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PROBABILITY

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Shaina leigh Ragudo
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5 views

PROBABILITY

Uploaded by

Shaina leigh Ragudo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY

Probability is the ratio of the number of ways the specified


event can occur to the total number of equally likely events that
can occur.
The probability of an event, P(E), can be defined as the
proportion of times a favorable event will occur in a long series
of repeated trials:

n number of favorable outcomes


P(E) = =
N number of possible outcomes
example 1
A restaurant offers lunch with the two
kinds of rice preparations, plain rice and
fried rice. Then there are a choice of
pork, beef and chicken plus a salad of
lettuce, spinach and cucumber. In how
many ways can one eat lunch if one of
each kind is ordered?
A tree diagram can be used to
verify the result. The counting
argument used to find the number of
possible lunch combination is an
example of the Fundamental
Counting Principle.
Aside from a tree diagram and
systematic listing, the grid table can
be utilized to further illustrate the
solution.
note
If two events A and B have no common sample points, the
two events cannot both occur on any single performance of
the experiment: said events said to be mutually exclusive or
disjoint.
For example, an experimenter tosses a die and records the
number on the top face. Let A be the event that an even
number is tossed and let B the event that an odd number is
tossed. Then
A = {2, 4, 6} and B = {1, 3, 5}
Since A∩B = 0, these events are mutually exclusive.
2. If a boy owns 5 shirts and 4 pants, how many shirt-
pant combinations are possible?
3. Gina is taking 10-item true or false test. If she guesses
at every item, how many different patterns of answers
are possible?
4. Suppose 5 horses are entered in a race. In how many
ways can the first three horses finish?
5. A car license plate is composed of three letters
followed by three digits. If repetition is allowed, how
many car plates are possible?

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