 培养阅读和理解各种文本的能力
Develop the ability to read and
understand various texts.
3. 在不同的交流环境中做出正确回应
Show the right response in
various communicative contexts
4. 提高正确阅读各种文本的能力
Develop the ability to read
correctly various texts
8.3 在不同的语境下进行有效交流 8.3.1 提高对口语和书面语言特征的理解
Communicate Develop an understanding of

effectively in a variety the characteristics of spoken
of contexts and written language
20
No. Subject Main competences Specific competences
2. 在各种语境中，提高使用口语交流的能力
Develop the ability to
communicate orally
3. 在各种的语境中，提高使用书面语式正确沟通的
能力
Develop the ability to
communicate accurately in
writing in various contexts
8.4 笔译、口译简单信息 1. 进行简单准确的笔译

Translate and interpret Provide simple and accurate
simple translation.
information 2. 进行简单准确的口译 Provide
simple and correct
interpretation
9. French 1. Maîtriser les composantes 1. Développer la conscience
langagières de base du phonémique et la prononciation
français française
2. Maîtriser le vocabulaire approprié
du français
3. Élargir l’usage de la grammaire et
du vocabulaire approprié à travers
l’écoute et la lecture
9.2 Comprendre des 1. Développer la compréhension des
informations orales et informations présentées
écrites oralement.
2. Développer la compréhension des
informations présentées
à l’écrit
3. Réagir de manière
appropriée à des divers contextes
de communication
4. Lire correctement la variété des
textes
21
9.3 Communiquer 1. Maîtriser les caractéristiques de
efficacement dans la langue parlée et écrite
divers contextes
2. Communiquer à l’oral de
manière appropriée
3. Communiquer à l’écrit de
manière appropriée
9.4 Traduire, éditer 1. Traduire des textes simples
et interpréter
des informations 2. Interpréter
simples
3. Éditer des textes simples
10. Sport Studies 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding of
mastery of the the importance of sports
concepts, safety
and ethical conduct 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
in sports ethical conduct in sports
10.2 Demonstrate 10.2.1 Demonstrate an understanding of
mastery of the role the principles of building physical
of physical and and mental fitness in sports
mental fitness in
sports
10.3 Play various sports 1. Perform physical exercises
2. Develop skills and techniques in
sports
mastery of the risky behaviour in sports
fundamentals of
health and safety in 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
sports the relationship between nutrition
and health in sports
11. Biology 1. Demonstrate 1. Describe the physiological,
mastery of the anatomical and ecological
concepts, principles processes of living organisms
and processes of
Biology
11.2 Communicating 11.2.1 Demonstrate mastery of scientific
using scientific biological terminologies
biological
terminologies
22
11.3 Conduct biological 1. Demonstrate mastery of basic
investigations skills for conducting biological
investigations
2. Prepare and present
results of biological
investigations
3. Carry out a biological project
work using biological
principles
12. Chemistry 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate mastery of concepts,
mastery of basic theories and principles in
concepts, theories Chemistry
and principles in
Chemistry 2. Demonstrate an understanding
of the physical and chemical
properties of elements on the
basis of their arrangement in the
periodic table
12.2 Demonstrate 1. Use the International
mastery of basic Union of Pure and Applied
terminologies in Chemistry nomenclature to name
Chemistry chemical compounds
2. Use chemical symbols, formulas
and equations to represent
chemical reaction
12.3 Conduct 12.3.1 Conduct experiments in
experiments in Chemistry
Chemistry
12.4 Demonstrate 12.4.1 Demonstrate mastery of
mastery of basic principles of extraction of metals
principles of
extraction of metals
12.5 Conduct a project 1.21.1 Conduct a project in Chemistry
in Chemistry
13. Physics 1. Apply knowledge 1. Demonstrate mastery of basic
of Physics in concepts, theories and principles
various contexts of Physics
2. Demonstrate mastery of basic
terminologies, measurements and
symbols in Physics
3. Use mathematics to explain
physical principles and
phenomena
23
13.2 Conduct 1. Demonstrate mastery of basic
experiments in experimental skills in Physics
Physics
2. Demonstrate mastery of data
analysis, presentation and report
writing in Physics
13.3 Evaluate and use 1. Collect, describe and relate
information in physical data
Physics
2. Carry out a project in
Physics
14. Kilimo 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding of

mastery of the the principles of agriculture
principles of
agriculture
14.2 Use basic 14.1.1 Apply basic principles of

agricultural skills husbandry in crop production
14.2.2 Apply basic principles of
husbandry in animal production
14.3.3 Apply basic principles of
husbandry in aquaculture
14.3 Conduct a project 14.1.1 Carry out a project in Agriculture

in Agriculture
15. Mathematics 1. Demonstrate 1. Use numerical skills in different

mastery of contexts
mathematical
language 2. Use ratios, profit and loss in
daily life Use rates and variations
in different contexts
15.2 Demonstrate 1. Use geometry, approximations,

mastery of basic relations, and functions in various
concepts in contexts
geometry and
algebra 2. Use algebra and matrices in
problem solving
3. Use sets, sequences and series in
problem solving
24
15.3 Demonstrate 1. Use basic coordinate geometry,
mastery of trigonometry, and vectors skills in
basic concepts daily life
in coordinate
geometry, 2. Use probability in problem
trigonometry, solving
circles, vectors, 3. Use statistics in problem
probability and solving
statistics
16. Additional 1. Use advanced 1. Use some advanced skills

Mathematics mathematical in Coordinate Geometry,
knowledge and trigonometry and vectors in daily
skills in daily life life
2. Apply statistical skills in the
fields of business and economics
3. Demonstrate mastery of logic in
decision making
4. Apply the basic skills of
probability in daily life
16.2 Demonstrate 1. Use Algebra and Calculus to

mastery of some solve problems in different
advanced concepts contexts
in algebra and
calculus in problem 2. Apply set theory skills in decision
solving making
17. Computer 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding the

Science mastery of the field of Computer Science and
basic Concepts of its related fields
Computer Science
computer systems
3. Demonstrate mastery of
maintenance and troubleshooting
of computer systems
4. Demonstrate mastery of basics of
system administration
5. Demonstrate mastery of the
Internet, and basics of cyber
security
25
17.2 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate mastery of the basic
mastery of the principles of problem solving
basic principles of (concept of problem solving,
Computer Science steps of problem solving, concept
of algorithms)
of basic principles of
computer programming (using
an appropriate structured
programming language such as C,
python, etc)
the basic principles of computer
architecture.
the basics of computer networks
principles of web development
(HTML, CSS, and JavaScript)
principles of mobile App
17.3 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate the mastery of
mastery of the basic principles of databases and
basic principles of database management systems.
data management
2. Demonstrate the mastery of the
basic principles of data analysis
(data collection, pre-processing,
processing, visualization,
interpretation)
18. Bookkeeping 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding of
mastery of the the basic principles and theories
principles of of Bookkeeping
Bookkeeping
2. Record business transactions
using source documents
3. Prepare a Trial balance
18.2 Prepare basic 1. Prepare basic profit and loss
financial statements statements
2. Prepare basic business
financial position statements
3. Prepare basic audit reports
26
18.3 Prepare financial 1. Demonstrate an understanding of
statements for commercial and non-commercial
non-commercial organisations
institutions
2. Prepare financial statements
of non-commercial
organisations
18.4 Demonstrate 1. Prepare bank reconciliation
mastery of financial statements
assets control
2. Prepare a financial budget
3. Adjust records in financial
statements
18.5 Demonstrate 18.21.1 Use basic accounting packages
mastery of the
use of ICT in
Bookkeeping
19. Business 19.1 Demonstrate 19.1.1 Demonstrate mastery of the
Studies mastery of business concepts, theories and principles
knowledge of Business Studies
19.2 Solve social 1. Demonstrate mastery of the basic

challenges using skills of operating a small-
business skills scale business
basic skills of trading locally and
internationally
19.3 Apply business 1. Apply business theories into
knowledge in practice
various contexts
business ethics
20. Textiles and 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding
Garment mastery of of basic principles of garment
Construction basic concepts construction
and principles
of garment 2. Caring for clothes and house hold
construction articles
27
mastery of garment the concept of patterns in garment
construction construction
2. Select the right fabric for different
garments (design, style, fashion,
texture, colour and line in
garment construction)
3. Sew simple styles of various
garments (lay and cut out,
apply procedures of garment
construction)
20.3 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding

mastery of in operating a textile related
professionalism and business
ethics in garment
construction 2. Demonstrate an understanding
of professionalism and ethics in
tailoring
21. Fine Art 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding

mastery of of the concepts, theories and the
concepts, theories principles of Fine Art
and principles of
Fine Art 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
Traditional forms of
Fine Art in Tanzania
21.2 Create simple 1. Make decorations

works of Fine Art
2. Use traditional and modern
techniques to create works of art
3. Create realistic art content
21.3 Demonstrate 1. Dispose waste from Fine Art

mastery of the activities
principles of
occupational health 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
and environmental ethical conduct in Fine Art
care in Fine Art
21.4 Use ICT to market 21.4.1 Use ICT to market works of Fine
works of Fine Art Art
28
22. Music 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding
mastery of of the concepts, theories, and
concepts, theories principles of music
and principles of
music 2. Demonstrate an understanding of
the principles of reading and writ-
ing music
22.2 Create and perform 1. Compose music in different
music languages
2. Sing local and foreign
songs
3. Play local and foreign musical
instruments
of ethical conduct in the music
industry
22.3 Demonstrate 1. Use ICT programmes to write
mastery of the use music
of ICT in music
2. Use ICT in music production
3. Use ICT to store works of
music
4. Use ICT to market works of
music
22.4 Carry out a project 22.4.1 Conduct a research project on
in Music business opportunities in
music
23. Theatre Arts 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding of
mastery of the concept and history of theatre
concepts, theories arts
and principles of
theatre arts 2. Demonstrate an understanding
of the theories and principles of
theatre arts
the contribution of theatre arts to
social development
23.2 Perform theatre arts 1. Perform theatre arts for different
audiences based on audience
types
2. Use ICT to produce simple
film, television and radio drama
3. Organise theatre for social
change
4. Observe ethical
29 conduct in theatre arts
23.3 Demonstrate 1. Use creative language to prepare
mastery of the theatrical works
use of creative
language in theatre 2. Interpret theatrical works to suit
arts different audiences
23.4 Demonstrate 1. Develop business ideas and
mastery of the opportunities in theatre arts
application of
business principles 2. Analyse the cost of producing and
in theatre arts selling theatrical works
3. Design strategies for marketing
theatrical works
24. Food and 1. Demonstrate 1. Describe the basic principles of
Human mastery of the Food and Nutrition
Nutrition basic principles of
Food and Nutrition 2. Describe the nutrient content of
different foods
principles of cookery
24.2 Demonstrate an 1. Describe the relationship between
understanding of health and nutrition
the relationship
between health and 2. Use of food and nutrition
nutrition principles to improve health
24.3 Demonstrate 1. Prepare a balanced meal based
mastery of cookery on different foods available in the
community
2. Prepare a balanced meal for
people with different nutritional
needs
3. Demonstrate mastery of cooking
for business purposes
24.4 Demonstrate 24.4.1 Design and use simple technology
mastery of using to preserve different types of food
technology to
preserve food
24.5 Carry out a project 24.5.1 Conduct a project in food and

in food and Nutrition
Nutrition
30
25. Bible 1. Demonstrate an 1. Use the Book of Genesis
Knowledge understanding of to learn about creation,
Creation and God’s responsibility and taking care of
commandments life
2. Demonstrate mastery of the Holy
Scripture through the Book of
Genesis
3. Use the Book of Exodus to
understand God’s love and
compassion
4. Demonstrate an appreciation of
God’s commandments as outlined
in the Book of Exodus
the importance of statistics
based on the Book of Numbers
25.2 Demonstrate an 1. Demonstrate mastery of the Holy
understanding of Scripture through the Book of
faith by living a Joshua
holy life
2. Use the Book of Joshua to
appreciate the importance of
courage, bravery, humility,
perseverance and patriotism
25.3 Demonstrate an 1. Demonstrate mastery of the Holy

understanding of Scripture in the Gospel according
devotion to God to Luke
as revealed in the
Bible 2. Use the Gospel according to Luke
to appreciate the importance of
family life
3. Demonstrate mastery of the Holy
Scripture in the Book of Acts of
the Apostles
devotion to spreading the Gospel
5. Use the Book of Acts of the
Apostles to appreciate the
importance of justice, peace and
equality
31
26. Elimu ya Dini 1. Kuonesha uelewa 1. Kuchambua aina za Tawhid na
ya Kiislamu wa aina za Tawhidi Daraja za dini katika maisha ya
na Daraja za dini Muislamu
(Maratibu Diin)
2. Kufafanua misingi ya Dini ya
Kiislamu
3. Kutumia mwenendo/Sira za
Mtume Muhammad (S.A.W)
26.2 Kutumia Qur’an 1. Kusoma kwa hifdhi na ahkam
na Sunnah katika Sura thelathini (30) kutoka
maisha ya kila siku mwisho wa Qur’an Tukufu
2. Kuchambua mafunzo ya Aya
zilizochaguliwa
3. Kuchanganua mafunzo ya Hadithi
zilizochaguliwa
26.3 Kufanya ibada za 1. Kuchambua utekelezaji wa nguzo
Faradhi na Sunnah tano za Uislamu na umuhimu
kwa usahihi wake
2. Kuchanganua miamala halali na
haramu katika Uisilamu
26.4 Kutekeleza 1. Kuchambua maadili na tabia
matendo mema, kutokana na kazi za uchumi na
kufanya kazi biashara za Mtume Muhammad
za kiuchumi na (S.A.W)
kutumia mali kwa
usahihi 2. Kuchambua maadili na tabia za
katika miamala ya ajira
3. Kuchambua maadili na tabia za
katika kazi za uongozi/ukhalifa
26.5 Kuishi kwa 1. Kuchambua imani, mila na amali
kumuiga Mtume za washirikina kabla, wakati na
Muhammad baada ya Mtume Muhammad
(S.A.W) na (S.A.W)
Makhalifa
waongofu katika 2. Kuchambua mafunzo ya Sira ya
maisha ya kila siku Mtume Muhammad (S.A.W) na
Makhalifa wake
26.6 Kuamrisha mema 26.6.1 Kutumia Aya na Hadithi za

na kukataza maovu Mtume Muhammad (S.A.W)
katika jamii zilizoteuliwa
32
27. Fasihi ya 1. Kuthamini kazi za 1. Kuonesha uelewa wa kazi za
Kiswahili fasihi ya Kiswahili fasihi ya Kiswahili ya kitaifa
2. Kuhakiki kazi mbalimbali za
fasihi ya Kiswahili
27.2 Kujenga ujumi 1. Kujenga ujumi na falsafa ya
kutokana na kazi za Kiafrika katika kazi za fasihi
fasihi
2. Kutumia kazi za fasihi katika
kujenga hoja zenye mantiki
27.3 Kubuni kazi za 1. Kutathmini mbinu za kisanaa za

fasihi utunzi wa kazi za kifasihi
2. Kutunga kazi sahili za kifasihi
3. Kutambua fursa zinazotokana na
fasihi ya Kiswahili
33
Part Four
Teaching and Learning
This curriculum emphasises the use of teaching and learning techniques
that make the student the centre of learning and the teacher the facilitator. The
teacher will use techniques that involve the student in teaching and learning based
on the subject, various needs and the student’s abilities. The techniques that will be
used include using games and art, ICT and other assistive technologies, scientific
experiments, study tours, discussions, gallery walks and other interactive techniques
that encourage learning. The curriculum insists that the teacher should be creative
and flexible in using real objects available in the environment and creating an
environment for the student to use such objects in learning.
1. Cross-cutting Issues
Cross-cutting issues are among the important aspects considered in this curriculum.
Students will learn cross-cutting issues such as the environment, health and inclusive
education. Likewise, they will learn gender education, peace education, ethics, rights
and responsibilities of the child, human rights, safety and security, road safety, financial
literacy, anti corruption, cooperation and union matters. These issues will be integrated
in carrier subjects during the teaching and learning of various subjects considering the
relationship between the cross-cutting issue and the respective subject.
2. Duration and the Number of Periods

An academic year will have 194 days equal to 39 weeks that are divided into two
equal terms. In each term, two weeks will be used for internal assessment. Each
period will take 40 minutes, and the study time is 6 hours per day. The distribution of
periods and duration for each subject in each stage of secondary education is
presented in Tables 4 and 5.
Table 4: Compulsory Core Subjects and the Number of Periods per Week
Number of periods per week
No. Subject
Form I & II Form III & IV
1. Mathematics 5 5
2. Kiswahili 4 4
3. English 5 5
4. Business studies 3 3
5. Geography 2 3
6. Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili 3 3
34
Table 5: Elective Subjects and Number of Periods per Week
Number of periods per week
No. Subject
Form I & II Form III & IV
1. Physics 3 4
2. Chemistry 3 4
3. Biology 3 4
4. Agriculture 5 5
5. Computer science 4 4
6. Food and Human Nutrition 5 5
7. Sports 4 4
Textile and Garment
8. Construction
5 5
9. Fine Art 4 4
10. Theatre Arts 4 4
11. Additional Mathematics – 3
12. Literature in English – 2
13. Fasihi ya Kiswahili – 2
14. French 3 3
15. Arabic 3 3
16. Chinese 3 3
17. Music 4 4
18. History 3 4
19. Book-keeping 3 4
20. Bible Knowledge 3 3
21. Dini ya Kiislamu 3 3
The time allocated for Vocational Education streams is 1500 hours per year. The
distribution of hours is presented in Table 6. The time allocation will follow the
guidelines provided by VETA. Extracurricular activities will be implemented following
the guidelines issued from time to time by the relevant authorities.
35
Table 6: Distribution of Time for Vocational Education Stream
Time (hours per year)
No Description
Form I& II Form III& IV
1 Vocational subjects 870 720

2 Academic subjects 480 480
3 Projects - 150
4 Examinations 150 150
Total 1500 1500
4.3 The Language of Teaching and Learning

The 2014 Education and Training Policy, the 2023 Edition, directs the use of
Kiswahili, English as well as other foreign languages in education and training. In
addition, the Policy proclaims that the language of teaching and learning in secondary
education is English. Kiswahili, English, French, Chinese and Arabic subjects will be
taught in their respective languages.
36
Part Five
Assessment and Evaluation of Teaching and Learning
Assessment in education is carried out to determine the student’s progress in terms of

what he/she knows, what he/she can do, and changes in behaviour and attitudes and to
identify the student’s challenges in learning to find solutions. In addition, assessment
stimulates the student’s motivation to learn more, and it improves teaching. As stated
in the 2014 Education and Training Policy, the 2023 Edition, this Curriculum aims to
strengthen the assessment and evaluation of student academic progress. This
Curriculum will use a continuous and final assessment system based on criteria for
assessing student progress that are recognized based on competence building. Internal
assessments will be coordinated in school along with teaching and learning, and
external assessments will be coordinated and implemented by the responsible
authorities, including the National Examinations Council of Tanzania, and the
National Council for Vocational Education and Training to ensure the validity and
reliability of internal assessments.
1. Formative Assessment
Formative assessment is assessment that takes place during the teaching and learning
process to support or facilitate effective learning for students. The aim of this assessment
is to help the student and the teacher identify the areas that the student has understood
and the areas that they had challenges and thus enable them to find a solution to the
challenge he/she is facing and address it in time. Formative assessment can be done
using various methods, including asking questions, providing feedback, asking the
student to determine the goal or objectives of learning, the student assessing oneself or
being tested by his/her fellows and using the results of the final assessment to improve
teaching and learning. The use of these methods will enable the teacher to identify
the students’ understanding and challenges when the teaching and learning process
continues and thus jointly devise strategies for addressing the challenges.
2. Continuous Assessment
Continuous assessment takes place throughout teaching and learning in and out of
the classroom. This assessment helps the teacher to determine the efficiency in the
student’s performance of various daily activities. This assessment also enables the
teacher and student to know in which area they have succeeded or not so as to set
a strategy to improve and strengthen learning. Moreover, the assessment enables the
teacher to identify various talents of the student such as creativity, painting, arts and
sports. Continuous assessment accounts for 30 per cent of the final assessment of
Form
37
IV. For subjects that began being taught in Standard III Primary Education, for example
Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili, Mathematics, English, Arts and Sports and Kiswahili,
their analysis of continuous assessment scores for Class VI National Assessment will
contribute to continuous assessment for Form IV. Table 7 shows the breakdown of
those marks.
Table 7: Distribution of Continuous and Summative Assessment Marks for the Subjects
Started in Standard III
No. Type of Assessment Percentage

1. National Standard VI Assessment 7.5
2. National Form II Assessment 7.5
3. Form III Annual Examination 5.0
4. Project 5.0
5. Form IV Mock Examination 5.0
6. Form IV National Examination 70.0
Total 100.0
Moreover, for subjects that begin to be taught in Form I, the breakdown of continuous
assessment marks is as shown in Table 8
Table 8: Distribution of Continuous and Summative Assessment Marks for Subjects

Starting to be Taught Form I

1. National Form II Assessment 10.0
2. Form III Annual Examination 5.0
3. Project 5.0
4. Form IV Mock Examination 10.0
5. Form IV Final Examination 70.0
Total 100.0
5.3 Summative Assessment

The final assessment will be conducted at the end of each semester. Moreover, the
assessment will involve national examinations that will be held at the end of Form II
and the Form IV final examination. The Form II assessment aims to determine whether
38
the student has reached the expected competence so that he can continue to Form III.
The results of this assessment will be used as part of the continuous assessment in the
Form IV final examination, whose aim is to obtain information and understand the
competence level that the student has reached. Moreover, this assessment will help
determine to what extent the objectives at the Secondary Education level, Form I –
IV, have been achieved. For a student to graduate at this level, he or she must sit for
the national examination at the end of Form IV. The National Examinations Council
of Tanzania and the National Council for Vocational Education and Training will be
responsible for this assessment. A graduate of Secondary Education, Forms I – IV, will
receive a certificate to show that he or she has graduated this stage. This assessment
will account for 70 per cent of the total assessment.
4. Tools and Methods of Assessment and Evaluation

Various tools and techniques will be used to assess theory and practice in the entire
teaching and learning process. The techniques that will be used include brainstorming,
observation, tests, face-to-face questions, exercises, (individual and group) practical
work and project work. Other techniques are practical tests, presentations, midterm
examinations and final examinations. In addition, the Curriculum emphasizes the use of
assessment and evaluation tools such as checklists, questionnaires and portfolios. Such
techniques and tools will vary depending on the purpose of the assessment, the type
and requirements of the subject, the different needs of the student and the competence
intended to be developed.
5. Assessment of Vocational Education

The assessment of vocational education fields will be done in accordance with the rules
and procedures of the National Council of Vocational Education and Training using the
VETA assessment guidelines. A continuous assessment will contribute to 60 per cent
of the final assessment of Form IV and Competence Based Assessment Level 3 will
account for 40 per cent of the total assessment. Table 9 shows the distribution of the
assessment marks.
39
Table 9: Distribution of Continuous and Final Assessment Marks for Vocational
Education Subjects
1. Practical exercises 20.0
2. Theoretical exercises 10.0
3. Competence Based Assessment Level 1 10.0
5. Projects work 10.0
100%
In addition, all students of the Vocational Education Stream will take VETA
examinations in Form Il (at the end of Level 1 of VETA), Form III (at the end of Level
2 of VETA) and Form IV (at the end of Level 3 of VETA). A student who fails in the
Level 1 final examinations will repeat in Form III when Level 2 VETA examinations
are held. Similarly, a student who fails Level 2 examinations will repeat in Form IV
when Level 3 examinations are held. Moreover, a student who fails to pass the Level 3
examinations will repeat them in the VETA system.
Students will receive two Certificates of Completion of Vocational Education, which

are for assessing compulsory and professional studies from the National Examinations
Council of Tanzania (NECTA) and VETA.
40
Part Six
Curriculum Implementation Resources
Curriculum implementation resources involve human resources, materials, time

and finance. The standards and qualifications of these resources are provided by the
responsible ministry through various guidelines. In addition, some of those resources
are described as follows:
1. Human Resources
The required human resources for the implementation of the Curriculum involve
competent teachers and support staff. In addition, the teacher who will teach General
Secondary Education, Form I–IV, should have at least a Bachelor’s Degree of
Education in the subjects he/she will teach from a college recognised by the
Government. A skilled teacher in Vocational Secondary Education, Forms I–IV, must
have a Diploma or Degree in the relevant field of vocational subjects and received
teaching training for at least one year.
Support staff is an important link in the successful implementation of this Curriculum.

This group includes professionals such as librarians, laboratory technicians, health
practitioners and nurses, secretaries, office assistants, security guards and others. These
workers should have received training from a college recognized by the Government
and qualified in the relevant fields.
2. Material Resources
Material resources include various materials that will support the implementation
of the Curriculum. The resources include teaching and learning materials such as
syllabus, guides, textbooks and supplementary books, and teaching and learning
tools. Other materials are science and ICT equipment, such as tape recorders and
computers. Material resources include playgrounds, sports equipment, art and various
specialisations. In addition, other important materials for the implementation of the
Curriculum are assistive tools for students with special needs. These are visual, hearing
and tactile aids such as Braille machines, audio books, amplifiers and text magnifiers
for the visually impaired. To ensure quality, the tools that will be used in the school are
those approved by the ministry responsible for education.
3. Furniture and Buildings

Furniture and buildings are among the important resources in the implementation of the
Curriculum. Buildings include classrooms, laboratories, workshops, libraries, teachers’
41
offices, dormitories, halls, health centres and kitchens. The preparation of such furniture
and buildings should consider all types of students, including students with special
needs. The VET facilities and infrastructure should offer chances for practical training
to students in the acquisition of skills in differnt occupations. Therefore, furniture and
buildings will be set in accordance with the guidelines set by the ministry responsible
for education.
4. Time Resources
The period of implementing this Curriculum is four (4) years, with two terms for each
academic year. There are 194 academic days, which is equal to 39 weeks as presented
in Tables 3 and 4. The academic calendar will be offered by the ministry responsible
for managing education. Therefore, parents, guardians, society, the Government
and various stakeholders in education should ensure that the duration set is utilized
effectively in implementing this Curriculum.
5. Financial Resources
The implementation of this Curriculum depends on the availability of sufficient
financial resources. This resource will be obtained through contributions in terms of
money and property from various stakeholders and the Government in collaboration
with the private sector as well as educational development partners to ensure that there
are sufficient financial resources to successfully implement this Curriculum.
6. Participation of Stakeholders in Implementing the Curriculum

The participation of parents/guardians and other education stakeholders is important for
the successful implementation of this Curriculum. Secondary schools will collaborate
with these stakeholders to achieve the intended goals in providing secondary education.
7. Management, Monitoring and Evaluation of Curriculum Implementation

The management of the implementation of the Curriculum for Secondary Education,
Form I–IV, will be conducted from the school level to the ministry level according to
the guidelines set by the ministry responsible for education. Curriculum management
at the school level will be done by the school head in collaboration with the school
Board, District and Regional Education Officers, and School Quality Assurance
Officers. Moreover, the monitoring of the implementation of the Curriculum for
Secondary Education, Form I–IV, aims to see and obtain feedback on how the teaching
and learning process is being carried out, including achievements, challenges and how
to address them in order to meet the expectations.
42
Bibliography
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Ripoti na maendeleo ya tume ya Rais ya Elimu. Juzuu la Pili.
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Development.
Lakkala, S., Uusiautti, S., & Määttä, K. (2016). How to make the neighbourhood
school a school for all? Finnish teachers’ perceptions of educational reform
aiming towards inclusion. Journal of Research in Special Educational
Needs, 16(1), 46-56.
Mauritius Institute of Education. (2015). National curriculum framework nine year

continuous. Mauritius Institute of Education.
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training. (2014). Education and training

policy. MoEC.
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. (2019). National curriculum

framework for basic and teacher education. Tanzania Institute of Education.
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. (2022). National strategy for

inclusive education in Tanzania 2021/22 -2025/26. MoEST.
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training. (2009). National strategy on

inclusive education 2009 – 2017. MoEST.
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basic education. Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture.
Nyerere J. K. (1967). Education for self-reliance. Government printer.
Persekutuan, P. P. K. (2013). Malaysia education blueprint 2013-2025 (Preschool to

Post-Secondary Education). Kementerian Pendidikan.
Taasisi ya Elimu Tanzania. (2022). Ripoti ya maoni ya wadau kuhusu uboreshaji wa

mitaala ya elimu ya awali, msingi, sekondari na ualimu. TET.
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UNESCO. (1990). Joemtien World Conference on EFA. UNESCO.
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44

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THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

CURRICULUM FOR ORDINARY SECONDARY EDUCATION

Tanzania Institute of Education

Mobile numbers: +255 735

Part Four .................................................................................................................

Table 1: Learning Areas and Subjects.........................................................................6

Table 6: Distribution of Time for Vocational Education Stream................................36

Table 9: Distribution of Continuous and Final Assessment Marks for

Secondly, TIE is grateful to institutions, Ministries, and various stakeholders who

Thirdly, TIE is thankful to different organisations for sponsoring the preparation of

Tanzania is committed to providing quality and inclusive education based on the

2. Structure of Ordinary Secondary Education, Form I – IV

1. Vision of Tanzanian Education

2. Main Objectives of Education in Tanzania

2.3 Objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education – General Education

2.4 Objectives of Ordinary Secondary Education - Vocational Education

2.5 General Competences – General Education

2.6 General Competences – Vocational Education

3.1 Learning Areas and Subjects – General Education

Table 1: Learning Areas and Subjects

No Learning areas Subjects

1. Natural Science, Technology and 1. Biology

2. Social Science, Faith and Ethics 1. Geography

3. Mathematics 1. Basic Mathematics

4. Language and Communication 1. Kiswahili

5. Vocational Education, Entrepreneurship 1. Business Studies

6. Culture, Arts and Sports 1. Music

Figure 1: Specialisation and Subjects for General Education

3.2 Main Fields and Trades - Vocational Education

S/No. Main Fields Trades

8.4 Horticulture production

11.3 Binding and print finishing

12. Extraction and Processing of 12.1 Jewellery

13. Cosmetology 13.1 Hair dressing

Transport Agriculture Hospitality Commercial Electronics

Figure 2: Various Fields and Trades for Vocational Education

Table 3: Subject, Main Competence and Specific Competence

1.2 Kumudu historia ya 1. Kuchambua mifumo ya kijamii

1.3 Kumudu historia 1. Kutumia maarifa na ujuzi wa

4.6 Appreciate and 1. Appreciate the aesthetics and

Master the correct Chinese

8.3 在不同的语境下进行有效交流 8.3.1 提高对口语和书面语言特征的理解

Communicate Develop an understanding of

8.4 笔译、口译简单信息 1. 进行简单准确的笔译

14. Kilimo 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding of

14.2 Use basic 14.1.1 Apply basic principles of

14.3 Conduct a project 14.1.1 Carry out a project in Agriculture

15. Mathematics 1. Demonstrate 1. Use numerical skills in different

15.2 Demonstrate 1. Use geometry, approximations,

16. Additional 1. Use advanced 1. Use some advanced skills

16.2 Demonstrate 1. Use Algebra and Calculus to

17. Computer 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding the

19.2 Solve social 1. Demonstrate mastery of the basic

20.3 Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding

21. Fine Art 1. Demonstrate 1. Demonstrate an understanding

21.2 Create simple 1. Make decorations

21.3 Demonstrate 1. Dispose waste from Fine Art

24.5 Carry out a project 24.5.1 Conduct a project in food and

25.3 Demonstrate an 1. Demonstrate mastery of the Holy