vancomycin and adrenaline ppt

Clinical Pharmacy
Drug profile presentation

Submitted to: Dr.Saira Zubair
GROUP MEMBERS
HADIA ZAFAR
HUMA KANWAL
BISMA MANZOOR
ANHA TAHIR
VANCOMYCIN
Introduction:
powerful antibiotic medication
used to treat bacterial infections.
Pharmacological class:
Glycopeptide antibiotic
Therapeutics class:
Antibacterial
Cont…..
Generic Name:
Vancomycin
Vancomycin HCl
Brand Name:
Lyphocin(pfizer)
Vancomycin HCl(hospira)
Vancoled(teva
pharmaceuticals)
Pharmacokinetics
Absorptio Distributi Metabo Excreti Bioavai Half BBB
n on
lism on lability life and
Placent
a
barrier
■Poor ■VOD:0.7 ■Not ■Mostly ■In oral: ■4-6 ■Not
oral -1.1L/KG significant excereted less than hours cross the
absorpti ■Well ly unchanged 5% BBB
on distribute metabolise in the ■In IV: ■10-15% ■Not
■Rapid to tissue d urine 100% bind with cross
and and body ■mostly ■Small plasma placenta
complete fluid released amount protein
absorption unchanged through binding
after IV renal
administra
tion
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity
Red Man Syndrome
Precautions:
Use with caution in patient with renal impairment or
those taking other ototoxic and drugs
Discontinue treatment if sign of nephrotoxicity occur
Counseling tips:
Discuss potential side effect
monitor for sign of toxicity
Importance of renal function monitoring
adherance to treatment
ADRENALINE
Introduction:
Adrenaline (Epinephrine) is a potent sympathomimetic
agent used to treat emergency conditions such as anaphylaxis,
cardiac arrest , and asthma attacks. It stimulates the heart,
increases blood pressure, and relaxes airway muscles to improve
breathing.
Pharmacological class:
1. Adrenergic agonist
2. Catecholamine
3. Sympathomimetic agent
Therapeutic class:
1.Bronchodilator 2. Cardiac stimulant
3. Vasoconstrictor 4. Anaphylaxis treatment
CONT…..
Generic Name:
Epinephrine
Brand Name:
EpiPen
Adrenalin
Epinephrine injection
Auvi-Q
Symjepi
Mechanism Of Action
MOA:
Adrenaline stimulates both alpha (α1 and α2) and beta
(β1 and β2) adrenergic receptors, leading to various
physiological effects.
Pharmacological action:
1.Cardiovascular system: Increases heart rate, contractility,
and cardiac output. Also, causes vasoconstriction, which increases
blood pressure.
2. Respiratory system: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscles,
causing bronchodilation.
3. Metabolic effects: Increases glucose release from energy
stores, and increases fatty acid release from adipose tissue.
4. Other effects: Causes pupillary dilation, relaxes smooth
muscles in the gastrointestinal tract, and increases renal blood
flow.
Clinical Uses:
1. Anaphylaxis: Treatment of severe allergic
reactions, including anaphylactic shock.
2. Cardiac arrest: Treatment of cardiac arrest,
including ventricular fibrillation and pulseless
ventricular tachycardia.
3. Asthma: Treatment of acute asthma attacks.
4. Glaucoma: Treatment of glaucoma,
particularly in emergency situations.
Pharmacokinetics
■It has a rapid onset but a brief duration of
action.
■The preferred route is intramuscular
■In emergency situations, epinephrine is given
intravenously (IV) for the most rapid onset of
action.It may also be given subcutaneously.
■It is rapidly metabolized by MAO and COMT.
■It distributes in sympathetic nervous tissue and
crosses the placenta not blood-brain barrier.
■It excretes mainly urine (84-96)%
■Half life is approx 2-3 min
Side Effect
Common side effects of adrenaline include:
1. Anxiety
2. Tremors
3. Palpitations
4. Tachycardia
5. Hypertension
6. Nausea and vomiting
Drug Interactions
 - Beta-blockers: Reduces effectiveness
 - Alpha-blockers: Increases risk of
hypotension
 - MAOIs, tricyclics: Increases risk of
hypertensive crisis
 - Levodopa, theophylline,
corticosteroids, diuretics: Various

interactions
Contraindications:
Adrenaline is contraindicated in:
1. Hypersensitivity to adrenaline or any
component of the formulation.
2. Angina pectoris or other severe
cardiovascular diseases
3. Hyperthyroidism
4. Closed-angle glaucoma.
Counselling tips:
 1. Explain the purpose: Explain why adrenaline is being
administered and its expected effects.
 2. Discuss potential side effects: Inform patients about
potential side effects, such as palpitations, tremors, and
anxiety.
 3. Teach self-administration: For patients using an EpiPen or
other auto-injector, teach them how to properly administer the
device.
 4. Emphasize the importance of seeking medical
attention: After administering adrenaline, patients should
seek immediate medical attention.
 5. Provide guidance on storage and disposal: Instruct
patients on how to properly store and dispose of their EpiPen
or other auto-injector.
 6. Encourage patients to carry their EpiPen with them at
all times: In case of an emergency, patients should have their
EpiPen readily available.

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Clinical Pharmacy

Drug profile presentation

corticosteroids, diuretics: Various

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